Öz
Kaynakça
- APHA. (2012). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 22nd Edition. Americans Public Health Association, Washington DC.
- Beck M.W. & Hatch L.H. (2009) A review of research on the development of lake indices of biotic integrity. Environmental Reviews 17, 21–44.
- Becker, V., Caputo, L., Ordóñez, J., Marcé, R., Armengol, J., Crossetti, L. O. & Huszar, V. L. M. (2010). Driving factors of the phytoplankton functional groups in a deep Mediterranean reservoir. Water Research 44(11), 3345–3354.
- Bica, A., Barbu-Tudoran, L., Drugǎ, B., Coman, C., Ana, N., Szöke-Nagy, T. & Dragoş, N. (2012). Desmodesmus communis (chlorophyta) from romanian freshwaters: coenobial morphology and molecular taxonomy based on the its2 of new isolates. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 17(1), 16-28.
- Brucet S., Poikane S., Lyche-Solheim A. & Sebastian B. (2013). Biological assessment of European lakes: ecological rationale and human impacts. Freshwater Biology 58, 1106–1115.
- Chen X., Wang, X., Wu, D., He, S., Kong, H. & Kawabata, Z. (2009). Seasonal variation of mixing depth and its influence on phytoplankton dynamics in the Zeya reservoir, China. Limnology 10:159–165.
- Cieszynska M., Wesolowski, M., Bartoszewicz, M., Michalska, M. & Nowacki, J. (2012). Application of physicochemical data for water-quality assessment of watercourses in the Gdansk Municipality (South Baltic coast). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 184(4), 2017-29.
- Cheshmedjiev, S., Mladenov, R., Belkinova, D., Gecheva, G., Dimitrova-Dyulgerova, I., Ivanov, P., & Mihov, S. (2010). Development of classification system and biological reference conditions for Bulgarian rivers and lakes according to the water framework directive. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 24, 155-163.
- Comité européen de normalisation (CEN). (2004). Water quality – Guidance standard for the routine analysis of phytoplankton abundance and composition using inverted microscopy (Utermöhl technique). CEN TC 230/WG 2/TG 3/N83, Brussels.
- Comité européen de normalisation (CEN). (2006). Water quality - Guidance standard on the enumeration of phytoplankton using inverted microscopy (Utermöhl technique). - European Standard EN, 15204, Brussels.
- Çelekli, A. & Öztürk, B. (2014). Determination of ecological status and ecological preferences of phytoplankton using multivariate approach in a Mediterranean reservoir. Hydrobiologia 740,115–135.
- Dale, V. H. & Beyeler, S. C. (2001). Challenges in the development and use of ecological indicators. Ecological Indicators 1, 3–10.
- Davies, S. P. & Jackson, S. K. (2006). The biological condition gradient: a descriptive model for interpreting change in aquatic ecosystems. Ecological Applications, 16, 1251–1266.
- Delgado, C. & Pardo, I. (2014). Comparison of benthic diatoms from Mediterranean and AtlanticSpanish streams: Community changes in relation to environmentalfactors. Aquatic Botany 120, 304–314. Directive. (2000). Directive 2000/60/EC of the European parliament and of the council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal of the European Communities 327, 1–72.
- Ettl, H. (1983). Chlorophyta I Phytomonadina. In: Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa. - Band 6 Gustav Fischer Verlag Stuttgart.
- European Communities (EC). (2009). Water Framework Directive intercalibration technical report. Part 2. In: Poikane S, editor. Lakes. Ispra (Italy): European Commission, Joint Research Centre.
- Figueredo, C. C. & Giani, A. (2001).Seasonal variation in the diversity and species richness of phytoplankton in a tropical eutrophic reservoir. Hydrobiologia 445, 165–174.
- Hegewald, E. (1977). Scenedesmus communis Hegewald, a new species and its relation to Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Bréb. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement. 51: Algological Studies 19, 142-155.
- Hering, D., Feld, C. K., Moog, O. & Ofenb€ock, T. (2006). Cook book for the development of a Multimetric Index for biological condition of aquatic ecosystems: experiences from the European AQEM and STAR projects and related initiatives. Hydrobiologia 566, 311–324.
- Hillebrand, H., Dürselen, C. D., Kirschtel, D., Polingher, D. & Zohary, T. (1999). Biovolume calculation for pelagic and benthic microalgae. Journal of Phycology 35, 403–424.
- Hoyer, A. B., Moreno-Ostos, E., Vidal, J., Blanco, J. M., Palomino-Torres, L. R., Basanta, A., Escot, C. & Rueda, F. J. (2009). The influence of external perturbations on the functional composition of phytoplankton in a Mediterranean reservoir. Hydrobiologia 636, 49–64. Johnson, R. K., Hering, D., Furse, M. T. & Verdonschot, P.F.M. (2006) Indicators of ecological change: comparison of the early response of four organism groups to stress gradients. Hydrobiologia 566, 139–152.
