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İnmede Telerehabilitasyon

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 30 - 39, 31.05.2021

Öz

meli bireylerde, erken dönemden itibaren başlayan uzun süreli ve yoğun rehabilitasyon ihtiyacının karşılanmasında kullanılan yöntemlerden biri telerehabilitasyondur. Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin gelişmesi ile telerehabilitasyona olan ilgi her geçen yıl daha da artmaktadır. Egzersiz yaklaşımları, sanal gerçeklik ile kombine rehabilitasyon uygulamaları, robot destekli eğitim ve kognitif rehabilitasyon inmeli bireylerde telerehabilitasyon yoluyla sunulan yöntemlerinden bazılarıdır. Telerehabilitasyonun inmeli bireylerin motor, konuşma ve bilişsel fonksiyonları ile yaşam kalitelerinde gelişme sağladığı bildirilmiştir. Literatürde inmeli bireylerle yapılan çalışmalarda telerehabilitasyonun geleneksel rehabilitasyonla benzer etkileri olduğu bildirilmektedir. Telerehabilitasyon ile rehabilitasyonun önündeki coğrafi, fiziksel ve motivasyonel engeller azaltılarak tedaviye ulaşılabilirlik arttırılabilir. Bununla birlikte standart prosedür ve protokollerin olmaması, teknik imkanların yetersizliği ve teknolojik araçların kullanımına adaptasyondaki zorluklar telerehabilitasyon uygulamalarını sınırlamaktadır. COVID-19 pandemisiyle hastaların rehabilitasyon hizmetlerine erişimlerini mümkün kılmak veya olası ikincil komplikasyonları önlemek amacıyla telerehabilitasyon uygulamaları bu süreçte daha da yaygınlaşmıştır. Telerehabilitasyon yüz yüze rehabilitasyon hizmetlerine ek olarak rehabilitasyon hizmetlerinin geliştirilmesine olanak sağlayan alternatif bir yöntem olarak görülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Referans1 Sudlow C, Warlow C. Comparing stroke incidence worldwide: What makes studies comparable? Stroke. 1996;27(3):550-8.
  • Referans2 Benjamin EJ, Virani SS, Callaway CW, Chamberlain AM, Chang AR, Cheng S, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2018 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2018;137(12):e67-e492.
  • Referans3 Feigin VL, Lawes CM, Bennett DA, Anderson CS. Stroke epidemiology: A review of population-based studies of incidence, prevalence, and case-fatality in the late 20th century. The Lancet Neurology. 2003;2(1):43-53.
  • Referans4 Hankey GJ. Potential new risk factors for ischemic stroke: What is their potential? Stroke. 2006;37(8):2181-8.
  • Referans5 Grysiewicz RA, Thomas K, Pandey DK. Epidemiology of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: İncidence, prevalence, mortality, and risk factors. Neurologic Clinics. 2008;26(4):871-95.
  • Referans6 Jerrgensen H, Nakayama H, Reith J, Raaschou H, Olsen TS. Stroke recurrence: Predictors, severity, and prognosis. The Copenhagen Stroke Study. Neurology. 1997;48(4):891-5.
  • Referans7 Saunders DH, Greig CA, Mead GE. Physical activity and exercise after stroke: Review of multiple meaningful benefits. Stroke. 2014;45(12):3742-7.
  • Referans8 Merwick Á, Werring D. Posterior circulation ischaemic stroke. British Medical Journal. 2014;348.
  • Referans9 Tao W-D, Liu M, Fisher M, Wang D-R, Li J, Furie KL, et al. Posterior versus anterior circulation infarction: How different are the neurological deficits? Stroke. 2012;43(8):2060-5.
  • Referans10 Adams Jr HP, Adams RJ, Brott T, Del Zoppo GJ, Furlan A, Goldstein LB, et al. Guidelines for the early management of patients with ischemic stroke: A scientific statement from the Stroke Council of the American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2003;34(4):1056-83.
  • Referans11 Cruz‐Flores S, Berge E, Whittle IR. Surgical decompression for cerebral oedema in acute ischaemic stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2012(1).
  • Referans12 Sackley CM, Lincoln NB. Physiotherapy treatment for stroke patients: A survey of current practice. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 1996;12(2):87-96.
  • Referans13 Collaboration SUT. Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke. Cochrane Database of systematic reviews. 2013(9).
