WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY?

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 45 - 49, 20.04.2011

Hüseyin Levent Keskin

Öz

Nanotechnology is the science of understanding and control of matter at dimensions between approximately 1 and 100 nanometers. A nanometer is one-billionth of a meter. Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional system at the molecular scale. The importance of nanoparticles discriminating them from the big materials is not only their specific sizes. Nanoparticles produce different structures because of their specific physical, chemical and biological properties. The term “nanotechnology” was defined by Norio Taniguchi (Tokyo Science University) in 1974. The nanotechnology development can be divided in four generations. First generation of products (passive nanostructures)have come into use in about year 2000, second generation products (active nanostructures) approximately in 2005 and third generation products in about 2010. Fourth generation of products are expected to come into use with the years of 2015-2020. The use of these products has widened in many different areas such as medicine, pharmaceutical industry, textile, electronics, automotive, food and paint. In recent years, these materials have begun to take place in modern medicine, with the second generation products. Not only the development of this technology in such a short time, but also how we can be ready for it, is important.. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce this new field of science and to increase the awareness of our colleagues about nanotechnology.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nanotechnology, Medicine

NANOTEKNOLOJi NEDİR?

Öz

Nanoteknoloji, maddenin 1 ile 100 nanometre boyutlarındaki davranışlarını anlama ve kontrol etme bilimidir. Bir nanometre 1 metrenin milyarda biridir. Nanoteknoloji moleküler düzeyde fonksiyonel sistemler mühendisliğidir. Nanopartikülleri büyük materyallerden ayıran özellik sadece boyutlarının özel önemi değildir. Bu yapılar fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik özellikleri açısından büyük materyallerden farklı bir yapı ortaya koyarlar. 1974 yılında ilk defa na-noteknolojiden Norio Taniguchi (Tokyo Bilim Üniversitesi) bahsetmiştir. Nanoteknoloji ürünlerinin gelişimi dört nesile ayrılabilir. Birinci nesil ürünler (pasif nanoyapılar) yaklaşık 2000 yılında, ikinci nesil ürünler (aktif nanoyapılar) yaklaşık 2005 yılında, üçüncü nesil ürünler ise 2010 yılında kullanıma girmişlerdir. Dördüncü nesil ürünlerin (moleküler boyuttaki aletler ve atomik dizayn) ise 2015-2020 yılları ile birlikte kullanıma girmesi beklenmektedir. Sağlık, ilaç sanayi, tekstil, elektronik, otomotiv, gıda, boya gibi farklı sahalarda birçok ürünlerde kullanımı yaygınlaşmıştır. Son yıllarda, ikinci nesil ürünlerle birlikte bu materyaller modern tıpta yer almaya başlamışlardır. Burada önemli olan sadece böyle bir teknolojinin ne kadar kısa bir zamanda geliştiği değil, aynı zamanda bizim bu yeni teknolojiye ne kadar hazır olabileceğimizdir. Bu yazının temel amacı, bu yeni bilim dalını tanıtmak ve meslektaşlarımızın nanoteknoloji konusunda farkındalığını artırmaktır.

Dr. Olcay TURGUT,
Dr. H.Levent KESKİN,
Dr. A.Filiz AVŞAR

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nanoteknoloji, Tıp, nanoyapılar

Kaynakça

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