- Johnson, R. K. & Hering, D. (2009) Response of taxonomic groups in streams to gradients in resource and habitat characteristics. Journal of Applied Ecology, 46, 175–186.
- Juggins, S. & ter Braak, C. F. J. (1992). CALIBRATE-Program for species-environment calibration by (weighted averaging) partial least squares regression. Environmental Change Res Cent University College London
- Leira, M., Chen, G., Dalton, C., Irvine, K. & Taylor, D. (2009). Patterns in freshwaterdiatom taxonomic distinctness along an eutrophication gradient. Freshwater Biology 54, 1–4.
- Katsiapi, M., Moustaka-Gouni, M., Michaloudi, E. & Kormas, K. A. (2011). Phytoplankton and water quality in a Mediterranean drinking-water reservoir (Marathonas Reservoir, Greece). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 181, 563–575.
- Karr, J. R. (1981). Assessment of biotic integrity using fish communities. Fisheries, 6, 21–27.
- Karr, J. R. & Chu, E. W. (1999). Restoring Life in Running Waters: Better Biological Monitoring. Island Press, Washington, DC.
- Komàrek, J. & Jonkovskà, V. (2001). Review of the Green Algal Genus Pediastrum; Implication for Pollen-analytical Research. Bibliotheca Phycologica. Cramer J. Berlin-Stuttgart, pp. 108.
- Komárek, J. & Anagnostidis, K. (1998). Cyanoprokaryota Chroococcales In: Susswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. - Gustav Fisher Jena.
- Komárek, J. & Fott, B. (1983). Chlorophyceae (Grünalgen) Ordnung: Chlorococcales In: Huber–Pestallozi – Das Phytoplankton des Süßwassers Systematik und Biologie 7 Teil, 1 Hälfte E Schweizerbart`sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart. Krammer, K. & Lange–Bertalot, H. (1991a). Bacillariophyceae. 3 Teil: Centrales, Fragilariaceae, Eunotiaceae In: Ettl, H., Gerloff, J., Heynig, H. & Mollenhauer, D. (Hrsgb.), Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Band 2. - Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.
- Krammer, K. & Lange–Bertalot, H. (1991b). Bacillariophyceae. 4 Teil: Achnanthaceae. Kritische Erganzungen zu Navicula (Lineolatae) und Gomphonema. In: Ettl, H., Gartner, G., Gerloff, J., Heynig, H. & Mollenhauer, D. (Hrsgb.), Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Band 2. - Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.
- Krammer, K. & Lange–Bertalot, H. (1999a). Bacillariophyceae. 1 Teil: Naviculaceae In: Ettl, H., Gerloff, J., Heynig, H. & Mollenhauer, D. (Hrsgb.), Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Band 2. - Akademischer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin.
- Krammer, K. & Lange–Bertalot, H. (1999b). Bacillariophyceae. 2 Teil: Bacillariaceae, Epithemiaceae, Surirellaceae In: Ettl, H., Gerloff, J., Heynig, H. & Mollenhauer, D. (Hrsgb.), Süßwasser–flora von Mitteleuropa. Band 2. - Akademischer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin.
- Lund, J. W. G., Kipling, C. D. & Le Cren, E. (1958). The Inverted microscope method of estimating algal numbers and statistical basis of estimations by counting. Hydrobiologia 11, 143-170.
- Marchetto, A., Padedda, B. M., Mariani, M. A., Lugliè, A. & Sechi, N. (2009). A numerical index for evaluating phytoplankton response to changes in nutrient levels in deep Mediterranean reservoirs. Journal of Limnology 68, 106–121.
- Molina-Navarro, E., Martínez-Perez, S., Sastre-Merlín, A., Verdugo-Althöfer, M. & Padisák, J. (2014). Phytoplankton and suitability of derived metrics for assessing the ecological status in a limno-reservoir, a Water Framework Directive nondefined type of Mediterranean water body. Lake and Reservoir Management 30, 46–62.
- Negro, A. I., De Hoyos, C. & Vega, J. C. (2000). Phytoplankton structure and dynamics in Lake Sanabria and Valparáıso reservoir (NW Spain). Hydrobiologia 424, 25–37.
- Padisák J., Borics, G., Grigorszky, I. & Soróczki-Pintér, E. (2006). Use of phytoplankton assemblages for monitoring ecological status of lakes within the Water Framework Directive: the assemblage index. Hydrobiologia 553, 1–14.
