Application of glufosinate ammonium using banded herbicide application in sunflower

Öz

Total herbicides are highly effective agents that control many problematic arable weeds due to their broad impact spectrum. However, applying these herbicides in conventional production fields using standard field sprayers is impractical because of their high phytotoxicity. A field sprayer equipped with a banded herbicide application (BHA) function provides an opportunity to use total herbicides in conventional production fields. This study aims to determine the applicability of glufosinate ammonium using a BHA, with or without a selective sunflower herbicide, on different parts of the sunflower field. Two recommended rates of glufosinate ammonium and one recommended rate of aclonifen were applied using BHA in sunflower fields located in Ankara and Tokat in 2016. A visual evaluation was conducted to assess the herbicide impacts 28 days after treatment. Glufosinate ammonium effectively controlled all weeds in the inter-row areas, except for Convolvulus arvensis (L.), while aclonifen controlled only Sinapis arvensis (L.), Chenopodium album (L.), Portulaca oleracea (L.), Galium aparine (L.), and Polygonum convolvulus (L.) in the intra-row areas. No crop injury was observed on the sunflower plants as a result of herbicide application. The combined application of glufosinate ammonium and aclonifen using BHA effectively managed weed populations in both inter-row and intra-row areas and led to a substantial yield increase compared to conventional selective herbicide applications. This study indicates that a higher level of biological efficacy can be achieved by using total herbicides with BHA than with selective herbicides alone.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Banded herbicide application
• glufosinate amonyum
• sunflower

Ayçiçeğinde Yabancı Ot Kontrolünde Glufosinate Ammoniumun Bant Herbisit Uygulaması ile Kullanımı

Öz

Total herbisitler geniş etki spektrumları sayesinde tarımsal yönden sorun olan birçok yabancı otu kontrol etme yeteneğindeki güçlü herbisitlerdir. Bu herbisitlerin geleneksel üretim alanlarında standart tip tarla pülverizatörleri ile uygulanması, kültür bitkisinde yaratacakları fitotoksisite nedeniyle mümkün değildir. Bant herbisit uygulaması (BHU) yapabilen tarla tipi pülverizatörleri total herbisitlerin geleneksel ayçiçeği üretim alanlarında kullanılmasına imkan sağlamaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı BHU ile glufosinate ammoniumun tek başına ve/veya selektif bir ayçiçeği herbisiti ile ayçiçeği tarlasının farklı bölümlerine uygulanabilirliğinin belirlenmesidir. Glufosinate ammoniumun 2 farklı tavsiye dozu ile aclonifenin tavsiye dozu BHU kullanılarak Ankara ve Tokat illerinde ayçiçeği ekilen alanlarda 2016 yılında kullanılmıştır. Değerlendirmeler gözleme dayalı değerlendirme yöntemi ile herbisit uygulamasından 28 gün sonra yapılmıştır. Her iki dozda da glufosinate ammonium sıra arasındaki tarla sarmaşığı (Convolvulus arvensis (L.)) hariç yabancı otların tamamını kontrol ederken aclonifen sıra üzerlerinde bulunan yabani hardal (Sinapis arvensis (L.)), Sirken (Chenopodium album (L.)), semizotu (Portulaca oleracea (L)), dil kanatan (Galium aparine (L.)) ve sarmaşık çoban deyneği (Polygonum convolvulus (L.))’ni kontrol etmiştir. Kültür bitkilerinde herbisitlerden kaynaklanan bir fitotoksisiteye rastlanmamıştır. BHU ile uygulanan glufosinate ammonium ve aclonifen sıra arasındaki ve üzerindeki yabancı otların neredeyse tamamını kontrol etmiş ve geleneksel selektif herbisit uygulamasına göre önemli verim artışı sağlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, BHU ile total herbisit kullanılarak selektif herbisit kullanımından sağlanandan daha yüksek biyolojik etkinin sağlanabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bant herbisit uygulaması
• glufosinate amonyum
• aclonifen
• ayçiçeği

Kaynakça

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