İSMAİL HAYR BEY İSYANI IŞIĞINDA OSMANLI-NUSAYRİ İLİŞKİLERİ

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 91, 43 - 64, 23.09.2019

Ali Capar

Öz

1517 yılında Suriye bölgesinin ele geçirilmesi ile Nusayriler1 Osmanlı hâkimiyeti altına girmişlerdir. Genel itibariyle baktığımız zaman Osmanlı-Nusayri ilişkileri yüzyıllar boyunca değişiklikler göstermiştir. Osmanlı yönetimi altında Nusayriler kimi zaman Müslüman tebaanın bir parçası sayılırken kimi zaman heretik bir grup olarak düşünülmüştür. Genel itibariyle Nusayrilerin statüsü ve Osmanlılar ile ilişkileri toplumlararası gerilim, bölgesel politik gelişmeler, Nusayrilerin Osmanlı yönetim modeline uyumu ve en önemlisi Osmanlı pragmatizmine bağlı olarak değişmiştir. Bu makalede Osmanlı-Nusayri ilişkileri İsmail Hayr Bey İsyanı ışığında değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, İsmail Hayr Bey isyani öncesinde Osmanlı-Nusayri ilişkilerinin durumu, İsmail Hayr Bey’in Safita müdürlüğüne atanma süreci ve ardından isyana giden süreç, Nusayrilerin İsmail Hayr Bey isyanını nasıl karşıladıkları, Sünni halkın isyana tepkileri, Osmanlı merkez yönetimin bu isyanla baş etme stratejileri ve bu isyanın imparatorluğun diğer bölgelerinde meydana gelen isyanlardan farkı, Osmanlı ve İngiliz arşiv belgeleri, Amerikan, İngiliz ve Fransız seyyahların notları ve Türkçe, Arapça ve Fransızca kaynaklar ışığında tartışılmıştır. Böylece bu makale, 1850 ile 1860 yılları arasındaki Osmanlı Nusayri ilişkilerini kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirerek bu alandaki boşluğun doldurulmasına katkıda bulunacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nusayri, İsmail Hayr Bey, Safita, Suriye

Ottoman-Nusayri Relations in the Light of Ismail Hayr Bey Revolt

Öz

This article examines the relationship between the Nusayris and the Ottoman central administration in the 1850s in the light of İsmail Khayr Bey Revolt. The Ottoman-Nusayri relations had changed over centuries according to general and regional political developments, Nusayris fit to the Ottoman organizational mode and Ottoman pragmatism. Therefore, while the Nusayris were recognized as a part of the Muslim community, sometimes they were considered heretics. In this context, the status of the Ottoman-Nusayri relations prior to the revolt, the process of İsmail Hayr Bey’s nomination to the position of müdir of Safita, the beginning of the revolt and the reaction of the Nusayri and Sunni communities to the revolt, the Ottoman strategies of dealing with that revolt, and the similarities and differences between the İsmail Khayr Bey Revolt and the other revolts took place in other parts of the empire around the same time period will be discussed. In the light of the use of the Ottoman and British archival sources along with traveler’s and missionaries’ accounts and secondary sources written in English, Turkish and French, this article seeks to fill the gap on Ottoman and Nusayri relations in the 1850s and to contribute to the understanding of the İsmail Khayr Bey Revolt

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nusayris, İsmail Khayr Bey, Safita, Syria

Kaynakça

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