- Pasztaleniec, A. & Poniewozik, M. (2004). Pediastrum species (Hydrodictyaceae, Sphaeropleales) in phytoplankton of Sumin Lake (Łęczna-Włodawa lakeland). Acta societatis botanicorum Poloniae 73 (1), 39-46.
- Phillips, G., Lyche-Solheim, A., Skjelbred, B., Mischke, U., Drakare, S., Free, G., Järvinen, M., de Hoyos, C., Morabito, G. & Poikane, S. (2013). A phytoplankton trophic index to assess the status of lakes for the Water Framework Directive. Hydrobiologia 704, 75–95.
- Poikane, S., van den Berg, M., Hellsten, S., de Hoyos, C., Ortiz-Casas, J., Pall, K., Portielje, R., Phillips, G., Solheim, A. L. & Tierney, D. (2011). Lake ecological assessment systems and intercalibration for the European Water Framework Directive: aims, achievements and further challenges. Procedia Environmental Sciences 9, 153–168.
- Reynolds, C. S. (1984). The ecology of freshwater phytoplankton. Cambridge: - Cambridge University Press, pp. 384.
- Reynolds, C. S., Huszar, V., Kruk, C., Naselli–Flores, L. & Melo, S. (2002). Towards a functional classification of the freshwater phytoplankton, review. Journal of Plankton Research 24(5), 417-428. Salmaso, N., Morabito, G., Buzzi, F., Garibaldi, L., Simona, M. & Mosello, R. (2006). Phytoplankton as an Indicator of the Water Quality of the Deep Lakes South of the Alps. Hydrobiologia. 536, 167-187.
- Sevindik, T. O., Çelik, K. & Naselli-Flores, L. (2017). Spatial heterogeneity and seasonal succession of phytoplankton functional groups along the vertical gradient in a mesotrophic reservoir. Annales de limnologie-International Journal of Limnology 53, 129-141.
- Soares, M. C. S., Marinho, M. M., Huszar, V. L. M., Branco, C. W. C. & Azevedo, S. M. F. O. (2008). The effects of water retention time and watershed features on the limnology of two tropical reservoirs in Brazil. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management 13, 257–269.
- Straškraba M. (1999). Retention time as a key variable of reservoir limnology. In: Theoretical Reservoir Ecology and its Applications (eds T. G. Tundisi & M. Straskraba) pp. 385–410. International Institute of Ecology, Brazilian Academy and Backhuys Publishers, São Carlos, Brazil.
- Sun, J. & Liu, D. (2003). Geometric models for calculating cell biovolume and surface area for phytoplankton. Journal of Plankton Research 25, 1331–1346.
- ter Braak, C. J. F. & Smilauer, P. (1998). CANOCO reference manual and user’s guide to CANOCO for windows (version 4). Center for biometry, Wageningen New York.
- Utermöhl, H. (1958). Zur Vervollkommnung der quantitativen phytoplankton–methodik. Mitteilungen Internationale Vereinigung Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 9:1-38.
- Van Dam. H., Mertens, A. & Sinkeldam, J. (1994). A coded checklist and ecological indi-cator values of freshwater diatoms from The Netherlands. Netherlands. Journal of Aquatic Ecology 28, 117–184.
- Wallis, C., Seon-Massin, N., Martini, F. & Schouppe, M. (2012). Implementation of the Water Framework Directive when ecosystem services come into play. Onema Meetings Recap.
- Wehr, J. D. & Sheath, R. G. (2003). Freshwater algae of North America: Ecology and Classification. - Academic Press, San Jose.
Öz
Avrupa Birliği Su Çerçeve Direktifi’nin uygulanmasıyla
birlikte su kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi büyük önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmada,
Türkiye’nin Kuzey Ege Nehir Havzası’nda bulunan üç barajın su kalitesi Akdeniz
Fitoplankton Trofik İndeksi (Med-PTI) ve Fitoplankton Trofik İndeksi (PTI)
kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler üç barajdan 2014 ve 2015 yaz dönemi
arasında mevsimsel olarak toplanmıştır. Üç baraj alkali su özelliği
göstermiştir. En yüksek nutrient değerleri olarak TP (203,5 µg L-1) Bayramiç Baraj Gölü’nde ve TN (1012,0 µg L-1) Sevişler Barajı’nde kaydedilmiştir.
