Atlantik İttifakı'nda Çatlak: Süveyş Krizi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 149 - 174, 30.06.2025

Ahmet Karafil

https://doi.org/10.26513/tocd.1620116

Öz

1956 yılında Mısır lideri Cemal Abdülnasır’ın Süveyş Kanalı’nı millileştirme kararı, uluslararası sahnede büyük bir kriz doğurmuş ve Soğuk Savaş dönemi rekabetinin odak noktalarından biri haline gelmiştir. Bu kriz, yalnızca Mısır ile eski sömürge güçleri İngiltere ve Fransa arasındaki gerilimle sınırlı kalmamış, Atlantik İttifakı’nı ve İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrası değişen güç dengelerini Soğuk Savaş düzeni bağlamında etkilemiştir. Kriz, Atlantik düzeni içerisinde Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, İngiltere ve Fransa arasında derin stratejik ayrışmalara neden olmuş ve ittifakın güven, uyum ve dayanışma ruhunun sorgulanmasına yol açmıştır. Bu çalışma, Süveyş Krizi’nin yakın tarihsel arka planı, gelişimi ve sonuçları üzerinden Atlantik düzeni üzerindeki yansımalarını “ittifaklar içinde devletler neden çatışır?” sorusu ekseninde kuramsal bir çerçeveye oturtarak analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, tarihsel veriler ve ikincil kaynakların analizine dayanarak, Süveyş Kanalı’nın hem bölgesel hem de küresel ölçekte taşıdığı stratejik önem çerçevesinde nasıl bir kriz kaynağı haline geldiğini ve Soğuk Savaş dönemi Atlantik İttifakı ilişkilerini hangi boyutlarda şekillendirdiğini ortaya koyarak literatüre anlamlı bir katkı sunmayı hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Süveyş Krizi , Atlantik İttifakı , ABD , İngiltere , Fransa

A Rift in the Atlantic Alliance: Suez Crisis

Öz

In 1956, Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser’s decision to nationalise the Suez Canal caused a major crisis on the international stage and became one of the focal points of Cold War-era rivalry. This crisis was not only limited to the tension between Egypt and the former colonial powers Britain and France but also affected the Atlantic alliance and the changing balance of power after the Second World War in the context of the Cold War order. The crisis caused deep strategic divisions within the Atlantic alliance between the United States, Britain and France and led to the questioning of the alliance’s trust, cohesion and spirit of solidarity. This study aims to analyse the repercussions of the Suez Crisis on the Atlantic order through its recent historical background, development and consequences by placing it in a theoretical framework on the axis of the question “why do states conflict within alliances?”. Based on the analysis of historical data and secondary sources, the study aims to make a meaningful contribution to the literature by revealing how the Suez Canal became a source of crisis within the framework of its strategic importance on both regional and global scales and to what extent it shaped the Atlantic alliance relations during the Cold War period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Suez Crisis , Atlantic Alliance , USA , Britain , France

Kaynakça

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