  • Referans14 Peretti A, Amenta F, Tayebati SK, Nittari G, Mahdi SS. Telerehabilitation: Review of the state-of-the-art and areas of application. JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies. 2017;4(2):e7.
  • Referans15 Pastora-Bernal JM, Martín-Valero R, Barón-López FJ, Estebanez-Pérez MJ. Evidence of benefit of telerehabitation after orthopedic surgery: A systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2017;19(4):e142.
  • Referans16 Agostini M, Moja L, Banzi R, Pistotti V, Tonin P, Venneri A, et al. Telerehabilitation and recovery of motor function: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2015;21(4):202-13.
  • Referans17 Brennan DM, Mawson S, Brownsell S. Telerehabilitation: Enabling the remote delivery of healthcare, rehabilitation, and self management. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. 2009;145(231):48.
  • Referans18 Richmond T, Peterson C, Cason J, Billings M, Terrell EA, Lee ACW, et al. American Telemedicine Association’s principles for delivering telerehabilitation services. International Journal of Telerehabilitation. 2017;9(2):63.
  • Referans19 Russell TG. Telerehabilitation: A coming of age. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 2009;55(1):5-6.
  • Referans20 Rogante M, Grigioni M, Cordella D, Giacomozzi C. Ten years of telerehabilitation: A literature overview of technologies and clinical applications. NeuroRehabilitation. 2010;27:287-304.
  • Referans21 Galea MD. Telemedicine in rehabilitation. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics. 2019;30(2):473-83.
  • Referans22 Sarfo FS, Ulasavets U, Opare-Sem OK, Ovbiagele B. Tele-Rehabilitation after Stroke: An updated systematic review of the literature. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases. 2018;27(9):2306-18.
  • Referans23 Feigin VL, Nichols E, Alam T, Bannick MS, Beghi E, Blake N, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990–2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet Neurology. 2019;18(5):459-80.
  • Referans24 Chang MC, Boudier-Revéret M. Usefulness of telerehabilitation for stroke patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2020;99(7):582.
  • Referans25 Moradi V, Babaee T, Esfandiari E, Lim SB, Kordi R. Telework and telerehabilitation programs for workers with a stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic: A commentary. Work. 2021;68(1):77-80.
  • Referans26 Knepley KD, Mao JZ, Wieczorek P, Okoye FO, Jain AP, Harel NY. Impact of telerehabilitation for strokerelated deficits. Telemedicine and e-Health. 2021;27(3):239-46.
  • Referans27 Amorim P, Santos BS, Dias P, Silva S, Martins H. Serious games for stroke telerehabilitation of upper limb-A review for future research. International Journal of Telerehabilitation. 2020;12(2):65-76.
  • Referans28 Cikajlo I, Rudolf M, Goljar N, Burger H, Matjačić Z. Telerehabilitation using virtual reality task can improve balance in patients with stroke. Disability and Rehabilitation. 2012;34(1):13-8.
  • Referans29 Cramer SC, Dodakian L, Le V, McKenzie A, See J, Augsburger R, et al. A feasibility study of expanded homebased telerehabilitation after stroke. Frontiers in Neurology. 2021;11:1807.
  • Referans30 Butler AJ, Bay C, Wu D, Richards KM, Buchanan S, Yepes M. Expanding tele-rehabilitation of stroke through in-home robot-assisted therapy. International Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2014;2(184):1-11.
  • Referans31 Cramer SC, Dodakian L, Le V, See J, Augsburger R, McKenzie A, et al. Efficacy of home-based telerehabilitation vs ın-clinic therapy for adults after stroke: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Neurology. 2019;76(9):1079-87.
  • Referans32 Torrisi M, Maresca G, De Cola MC, Cannavò A, Sciarrone F, Silvestri G, et al. Using telerehabilitation to improve cognitive function in post-stroke survivors: Is this the time for the continuity of care? International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 2019;42(4):344-51.