Toplamda 120 tür teşhis edilmiş ve türlerin çoğunluğu Bacillariophyta ile
temsil edilmiştir. Fitoplankton türleri ve çevresel değişkenler arasındaki
ilişki multivaryete analizler ile incelenmiştir. Fitoplankton kompozisyonu ve dağılımı
çevresel değişkenler yönetmiştir. Toplam fosfor, ortofosfat, toplam Kjeldahl
azotu, biyolojik oksijen ihtiyacı, toplam organik karbon ve sıcaklık en önemli
faktörler olmuştur. İlk iki CCA ekseni tür verisinin kümülatif yüzde
varyansının %31’ini %97,7 tür-çevre korelasyonu ile açıklamış ve durum Monte
Carlo testi (p= 0,002 ve F = 1,157) ile
doğrulanmıştır. Med-PTI, Ayvacık ve Bayramiç Barajları için iyi su kalitesini gösterirken
Sevişler Barajı’nı orta su kalitesinde indike etmiştir. PTI’ye göre Bayramiç ve
Sevişler Barajları orta ekolojik durumda sınıflandırılmışken Ayvacık Barajı iyi
su kalitesinde indike edilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, Med-PTI ve PTI’nin Kuzey Ege
Havzası’nda bulunan barajların su kalitesinin değerlendirilmesinde uygun
metrikler olduğu görülmüştür.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- APHA. (2012). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 22nd Edition. Americans Public Health Association, Washington DC.
- Beck M.W. & Hatch L.H. (2009) A review of research on the development of lake indices of biotic integrity. Environmental Reviews 17, 21–44.
- Becker, V., Caputo, L., Ordóñez, J., Marcé, R., Armengol, J., Crossetti, L. O. & Huszar, V. L. M. (2010). Driving factors of the phytoplankton functional groups in a deep Mediterranean reservoir. Water Research 44(11), 3345–3354.
- Bica, A., Barbu-Tudoran, L., Drugǎ, B., Coman, C., Ana, N., Szöke-Nagy, T. & Dragoş, N. (2012). Desmodesmus communis (chlorophyta) from romanian freshwaters: coenobial morphology and molecular taxonomy based on the its2 of new isolates. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 17(1), 16-28.
- Brucet S., Poikane S., Lyche-Solheim A. & Sebastian B. (2013). Biological assessment of European lakes: ecological rationale and human impacts. Freshwater Biology 58, 1106–1115.
- Chen X., Wang, X., Wu, D., He, S., Kong, H. & Kawabata, Z. (2009). Seasonal variation of mixing depth and its influence on phytoplankton dynamics in the Zeya reservoir, China. Limnology 10:159–165.
- Cieszynska M., Wesolowski, M., Bartoszewicz, M., Michalska, M. & Nowacki, J. (2012). Application of physicochemical data for water-quality assessment of watercourses in the Gdansk Municipality (South Baltic coast). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 184(4), 2017-29.
- Cheshmedjiev, S., Mladenov, R., Belkinova, D., Gecheva, G., Dimitrova-Dyulgerova, I., Ivanov, P., & Mihov, S. (2010). Development of classification system and biological reference conditions for Bulgarian rivers and lakes according to the water framework directive. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 24, 155-163.
- Comité européen de normalisation (CEN). (2004). Water quality – Guidance standard for the routine analysis of phytoplankton abundance and composition using inverted microscopy (Utermöhl technique). CEN TC 230/WG 2/TG 3/N83, Brussels.
- Comité européen de normalisation (CEN). (2006). Water quality - Guidance standard on the enumeration of phytoplankton using inverted microscopy (Utermöhl technique). - European Standard EN, 15204, Brussels.
- Çelekli, A. & Öztürk, B. (2014). Determination of ecological status and ecological preferences of phytoplankton using multivariate approach in a Mediterranean reservoir. Hydrobiologia 740,115–135.
- Dale, V. H. & Beyeler, S. C. (2001). Challenges in the development and use of ecological indicators. Ecological Indicators 1, 3–10.
- Davies, S. P. & Jackson, S. K. (2006). The biological condition gradient: a descriptive model for interpreting change in aquatic ecosystems. Ecological Applications, 16, 1251–1266.
- Delgado, C. & Pardo, I. (2014). Comparison of benthic diatoms from Mediterranean and AtlanticSpanish streams: Community changes in relation to environmentalfactors. Aquatic Botany 120, 304–314. Directive. (2000). Directive 2000/60/EC of the European parliament and of the council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal of the European Communities 327, 1–72.
- Ettl, H. (1983). Chlorophyta I Phytomonadina. In: Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa. - Band 6 Gustav Fischer Verlag Stuttgart.
- European Communities (EC). (2009). Water Framework Directive intercalibration technical report. Part 2. In: Poikane S, editor. Lakes. Ispra (Italy): European Commission, Joint Research Centre.
- Figueredo, C. C. & Giani, A. (2001).Seasonal variation in the diversity and species richness of phytoplankton in a tropical eutrophic reservoir. Hydrobiologia 445, 165–174.
- Hegewald, E. (1977). Scenedesmus communis Hegewald, a new species and its relation to Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Bréb. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement. 51: Algological Studies 19, 142-155.
