10-18 Yaş Grubu Kız Çocuğuna Sahip Annelerin HPV Aşılama Tutumları ile Cinsel Yolla Bulaşan Hastalıklar Bilgi Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, 10-18 yaş arası kız çocuğu olan annelerin İnsan Papilloma Virüsü (HPV) aşısına yönelik tutumlarını ve cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıklara (CYBH) ilişkin bilgi düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın evrenini 10-18 yaş grubunda kız çocuğu bulunan anneler; örneklemini ise Ekim 2023 ile Mart 2025 tarihleri arasında ulaşılan 159 anneden oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri, sosyal medya platformları üzerinden çevrim içi toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların Carolina HPV Aşılama Tutum ve İnanç Ölçeği (CHIAS) alt boyutlarından aldıkları ortalama puanlar şu şekildedir: ‘Zararlar’ alt boyutu için 11,75±4,39; ‘Engeller’ alt boyutu için 9,52±2,91; ‘Etkinlik’ alt boyutu için 5,23±1,79 ve ‘Belirsizlik’ alt boyutu için 7,07±1,98’dir. Katılımcıların Cinsel Yolla Bulaşan Hastalıklar Bilgi Testi’nden (STD-KQ) aldıkları toplam puanların ortalaması ise 16,98±3,72 olarak saptanmıştır. Katılımcıların CYBH bilgi düzeyleri ile aşının algılanan zararları arasında orta düzeyde, anlamlı ve negatif bir korelasyon (r=-0,377, p<0,01) bulunmuştur. Buna karşın, CYBH bilgi düzeyi ile aşının algılanan etkinliği arasında orta düzeyde, anlamlı ve pozitif bir korelasyon (r=0,458, p<0,01) tespit edilmiştir. CHIAS alt boyutlarının kendi arasındaki ilişkiler incelendiğinde; ‘Zararlar’ ve ‘Etkinlik’ alt boyutları arasında güçlü, anlamlı ve negatif bir korelasyon gözlemlenmiştir (r=-0,635, p<0,01). Alt boyutlar arasındaki diğer tüm korelasyonların istatistiksel olarak anlamsız olduğu belirlenmiştir (p>0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışma, 10-18 yaş arası kız çocuğu olan annelerin CYBH konusundaki bilgi düzeylerinin, kızlarına HPV aşısı yaptırma tutumlarını etkilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Aşıya yönelik negatif inanç ve tutuma sahip kadınların; aşıyı yüksek oranda zararlı gördükleri, aşıya erişimde yüksek engeller algıladıkları ve aşılanma konusunda belirsizlik yaşadıkları saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aşılama
• Cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıklar
• İnsan Papilloma Virüsü
• Tutum
• Çocuk

Determining the Relationship Between HPV Vaccination Attitudes and Knowledge Levels of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Mothers of Girls Aged 10-18

Öz

Objective: To determine the attitudes of mothers of girls aged 10-18 toward the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine and their level of knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of mothers with daughters aged 10–18 years, and the sample consisted of 159 mothers reached between October 2023 and March 2025. The data for the study were collected online through social media platforms. Results: The mean scores of the participants for the Carolina HPV Vaccination Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (CHIAS) subdimensions were as follows: Harms 11.75±4.39, Barriers 9.52±2.91, Effectiveness 5.23±1.79, and Uncertainty 7.07±1.98 and the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Knowledge Questionnaire (STD-KQ) total score average was 16.98±3.72. A significant moderate negative correlation was found between participants’ knowledge levels (STD-KQ) and the perceived ‘Harms’ of the vaccine (r=-0.377, p<0.01). Conversely, a significant moderate positive correlation was identified between knowledge levels and the perceived ‘Effectivenessiveness’ of the vaccine (r=0.458, p<0.01). Regarding the correlations between the CHIAS subscales themselves, a strong and significant negative correlation was observed between ‘Harms’ and ‘Effectivenessiveness’ (r=-0.635, p<0.01). All other correlations between the subscales were found to be statistically non-significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study found that the level of knowledge about STDs among mothers of girls aged 10–18 influenced their attitudes toward having their daughters vaccinated against HPV. Women with negative beliefs and attitudes toward the vaccine were found to perceive high harms, high barriers to accessing the vaccine, and uncertainty about vaccination.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Attitudes
• Child
• Health knowledge
• Papillomavirus infections
• Sexually transmitted diseases
• Vaccination

Kaynakça

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