  • Referans33 Lloréns R, Noé E, Colomer C, Alcañiz M. Effectiveness, usability, and cost-benefit of a virtual reality–based telerehabilitation program for balance recovery after stroke: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2015;96(3):418-25. e2.
  • Referans34 Lin K-H, Chen C-H, Chen Y-Y, Huang W-T, Lai J-S, Yu S-M, et al. Bidirectional and multi-user telerehabilitation system: Clinical effect on balance, functional activity, and satisfaction in patients with chronic stroke living in long-term care facilities. Sensors. 2014;14(7):12451-66.
  • Referans35 Chen J, Jin W, Dong WS, Jin Y, Qiao FL, Zhou YF, et al. Effects of home-based telesupervising rehabilitation on physical function for stroke survivors with hemiplegia: A randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2017;96(3):152-60.
  • Referans36 Chumbler NR, Li X, Quigley P, Morey MC, Rose D, Griffiths P, et al. A randomized controlled trial on Stroke telerehabilitation: The effects on falls self-efficacy and satisfaction with care. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2015;21(3):139-43.
  • Referans37 Johansson T, Wild C. Telerehabilitation in stroke care–a systematic review. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2011;17(1):1-6.
  • Referans38 Schröder J, van Criekinge T, Embrechts E, Celis X, Van Schuppen J, Truijen S, et al. Combining the benefits of telerehabilitation and virtual reality-based balance training: A systematic review on feasibility and effectiveness. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology. 2019;14(1):2-11.
  • Referans39 Chen J, Jin W, Zhang XX, Xu W, Liu XN, Ren CC. Telerehabilitation approaches for stroke patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases. 2015;24(12):2660-8.
  • Referans40 Laver KE, Adey‐Wakeling Z, Crotty M, Lannin NA, George S, Sherrington C. Telerehabilitation services for stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2020(1).
  • Referans41 Suso-Martí L, La Touche R, Herranz-Gómez A, Angulo-Díaz-Parreño S, Paris-Alemany A, Cuenca-Martínez F. Effectiveness of telerehabilitation in physical therapist practice: An umbrella and mapping review with meta-analysis. Physical Therapy. 2021;101(1):1-9.
  • Referans42 Wang S, Blazer D, Hoenig H. Can eHealth technology enhance the patient-provider relationship in rehabilitation? Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2016;97(9):1403-6.
  • Referans43 Lai JC, Woo J, Hui E, Chan WM. Telerehabilitation - a new model for community-based stroke rehabilitation. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2004;10(4):199-205.
  • Referans44 Akbik F, Hirsch JA, Chandra RV, Frei D, Patel AB, Rabinov JD, et al. Telestroke—the promise and the challenge. Part two—expansion and horizons. Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery. 2017;9(4):361-5.
  • Referans45 Edgar MC, Monsees S, Rhebergen J, Waring J, Van der Star T, Eng JJ, et al. Telerehabilitation in stroke recovery: A survey on access and willingness to use low-cost consumer technologies. Telemedicine and e- Health. 2017;23(5):421-9.
  • Referans46 Rodgers F, Varley R, Khatoonabadi A, Amir-Homayoun J. Physical inactivity during lockdown and the implications for incidence of stroke, severity, mortality, reoccurrence and rehabilitation. Disability and Rehabilitation. 2020.
  • Referans47 Fuentes B, Alonso de Leciñana M, Calleja-Castaño P, Carneado-Ruiz J, Egido-Herrero J, Gil-Núñez A, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the organisation of stroke care. Madrid Stroke Care Plan. Neurologia (Barcelona, Spain). 2020;35(6):363-71.
  • Referans48 Koçak O, Koçak ÖE, Younis MZ. The psychological consequences of COVID-19 fear and the moderator effects of individuals’ underlying illness and witnessing infected friends and family. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(4):1836.
  • Referans49 Alexander M. It's Corona calling: Time for telerehabilitation! Journal of Frailty Sarcopenia and Falls. 2020;5(4):86-8.
  • Referans50 Iodice F, Romoli M, Giometto B, Clerico M, Tedeschi G, Bonavita S, et al. Stroke and digital technology: Awake-up call from COVID-19 pandemic. Neurological Sciences. 2021;42(3):805-9.