- Hering, D., Feld, C. K., Moog, O. & Ofenb€ock, T. (2006). Cook book for the development of a Multimetric Index for biological condition of aquatic ecosystems: experiences from the European AQEM and STAR projects and related initiatives. Hydrobiologia 566, 311–324.
- Hillebrand, H., Dürselen, C. D., Kirschtel, D., Polingher, D. & Zohary, T. (1999). Biovolume calculation for pelagic and benthic microalgae. Journal of Phycology 35, 403–424.
- Hoyer, A. B., Moreno-Ostos, E., Vidal, J., Blanco, J. M., Palomino-Torres, L. R., Basanta, A., Escot, C. & Rueda, F. J. (2009). The influence of external perturbations on the functional composition of phytoplankton in a Mediterranean reservoir. Hydrobiologia 636, 49–64. Johnson, R. K., Hering, D., Furse, M. T. & Verdonschot, P.F.M. (2006) Indicators of ecological change: comparison of the early response of four organism groups to stress gradients. Hydrobiologia 566, 139–152.
- Johnson, R. K. & Hering, D. (2009) Response of taxonomic groups in streams to gradients in resource and habitat characteristics. Journal of Applied Ecology, 46, 175–186.
- Juggins, S. & ter Braak, C. F. J. (1992). CALIBRATE-Program for species-environment calibration by (weighted averaging) partial least squares regression. Environmental Change Res Cent University College London
- Leira, M., Chen, G., Dalton, C., Irvine, K. & Taylor, D. (2009). Patterns in freshwaterdiatom taxonomic distinctness along an eutrophication gradient. Freshwater Biology 54, 1–4.
- Katsiapi, M., Moustaka-Gouni, M., Michaloudi, E. & Kormas, K. A. (2011). Phytoplankton and water quality in a Mediterranean drinking-water reservoir (Marathonas Reservoir, Greece). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 181, 563–575.
- Karr, J. R. (1981). Assessment of biotic integrity using fish communities. Fisheries, 6, 21–27.
- Karr, J. R. & Chu, E. W. (1999). Restoring Life in Running Waters: Better Biological Monitoring. Island Press, Washington, DC.
- Komàrek, J. & Jonkovskà, V. (2001). Review of the Green Algal Genus Pediastrum; Implication for Pollen-analytical Research. Bibliotheca Phycologica. Cramer J. Berlin-Stuttgart, pp. 108.
- Komárek, J. & Anagnostidis, K. (1998). Cyanoprokaryota Chroococcales In: Susswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. - Gustav Fisher Jena.
- Komárek, J. & Fott, B. (1983). Chlorophyceae (Grünalgen) Ordnung: Chlorococcales In: Huber–Pestallozi – Das Phytoplankton des Süßwassers Systematik und Biologie 7 Teil, 1 Hälfte E Schweizerbart`sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart. Krammer, K. & Lange–Bertalot, H. (1991a). Bacillariophyceae. 3 Teil: Centrales, Fragilariaceae, Eunotiaceae In: Ettl, H., Gerloff, J., Heynig, H. & Mollenhauer, D. (Hrsgb.), Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Band 2. - Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.
- Krammer, K. & Lange–Bertalot, H. (1991b). Bacillariophyceae. 4 Teil: Achnanthaceae. Kritische Erganzungen zu Navicula (Lineolatae) und Gomphonema. In: Ettl, H., Gartner, G., Gerloff, J., Heynig, H. & Mollenhauer, D. (Hrsgb.), Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Band 2. - Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.
- Krammer, K. & Lange–Bertalot, H. (1999a). Bacillariophyceae. 1 Teil: Naviculaceae In: Ettl, H., Gerloff, J., Heynig, H. & Mollenhauer, D. (Hrsgb.), Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Band 2. - Akademischer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin.
- Krammer, K. & Lange–Bertalot, H. (1999b). Bacillariophyceae. 2 Teil: Bacillariaceae, Epithemiaceae, Surirellaceae In: Ettl, H., Gerloff, J., Heynig, H. & Mollenhauer, D. (Hrsgb.), Süßwasser–flora von Mitteleuropa. Band 2. - Akademischer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin.
- Lund, J. W. G., Kipling, C. D. & Le Cren, E. (1958). The Inverted microscope method of estimating algal numbers and statistical basis of estimations by counting. Hydrobiologia 11, 143-170.
- Marchetto, A., Padedda, B. M., Mariani, M. A., Lugliè, A. & Sechi, N. (2009). A numerical index for evaluating phytoplankton response to changes in nutrient levels in deep Mediterranean reservoirs. Journal of Limnology 68, 106–121.
