Dış Politika Aracı Olarak Yaptırımlar: İran’a Uygulanan Yaptırımların Etkileri

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 97 - 135, 15.10.2016

Mustafa Seyhmus Küpeli

Öz

Yaptırımların dış
politika aracı olarak kullanılması ve etkin birer araç olup olmadığı literatürde
tartışılan konular arasında yer almaktadır. Söz konusu tartışmaların yakın
zamandaki en canlı örneği İran’a uygulanan yaptırımlar üzerinden
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bazı kesimler yaptırımların etkisiz bir araç olduğunu ve
İran’a uygulanan yaptırımların da buna örnek teşkil ettiğini öne sürerken diğer
bir kesim bunun aksini iddia etmektedir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle dış politika
aracı olarak yaptırımlar ile alakalı literatürdeki tartışmalara değinilerek
yaptırımların hangi şartlar altında başarılı birer araç olabileceği ortaya
konulmuş ve yaptırımların etkinliğini belirleyen faktörler sıralanmıştır. Bu
çerçevede nükleer sorunun ortaya çıkmasıyla birlikte 2002 yılı sonrası İran’a
uygulanan yaptırımların etkileri incelenmiştir. Yaptırımların İran üzerindeki
ekonomik etkileri ve bu etkilerle bağlantılı olarak İran iç siyasetini, nükleer
programını nasıl etkilediği analiz edilmiştir. Son olarak nükleer anlaşmadan
hareketle yaptırımların belirli şartlar altında etkili birer araç olup olmadığı
İran örneği üzerinden tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İran, Nükleer Program, Yaptırımlar, Yaptırımların Etkileri

Sanctions as a Foreign Policy Tool: Impact of Sanctions on Iran

Öz

The use of
sanctions as a foreign policy tool and whether they are an effective tool or
not are controversial issues in the literature. The most vivid example of these
discussions was revealed on the nuclear-oriented sanctions that imposed on
Iran. While Some, by taking Iran sanctions as an example to defend their argument,
claim that the sanctions are an ineffective tool in foreign policy others argue
quite the opposite. This study firstly examines these existing discussions
about sanctions in the literature. Then the article proves under which
condition sanctions can be used as a successful tool of foreign policy and it also
draws attention to the factors that determine effectiveness of such sanctions.
In the light of these findings, the study examines effects the sanctions that
were imposed on Iran after 2002. As a part of this context, the study
scrutinizes the impact of imposed sanctions on both Iranian economy and
domestic politics. Moreover, the study observes how those impacts affected the
Iranian ongoing nuclear program.  Finally,
by considering the example of the sanctions on Iran the article discusses
whether sanctions are effective or not under certain conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Iran, Nuclear Program, Sanctions, The impact of Sanctions

Kaynakça

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