Telerehabilitation in Stroke

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 30 - 39, 31.05.2021

Öz

Telerehabilitation is one of the methods used to meet the long-term and intensive rehabilitation needs starting from the early period in individuals with stroke. With the development of information and communication technologies, interest in telerehabilitation is increasing every year. Exercise approaches, rehabilitation applications combined with virtual reality, robot-assisted training, and cognitive rehabilitation are some of the methods offered through telerehabilitation in individuals with stroke. It has been reported that telerehabilitation improves the motor, speech, and cognitive functions and quality of life of individuals with stroke. In studies conducted with individuals with stroke in the literature, it is reported that telerehabilitation has similar effects to traditional rehabilitation. With telerehabilitation, access to treatment can be increased by reducing geographical, physical, and motivational barriers to rehabilitation. However, lack of standard procedures and protocols, insufficient technical facilities, and difficulties in adapting to the use of technological tools limit telerehabilitation practices. With the COVID-19 pandemic, telerehabilitation practices have become more widespread in this process to enable patients to access rehabilitation services or to prevent possible secondary complications. Telerehabilitation is seen as an alternative method that enables the development of rehabilitation services in addition to face-to-face rehabilitation services.

Kaynakça

  • Referans1 Sudlow C, Warlow C. Comparing stroke incidence worldwide: What makes studies comparable? Stroke. 1996;27(3):550-8.
  • Referans2 Benjamin EJ, Virani SS, Callaway CW, Chamberlain AM, Chang AR, Cheng S, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2018 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2018;137(12):e67-e492.
  • Referans3 Feigin VL, Lawes CM, Bennett DA, Anderson CS. Stroke epidemiology: A review of population-based studies of incidence, prevalence, and case-fatality in the late 20th century. The Lancet Neurology. 2003;2(1):43-53.
  • Referans4 Hankey GJ. Potential new risk factors for ischemic stroke: What is their potential? Stroke. 2006;37(8):2181-8.
  • Referans5 Grysiewicz RA, Thomas K, Pandey DK. Epidemiology of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: İncidence, prevalence, mortality, and risk factors. Neurologic Clinics. 2008;26(4):871-95.
  • Referans6 Jerrgensen H, Nakayama H, Reith J, Raaschou H, Olsen TS. Stroke recurrence: Predictors, severity, and prognosis. The Copenhagen Stroke Study. Neurology. 1997;48(4):891-5.
  • Referans7 Saunders DH, Greig CA, Mead GE. Physical activity and exercise after stroke: Review of multiple meaningful benefits. Stroke. 2014;45(12):3742-7.
  • Referans8 Merwick Á, Werring D. Posterior circulation ischaemic stroke. British Medical Journal. 2014;348.
  • Referans9 Tao W-D, Liu M, Fisher M, Wang D-R, Li J, Furie KL, et al. Posterior versus anterior circulation infarction: How different are the neurological deficits? Stroke. 2012;43(8):2060-5.
  • Referans10 Adams Jr HP, Adams RJ, Brott T, Del Zoppo GJ, Furlan A, Goldstein LB, et al. Guidelines for the early management of patients with ischemic stroke: A scientific statement from the Stroke Council of the American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2003;34(4):1056-83.
  • Referans11 Cruz‐Flores S, Berge E, Whittle IR. Surgical decompression for cerebral oedema in acute ischaemic stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2012(1).
  • Referans12 Sackley CM, Lincoln NB. Physiotherapy treatment for stroke patients: A survey of current practice. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 1996;12(2):87-96.
  • Referans13 Collaboration SUT. Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke. Cochrane Database of systematic reviews. 2013(9).
  • Referans14 Peretti A, Amenta F, Tayebati SK, Nittari G, Mahdi SS. Telerehabilitation: Review of the state-of-the-art and areas of application. JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies. 2017;4(2):e7.