- Molina-Navarro, E., Martínez-Perez, S., Sastre-Merlín, A., Verdugo-Althöfer, M. & Padisák, J. (2014). Phytoplankton and suitability of derived metrics for assessing the ecological status in a limno-reservoir, a Water Framework Directive nondefined type of Mediterranean water body. Lake and Reservoir Management 30, 46–62.
- Negro, A. I., De Hoyos, C. & Vega, J. C. (2000). Phytoplankton structure and dynamics in Lake Sanabria and Valparáıso reservoir (NW Spain). Hydrobiologia 424, 25–37.
- Padisák J., Borics, G., Grigorszky, I. & Soróczki-Pintér, E. (2006). Use of phytoplankton assemblages for monitoring ecological status of lakes within the Water Framework Directive: the assemblage index. Hydrobiologia 553, 1–14.
- Pasztaleniec, A. & Poniewozik, M. (2004). Pediastrum species (Hydrodictyaceae, Sphaeropleales) in phytoplankton of Sumin Lake (Łęczna-Włodawa lakeland). Acta societatis botanicorum Poloniae 73 (1), 39-46.
- Phillips, G., Lyche-Solheim, A., Skjelbred, B., Mischke, U., Drakare, S., Free, G., Järvinen, M., de Hoyos, C., Morabito, G. & Poikane, S. (2013). A phytoplankton trophic index to assess the status of lakes for the Water Framework Directive. Hydrobiologia 704, 75–95.
- Poikane, S., van den Berg, M., Hellsten, S., de Hoyos, C., Ortiz-Casas, J., Pall, K., Portielje, R., Phillips, G., Solheim, A. L. & Tierney, D. (2011). Lake ecological assessment systems and intercalibration for the European Water Framework Directive: aims, achievements and further challenges. Procedia Environmental Sciences 9, 153–168.
- Reynolds, C. S. (1984). The ecology of freshwater phytoplankton. Cambridge: - Cambridge University Press, pp. 384.
- Reynolds, C. S., Huszar, V., Kruk, C., Naselli–Flores, L. & Melo, S. (2002). Towards a functional classification of the freshwater phytoplankton, review. Journal of Plankton Research 24(5), 417-428. Salmaso, N., Morabito, G., Buzzi, F., Garibaldi, L., Simona, M. & Mosello, R. (2006). Phytoplankton as an Indicator of the Water Quality of the Deep Lakes South of the Alps. Hydrobiologia. 536, 167-187.
- Sevindik, T. O., Çelik, K. & Naselli-Flores, L. (2017). Spatial heterogeneity and seasonal succession of phytoplankton functional groups along the vertical gradient in a mesotrophic reservoir. Annales de limnologie-International Journal of Limnology 53, 129-141.
- Soares, M. C. S., Marinho, M. M., Huszar, V. L. M., Branco, C. W. C. & Azevedo, S. M. F. O. (2008). The effects of water retention time and watershed features on the limnology of two tropical reservoirs in Brazil. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management 13, 257–269.
- Straškraba M. (1999). Retention time as a key variable of reservoir limnology. In: Theoretical Reservoir Ecology and its Applications (eds T. G. Tundisi & M. Straskraba) pp. 385–410. International Institute of Ecology, Brazilian Academy and Backhuys Publishers, São Carlos, Brazil.
- Sun, J. & Liu, D. (2003). Geometric models for calculating cell biovolume and surface area for phytoplankton. Journal of Plankton Research 25, 1331–1346.
- ter Braak, C. J. F. & Smilauer, P. (1998). CANOCO reference manual and user’s guide to CANOCO for windows (version 4). Center for biometry, Wageningen New York.
- Utermöhl, H. (1958). Zur Vervollkommnung der quantitativen phytoplankton–methodik. Mitteilungen Internationale Vereinigung Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 9:1-38.
- Van Dam. H., Mertens, A. & Sinkeldam, J. (1994). A coded checklist and ecological indi-cator values of freshwater diatoms from The Netherlands. Netherlands. Journal of Aquatic Ecology 28, 117–184.
- Wallis, C., Seon-Massin, N., Martini, F. & Schouppe, M. (2012). Implementation of the Water Framework Directive when ecosystem services come into play. Onema Meetings Recap.
- Wehr, J. D. & Sheath, R. G. (2003). Freshwater algae of North America: Ecology and Classification. - Academic Press, San Jose.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | TÜRKİYE SU BİLİMLERİ VE YÖNETİMİ DERGİSİ |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 24 Ocak 2018 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1 |
Cited By
Common Diatoms of Phytobenthos in Gediz River Basin
Turkish Journal of Water Science and Management
Cüneyt Nadir SOLAK
https://doi.org/10.31807/tjwsm.492214
Determination of ecological statuses of streams in the Ceyhan River Basin using composition and ecological characteristics of diatoms
Environmental Science and Pollution Research
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33518-0
TJWSM expects all stakeholders to bear the following ethical responsibilities within the scope of publication ethics.
