ALEVİ-SÜNNİ EVLİLİKLERİNİN AİLE İLİŞKİLERİ İLE ÇOCUK YETİŞTİRME ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ VE SOSYAL DAMGALAMA

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Alevi-Sünni gruplar arası evliliklerinin; eşler arası ilişkiler, çocuk yetiştirme, aile ve akrabalarla olan ilişkiler üzerine etkileri ve bu evliliklerle ilgili sosyal damgalamayı incelemektir. Alevi-Sünni gruplar arası evlilikleri üzerine yapılmış çalışmalar yok denecek kadar azdır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma, Alevi-Sünni evliliklerinin sözü edilen ilişkiler üzerine etkisini ve sosyal damgalamayı keşfederek mevcut kaynak ihtiyacını gidermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Alan araştırması kapsamında, Çorum ilinde yaşayan yirmi kişi on çift kartopu ve amaçlı örneklem metodu kullanılarak seçilmiştir. Bütün eşlerle birebir ve yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Görüşmelerde veri toplama araçları olarak, yarı-yapılandırılmış soru kâğıdı, sosyo-demoğrafik soru kâğıdı ve katılımcı gözlem metodu kullanılmıştır. Sonuçta, Alevi-Sünni evliliklerinin, eşlerin birbiriyle olan ilişkilerine ve çocuk yetiştirme üzerine belirgin bir etkisinin olmadığı görülmüştür. Buna karşın çiftlerin, bu evliliklerden dolayı aile ve akrabalarıyla çok ciddi problemler yaşadıkları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca aileler, akrabalar ve toplum tarafından bu evliliklerle ilgili sosyal damgalama yapıldığı görülmüştür. Alevi-Sünni evliliklerinin farklı yönlerinin tespit edilebilmesi için disiplinler arası daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alevi, Sünni, Gruplar arası evlilik, İlişkiler, Sosyal damgalama

IMPACTS OF ALAOUITE-SUNNI INTERMARRIAGE ON THE FAMILIAL RELATIONSHIPS AND CHILD-REARING, AND SOCIAL STIGMA

Öz

The purpose of this study is to explore how Alevi-Sunni intermarriage affects the relationships of couples, child-rearing, relationships of couples with their parents and relatives, and social stigma on intermarriage. It is almost impossible to find any study about such intermarriages and their influences on such relationships. Therefore, this research aims to fulfill the lack of the literature on the topic by examining the different dimensions of this phenomenon. Qualitative research methods have been used in the study. Case study method with snowball and purposeful sampling was applied to obtain the respondents. Data were gathered by having interviews with twenty interviewees ten couples living in Çorum province, Turkey, by using semi-structured questionnaire along with socio-demographic questionnaire and participant observation. Finally, it has been concluded that Alevi-Sunni intermarriage does not affect relationship of spouses, and is not much influential on child-rearing. However, it highly and generally influences the spouses’ relationships with their families and relatives. In addition, couples of Alevi-Sunni intermarriage suffer from social stigma. Therefore, there needs to be more interdisciplinary research in order to detect different aspects of AlewiSunni intermarriages

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alewi, Sunni, Intermarriage, Relationships, Social Stigma

Kaynakça

1. American Medical Association, J. A. M. A. I. C. (1937). “A study of intermarriage” Ame- rican Medical Association.Journal, 108:314-314. http://search.ebscohost.com/login. aspx?direct=true&db=flh&AN=MRB-CDAS0012608&site=ehost-live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 10.12.2010.
2. Baber, R. (1937). “A study of 325 mixed marriages” American Sociological Review, 2(5): 705-716. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=1284813 1&site=ehost-live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 14.12.2010.
3. Balkanlıoğlu, M. A. (2011a). Influence of Alevi-Sunni intermarriage on the spouses’ religi- ous affiliation, family relations, and social environment: A qualitative study of Turkish couples. Doktora tezi. Texas: University of North Texas.
4. Balkanlıoğlu, M. A. (2011b). “Influence of Alevi-Sunni intermarriage on the spouses’ religio- us affiliation” The Journal of International Social Research”, 4(19): 298-316
5. Barron, M. L. (1951). Research on intermarriage: “A survey of accomplishments and pros- pects” American Journal of Sociology, 57(3): 249-255. http://search.ebscohost.com/ login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=19035624&site=ehost-live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 10.12.2010.
6. Bisin, A., Topa, G., & Verdier, T. (2004). “Religious intermarriage and socialization in the United States” Journal of Political Economy, 112(3): 615-664. http://search.ebscohost. com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=13118976&site=ehost-live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 14.12.2010.
7. Bossard J. H. S., & Boll, E. S. (1957). One marriage, two faiths: Guidance on interfaith mar- riage. New York: Ronald Press.
8. Bugelski, B. R. (1961). “Assimilation through intermarriage” Social Forces, 40(2):148 153. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=13566035&site=e host-live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 15.12.2010.