  • Referans15 Pastora-Bernal JM, Martín-Valero R, Barón-López FJ, Estebanez-Pérez MJ. Evidence of benefit of telerehabitation after orthopedic surgery: A systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2017;19(4):e142.
  • Referans16 Agostini M, Moja L, Banzi R, Pistotti V, Tonin P, Venneri A, et al. Telerehabilitation and recovery of motor function: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2015;21(4):202-13.
  • Referans17 Brennan DM, Mawson S, Brownsell S. Telerehabilitation: Enabling the remote delivery of healthcare, rehabilitation, and self management. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. 2009;145(231):48.
  • Referans18 Richmond T, Peterson C, Cason J, Billings M, Terrell EA, Lee ACW, et al. American Telemedicine Association’s principles for delivering telerehabilitation services. International Journal of Telerehabilitation. 2017;9(2):63.
  • Referans19 Russell TG. Telerehabilitation: A coming of age. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 2009;55(1):5-6.
  • Referans20 Rogante M, Grigioni M, Cordella D, Giacomozzi C. Ten years of telerehabilitation: A literature overview of technologies and clinical applications. NeuroRehabilitation. 2010;27:287-304.
  • Referans21 Galea MD. Telemedicine in rehabilitation. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics. 2019;30(2):473-83.
  • Referans22 Sarfo FS, Ulasavets U, Opare-Sem OK, Ovbiagele B. Tele-Rehabilitation after Stroke: An updated systematic review of the literature. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases. 2018;27(9):2306-18.
  • Referans23 Feigin VL, Nichols E, Alam T, Bannick MS, Beghi E, Blake N, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990–2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet Neurology. 2019;18(5):459-80.
  • Referans24 Chang MC, Boudier-Revéret M. Usefulness of telerehabilitation for stroke patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2020;99(7):582.
  • Referans25 Moradi V, Babaee T, Esfandiari E, Lim SB, Kordi R. Telework and telerehabilitation programs for workers with a stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic: A commentary. Work. 2021;68(1):77-80.
  • Referans26 Knepley KD, Mao JZ, Wieczorek P, Okoye FO, Jain AP, Harel NY. Impact of telerehabilitation for strokerelated deficits. Telemedicine and e-Health. 2021;27(3):239-46.
  • Referans27 Amorim P, Santos BS, Dias P, Silva S, Martins H. Serious games for stroke telerehabilitation of upper limb-A review for future research. International Journal of Telerehabilitation. 2020;12(2):65-76.
  • Referans28 Cikajlo I, Rudolf M, Goljar N, Burger H, Matjačić Z. Telerehabilitation using virtual reality task can improve balance in patients with stroke. Disability and Rehabilitation. 2012;34(1):13-8.
  • Referans29 Cramer SC, Dodakian L, Le V, McKenzie A, See J, Augsburger R, et al. A feasibility study of expanded homebased telerehabilitation after stroke. Frontiers in Neurology. 2021;11:1807.
  • Referans30 Butler AJ, Bay C, Wu D, Richards KM, Buchanan S, Yepes M. Expanding tele-rehabilitation of stroke through in-home robot-assisted therapy. International Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2014;2(184):1-11.
  • Referans31 Cramer SC, Dodakian L, Le V, See J, Augsburger R, McKenzie A, et al. Efficacy of home-based telerehabilitation vs ın-clinic therapy for adults after stroke: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Neurology. 2019;76(9):1079-87.
  • Referans32 Torrisi M, Maresca G, De Cola MC, Cannavò A, Sciarrone F, Silvestri G, et al. Using telerehabilitation to improve cognitive function in post-stroke survivors: Is this the time for the continuity of care? International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 2019;42(4):344-51.
  • Referans33 Lloréns R, Noé E, Colomer C, Alcañiz M. Effectiveness, usability, and cost-benefit of a virtual reality–based telerehabilitation program for balance recovery after stroke: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2015;96(3):418-25. e2.
  • Referans34 Lin K-H, Chen C-H, Chen Y-Y, Huang W-T, Lai J-S, Yu S-M, et al. Bidirectional and multi-user telerehabilitation system: Clinical effect on balance, functional activity, and satisfaction in patients with chronic stroke living in long-term care facilities. Sensors. 2014;14(7):12451-66.
