DANİMARKA ALEVİ ÖRGÜTLENMESİ VE DANİMARKA ALEVİ BİRLİKLERİ FEDERASYONUNUN KURULUŞ SÜRECİ

Öz

Bu çalışma, Avrupa’ya yönelen Türk göçü literatüründe çok az incelenmiş olan Danimarka’da Alevi örgütlenmesinin tarihçesini, göçmen kimliğinin ulusötesi düzlemde yeniden kuruluşu bağlamında incelemeyi hedeflemektedir. Çalışmada Danimarka’daki Alevi topluluğunun, 2007 yılında bağımsız inanç topluluğu olarak tanınma süreci ele alınmaktadır. Danimarka Alevi topluluğu, Danimarka’daki Türk nüfusu içinde sayıca sınırlı olmasına rağmen, Avrupa’da Aleviliğin bağımsız bir inanç olarak resmî biçimde tanınmasını sağlayan ilk topluluk olmuştur. Çalışmada, Alevi inanç topluluğunun Danimarka’daki kimlik inşa süreci tarihsel gelişimiyle birlikte ele alınmaktadır. Bu kimlik kazanım sürecinde Danimarka Alevi Birlikleri Federasyonu’nun kuruluşu temel bir öneme sahiptir ve bu nedenle çalışma bu örgütlenmenin ortaya çıkış koşullarını ve süreçlerini de incelemektedir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Danimarka Alevi Birlikleri Federasyonu’nun kuruluşunda aktif rol oynamış bir “kilit anlatıcı”ya ulaşılmış ve onun sağladığı veriler analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, Danimarka’da göçmen işçilerin ekonomik ve sosyal ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak amacıyla kurulan örgütlenmelerin, Alevi topluluğunun inanç temelli kurumsal bir yapıya dönüşmesinin zeminini hazırladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Danimarka’daki Alevi topluluklarının örgütlenme süreci, diaspora ve ulusötesi topluluklar literatüründe ele alınan kavramların somutlaştığı bir örnektir. Diaspora koşullarında örgütlenerek topluluk içi dayanışmasını pekiştiren Alevi toplulukları, aynı zamanda Danimarka devleti ile yürüttükleri müzakereler aracılığıyla kamusal alanda görünür ve tanınan bir aktör konumuna gelmiştir. Bu süreç, tarihsel kimlikten yola çıkarak kurumsal kimlik kazanmaya yönelen dönüşümün yansımasıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avrupa Türk Topluluğu
• Danimarka Türk Diasporası
• Danimarka Alevi Topluluğu
• Avrupa Alevi Topluluğu
• Danimarka Alevi Diasporası

ALEVI ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND THE FOUNDATION PROCESS OF THE FEDERATION OF ALEVI UNIONS IN DENMARK

Öz

This study aims to examine the history of the Alevi organization in Denmark, which is a largely unexplored subject within the literature on Turkish migration to Europe, within the context of the transnational reconstruction of migrant identity. The study specifically focuses on the recognition of the Alevi community in Denmark as an independent religious community in 2007. Although numerically small within Denmark's Turkish population, the Alevi community in Denmark became the first in Europe to secure official recognition of Alevism as a distinct faith. The study examines the identity construction process of the Alevi faith community in Denmark alongside its historical development. The establishment of the Federation of Alevi Unions in Denmark (Alevi Forbundet i Danmark - Danimarka Alevi Birlikleri Federasyonu) holds fundamental importance in this process of identity acquisition. Consequently, the study also traces the conditions and processes leading to the emergence of this organization. To achieve this aim, the study draws on data obtained through an in-depth interview with a ‘key informant’ who was actively involved in the founding of the Federation of Alevi Unions in Denmark (DABF). The research concludes that the organizations address the economic and social needs of migrant workers laid the groundwork for the Alevi community to develop an institutional structure based on religious identity. The study claims that organizations initially established in Denmark to support migrant workers’ social and economic needs created the conditions for the Alevi community to develop a religious-based institutional structure. The organizational process of Alevi communities in Denmark is an example where the concepts discussed in the literature on diaspora and transnational communities are concretized. By organizing under diaspora conditions, Alevi communities have reinforced internal solidarity while also becoming a visible and recognized actor in the public sphere through negotiations with the Danish state. This process is a reflection of the transformation from a historical identity toward gaining an institutional identity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• European Turkish Community
• Alevi Community in Denmark
• Alevi Community in Europe
• Alevi Diaspora in Denmark

Kaynakça

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