The following ethical duties and responsibilities have been prepared as open access, taking into account guidelines and policies published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
Ethical Responsibilities of Authors
· Copyright fee cannot be claimed for the articles submitted to the journal or published in the journal.
· Author’s submissions are expected to be original.
· The references used in text and utilized should be written in the end-text references completely and suitable for basic rules of APA.
· Those who wish to withdraw their submitted paper for publication due to delays or other reasons should apply with a letter.
· The author (s) may be asked for raw data on their manuscripts within the framework of the evaluation process, in which case the author (s) should be prepared to submit the expected data and information to the editorial board and the scientific board.
· The author (s) have an obligation to cooperate with the editor to inform, correct or withdraw the journal editor or publisher if he / she discovers any errors or errors in the published, early appearance or evaluation phase.
· After starting the evaluation process of article, it is not possible to change the author responsibilities (such as adding an author, reordering of author names, removing the author).
· Authors should be provided with explanatory and informative notification and return to the editors.
· The authors should not contradict the ethics of scientific research and publication.
Ethical Responsibilities of Editors
TJWSM editors and field editors should have the following ethical duties and responsibilities on the basis of COPE Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors and COPE Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) as open access.
General Duties and Responsibilities
Editors are responsible for every publication in TJWSM. In this respect, editors have the following roles and obligations:
· Making efforts to meet the information needs of readers and writers,
· Ensuring the continuous development of the journal,
· Conducting processes to improve the quality of the studies published in the journal,
· Supporting freedom of thought,
· Ensuring academic integrity,
· Continuing processes without compromising intellectual rights and ethical standards,
· Demonstrate clarity and transparency in terms of publication in matters requiring correction, clarification.
Relations with the Readers
Editors should make decisions based on the knowledge, skills and expectations of all readers, researchers and practitioners that they need. In addition, the editors are obliged to take into account of feedback from readers, researchers and practitioners and provide explanatory and informative feedback. They should pay attention to the fact that the published works should provide readers, researchers, practitioners for scientific contributions and be original..
Relations with Authors
• Editors should make positive or negative decisions based on the importance of the work, original value, validity, clarity of expression and the aims and objectives of the journal.
• The studies that are in compliance with the publication scope should be taken to the pre-evaluation stage unless there is a serious problem.
• Editors should not ignore the favorable referee recommendations unless there is a serious problem with the work.
• New editors should not change the decisions made by the previous editor (s) for the work, unless there is a serious problem.
• "Blind Judging and Evaluation Process" must be published and editors should avoid deviations from the defined processes.
• Editors should publish an Author's Guide, updated periodically, which provide details of every topic to be expected by the authors.
Relations with Referees
• Editors should select referees according to the subject of the study.
• Editors oblige to provide the information and guides that referee’s need during the evaluation phase.
• Editors must observe whether there is a conflict of interest between authors and referees.
• The referees' identity information must be kept confidential.
• Encourage referees to consider working in an unbiased, scientific and objective.
• Evaluate referees with criteria such as timely return and performance.
• Develop policies and practices to improve the performance of referees.
• Take the necessary steps to dynamically update the referee pool.
• Prevent disrespectful and unscientific assessments.
Relations with Editorial Board
Editors should ensure that all editorial board members implement the processes according to editorial policies and guidelines and also should inform the members about the publication policies and developments. The editors must train new ones and provide the information they need.
In addition, editors;
• Ensure that the editorial board members evaluate the work impartially and independently.
• To select new editorial board members who are merit.
• Send manuscripts for review based on the subject of expertise of the editorial board members.
• Interact regularly with the editorial board.
• Organize meetings with the editorial board periodically for the development of publishing policies and journals.
Editorial and Blind Arbitration Processes
The Journal’s "Blind Arbitration and Evaluation Process" policies in the publication policies. In this context, the editors ensure that the fair, impartial and timely evaluation of each work is completed. Editors are obliged to comply with the policies of "Blind Review and Review Process" stated in the journal's publication policies. Therefore, the editors ensure that each manuscript is reviewed in an unbiased, fair and timely manner.
Quality assurance
Editors are responsible for the publication of each article in accordance with journals’ publishing policies and international standards.
Protection of personal data
Editors are responsible for protecting the individual data of the authors, referees and readers.
Ethics committee, human and animal rights
Editors are to ensure the protection of human and animal rights in the studies evaluated. Ethics committee should be responsible for rejection of the studies that have no permission for experimental research.
Measures against possible abuse and misconduct
Editors are obliged to take measures against possible abuse and misconduct. In addition to conducting a rigorous and objective investigation for the identification and evaluation of complaints, the editors are also responsible for sharing the findings.