  • Referans35 Chen J, Jin W, Dong WS, Jin Y, Qiao FL, Zhou YF, et al. Effects of home-based telesupervising rehabilitation on physical function for stroke survivors with hemiplegia: A randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2017;96(3):152-60.
  • Referans36 Chumbler NR, Li X, Quigley P, Morey MC, Rose D, Griffiths P, et al. A randomized controlled trial on Stroke telerehabilitation: The effects on falls self-efficacy and satisfaction with care. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2015;21(3):139-43.
  • Referans37 Johansson T, Wild C. Telerehabilitation in stroke care–a systematic review. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2011;17(1):1-6.
  • Referans38 Schröder J, van Criekinge T, Embrechts E, Celis X, Van Schuppen J, Truijen S, et al. Combining the benefits of telerehabilitation and virtual reality-based balance training: A systematic review on feasibility and effectiveness. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology. 2019;14(1):2-11.
  • Referans39 Chen J, Jin W, Zhang XX, Xu W, Liu XN, Ren CC. Telerehabilitation approaches for stroke patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases. 2015;24(12):2660-8.
  • Referans40 Laver KE, Adey‐Wakeling Z, Crotty M, Lannin NA, George S, Sherrington C. Telerehabilitation services for stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2020(1).
  • Referans41 Suso-Martí L, La Touche R, Herranz-Gómez A, Angulo-Díaz-Parreño S, Paris-Alemany A, Cuenca-Martínez F. Effectiveness of telerehabilitation in physical therapist practice: An umbrella and mapping review with meta-analysis. Physical Therapy. 2021;101(1):1-9.
  • Referans42 Wang S, Blazer D, Hoenig H. Can eHealth technology enhance the patient-provider relationship in rehabilitation? Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2016;97(9):1403-6.
  • Referans43 Lai JC, Woo J, Hui E, Chan WM. Telerehabilitation - a new model for community-based stroke rehabilitation. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2004;10(4):199-205.
  • Referans44 Akbik F, Hirsch JA, Chandra RV, Frei D, Patel AB, Rabinov JD, et al. Telestroke—the promise and the challenge. Part two—expansion and horizons. Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery. 2017;9(4):361-5.
  • Referans45 Edgar MC, Monsees S, Rhebergen J, Waring J, Van der Star T, Eng JJ, et al. Telerehabilitation in stroke recovery: A survey on access and willingness to use low-cost consumer technologies. Telemedicine and e- Health. 2017;23(5):421-9.
  • Referans46 Rodgers F, Varley R, Khatoonabadi A, Amir-Homayoun J. Physical inactivity during lockdown and the implications for incidence of stroke, severity, mortality, reoccurrence and rehabilitation. Disability and Rehabilitation. 2020.
  • Referans47 Fuentes B, Alonso de Leciñana M, Calleja-Castaño P, Carneado-Ruiz J, Egido-Herrero J, Gil-Núñez A, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the organisation of stroke care. Madrid Stroke Care Plan. Neurologia (Barcelona, Spain). 2020;35(6):363-71.
  • Referans48 Koçak O, Koçak ÖE, Younis MZ. The psychological consequences of COVID-19 fear and the moderator effects of individuals’ underlying illness and witnessing infected friends and family. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(4):1836.
  • Referans49 Alexander M. It's Corona calling: Time for telerehabilitation! Journal of Frailty Sarcopenia and Falls. 2020;5(4):86-8.
  • Referans50 Iodice F, Romoli M, Giometto B, Clerico M, Tedeschi G, Bonavita S, et al. Stroke and digital technology: Awake-up call from COVID-19 pandemic. Neurological Sciences. 2021;42(3):805-9.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Tuba Kaya Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-6972-8433

Gözde Kaya Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-8762-9690

Nilay Yürekdeler Şahin Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-0350-340X

Yeşim Bakar Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-5603-2891

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 6 Nisan 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Kaya T, Kaya G, Yürekdeler Şahin N, Bakar Y. İnmede Telerehabilitasyon. TOGÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;1(1):30-9.