9. Burchinal, L. G., & Chancellor, L. E. (1962). “Ages at marriage, occupations of grooms and interreligious marriage rates” Social Forces, 40(4): 348-354. http://search.ebscohost. com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=13509630&site=ehost-live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 13.12.2010.
10. Çatlı, G. (2008). İstanbul ve Nevşehir’de Alevi-Sünni evliliğinin antropojik açıdan incelen- mesi. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul: Yeditepe University.
11. Cavan, R. S. (1970). “Concepts and terminology in interreligious marriage” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 9(4):311-320. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.as px?direct=true&db=sih&AN=12203005&site=ehost-live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 14.12.2010.
12. Cerroni-Long, E. (1985). “Marrying out: Socio-cultural and psychological implications of intermarriage” Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 16(1):26-46. http://se- arch.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=26h&AN=13426224&site=ehost- live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 12.12.2010.
13. Chiswick, C. U., & Lehrer, E. L. (1991). “Religious intermarriage: An economic perspecti- ve” Contemporary Jewry, 12(1): 21-34. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct =true&db=sih&AN=11559667&site=ehost-live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 10.12.2010.
14. Degler, C., N. (1971). Neither Black nor White. New York: Macmillan.
15. Glick, P. C. (1970). “Intermarriage among ethnic groups in the United Sta- tes” Social Biology, 17(4):292-298. http://search.ebscohost.com/login. aspx?direct=true&db=flh&AN=MED-5538267&site=ehost-live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 16.12.2010.
16. Greenstein, D., & Carlson, J. (1993). “Counseling with interfaith couples”Individual Psychology:The Journal of Adlerian Theory, Research & Practice, 49(3): 428. http:// search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=9406100213&site=eho st-live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 17.12.2010.
17. Gündüz-Hoşgör, A., & Smits, J. (2002). “Intermarriage between Turks and Kurds in contem- porary Turkey - inter-ethnic relations in an urbanizing environment” European Sociolo- gical Review, 18 (4): 417-432.
18. Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life. (2008, February). U.S. Religious landscape survey religious affiliation: Diverse and dynamic. http://religions.pewforum.org/pdf/report- religious-landscape-study-full.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 11.12.2010.
19. Reiss, P. J. (1965). “The trend in interfaith marriages” Journal for the Scientific Study of Reli- gion, 5(1): 64-67. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN= 12191369&site=ehost-live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 12.12.2010.
20. Roopnarine, J. L., & Gielen, U. P. (Eds.). (2005). Families in global perspective. Boston: Pearson Education.
21. Salisbury, W. S. (1970). “Religious identity and religious behavior of the sons and da- ughters of religious intermarriage” Review of Religious Research, 11(2): 128. http:// search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rlh&AN=10802491&site=ehost- live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 14.12.2010.
22. Schoen, R. (1986). “A methodological analysis of intergroup marriage” Sociological Metho- dology, 16(1): 49. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN= 10294604&site=ehost-live&scope=site. Erişim tarihi: 15.12.2010.
23. Sherkat D., E. (2004, December). “Religious intermarriage in the United States: Trends, patterns, and predictors” Social Science Research, 33(4):606-625. doi:10.1016/j.ssre- search.2003.11.001
24. Spickard, P. R. (1989). Mixed Blood: Intermarriage and ethnic identity in twentieth century America. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
25. Strauss, A., L., & Corbin, J., M. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and proce- dures for developing grounded theory (2nd Edition). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
26. Yinger, J. M. (1968, Spring). “On the definition of interfaith marriage” Journal for the Sci- entific Study of Religion, 7(1):104-107. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1385115. Erişim tarihi: 15.12.2010.