Ensuring the integrity of academic publications
Editors should ensure that errors, inconsistencies or misleading in the work are quickly corrected.
Protection of intellectual property rights
Editors are to protect the intellectual property rights of all published articles and to defend the rights of journal and author (s) in case of possible violations.
Creativity and openness to discussion
Editors should take into account the persuasive criticisms of the works published in the journal and take a constructive attitude towards these criticisms.
They should give chance to the author (s) to respond to the review comments. They should not ignore or exclude studies having negative results.
Complaints
Editors are obliged to examine the complaints coming from the authors, referees or readers carefully and to respond explanatory manner.
Political and commercial concerns
The owner, publisher and any other political and commercial elements must not affect the editors’ independent decision-making.
Conflicts of interest
Editors should ensures that the manuscripts are completed in an independent and impartial manner. They should take into account conflicts of interest among the author (s), the referees and other editors.
Responsibilities of Referees
TJWSM’ assessment process is carried out with the principle of double-blinded refereeing. Meanwhile the referees cannot contact the authors directly. Reviews and comments are communicated through the journal management system. In this process, referee comments on evaluation forms and full texts are forwarded to the author (s) via the editor. In this context, the referees evaluating work for TJWSM are expected to have the following ethical responsibilities:
• Articles submitted to the journal are subject to at least two referees
• If one of the two referees gives a negative opinion, the manuscript is directed to a third referee or the editor to make the final decision.
• Assessments should be impartial.
• Referees must be experts in the article’s subject matter.
• Referees should not be in conflict of interest with research, authors and / or research funders.
• Checked articles should be kept confidential.
• They should dispose of the studies after reviewing with respect to the principle of confidentiality. They can only use the final versions of the studies they have reviewed after they are published.
• Evaluation should be objective in relation to the content of the study. Nationality, gender, religious beliefs, political beliefs and commercial concerns should not be allowed to influence assessment.
• Referees should evaluate article in a constructive and polite language. Do not make humiliating personal comments that include hostility, slander and insult.
• In case of any abuse of the author (s) (eg plagiarism or similar unethical activities), they should immediately inform the editor.
• Referees must adhere to and apply the ethical rules to which the author of the article is assessed.
• Referees should carry out the work they accept to evaluate in a timely manner
Editorial Board Members Ethical Responsibilities
The Editorial Board Members should be aware of the following ethical responsibilities:
• Editors does not demand any fee from the authors.
• Editors are responsible for all processes of the work sent to TJWSM. Thus editors who make decisions regardless of economic or political gains.
• Editors make independent decision.
• TJWSM protects copyright of each published article and keeps records of each published copy.
• TJWSM keeps the database accessible over the internet.
• Has the responsibility to take all kinds of scientific misconduct, citation and plagiarism-related measures for editors.
Actions Contrary to the Ethics of Scientific Research and Publication :
Plagiarism: To present the ideas, methods, data, applications, writings, forms or works of others as part of their own work without referring to the scientific rules.
Fraud: Producing data that is not based on research, editing or modifying the submitted or published work based on unrealistic data, reporting or publishing them, portray
Distortion: To falsify research records and obtained data, to show the methods devices and materials not used in the research as if they are used, not to evaluate data that are not supporting the research hypothesis, to play with data and / or results in order to fit relevant theories or assumptions in line with the interests of the persons and organizations supported, to falsify or shape research results.
Republishing: To present more than one work containing the same results of a research as if they are separate works for using in academic promotions.
Slicing: To present the results of a research as separate works in the evaluation of associate professorship examinations and academic promotions by disrupting the integrity of the research, disaggregating it inappropriately and making numerous publications without referring to each other.
Unfair authorship: To include people who do not have active contributions to the authors, not to include those who have active contributions to the authors, to change the order of the author in an unjustified and inappropriate manner, to remove the names of those who have active contributions during publication or in subsequent editions, and to use their names even though they do not have active contributions.
Other types of ethical violations: Not to specify the publication of the research conducted by the people, institutions or organizations that support the research and their contributions to the research, to disobey ethical rules of human and animal research, not to respect for patient rights in publications, referees share field information with others before publication, to use the resources, spaces, facilities and equipment provided or reserved for scientific research without purpose, and to accuse completely unjustified, unwarranted and deliberate violation of ethics (YÖK Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive, Article 8).
If you encounter an unethical situation
If you notice significant errors or inaccuracies in an article published in TJWSM, or if you encounter any ethical conduct or content other than those mentioned above, please email waterjournal@tarimorman.gov.tr . Complaints will provide an opportunity for us to improve, so we welcome complaints and aim to return quickly and constructively