Üniversite öğrencilerinin ruh sağlığı okuryazarlık düzeyi: kesitsel bir çalışma

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 198 - 214, 31.05.2023

Bediye Öztaş , Nursemin Ünal , Zeynep Ölçer , Ayşe Çal , Günay Hazir

https://doi.org/10.52369/togusagbilderg.1127001

Cited By: 5

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, riskli bir grup olan üniversite öğrencilerinin ruh sağlığı okuryazarlık düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini, bir vakıf üniversitesi öğrencileri, örneklemini ise 657 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan bilgi formu ile Ruh Sağlığı Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği (RSOÖ) ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: RSOÖ toplam puan ortalaması 112.9±10.3’tür. Kadın öğrencilerin erkek öğrencilere göre ruh sağlığı okuryazarlık düzeyleri daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Gelir durumu iyi ve orta düzeyde olan öğrencilerin bilgiye nasıl ulaşacaklarına, profesyonel yardıma nasıl erişeceklerine yönelik bilgi düzeyleri daha yüksek ve ruh sağlığı ile ilgili hastalıklara yönelik tutumları daha olumlu bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Öğrencilerin ruh sağlığı okuryazarlığı düzeylerinin yükseltilmesi için üniversitelerde belli aralıklarla ruh sağlığı ile ilgili eğitim programlarının verilmesinin ve sosyal destek sistemlerinin aktif bir şekilde hizmet sunmasının önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ruh sağlığı, ruh sağlığı okuryazarlığı, üniversite öğrencileri.

Mental health literacy level of university students: a crosssectional study

Öz

Objective: This study aims to determine the mental health literacy levels of university students, who are a risky group.
Method: The universe of the research consists of students from a foundation university and it was conducted with 657 students. The data were collected with the sociodemographic information form prepared by the researchers and the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS).
Results: The total mean score of MHLS was 112.90±10.26. Mental health literacy levels of female students were found to be higher than male students. It has been found that students with high and medium-income levels have more knowledge about how to access information and professional help and have more positive attitudes towards mental health diseases. It has been observed that the mental health literacy levels of the students who have a mental illness in themselves or in the individuals around them are higher.
Conclusion: In order to increase the mental health literacy levels of students, it is thought that it is important to provide training programs on mental health at certain intervals in universities and to provide active social support systems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mental health, mental health literacy, university students.

Kaynakça

• 1. World Health Organization. Basic Documents (İnternet) 2001. (07.07.2021 tarihinde erişildi). Erişim adresi:https://apps.who.int/gb/bd/PDF/bd48/basic-documents-48th-edition-en.pdf
• 2. Gültekin BK. Ruhsal bozuklukların önlenmesi: Kavramsal çerçeve ve sınıflandırma. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. 2010;2(4):583-94.
• 3. Öztürk MO, Uluşahin, A. Ruh Sağlığı ve Bozuklukları. On beşinci baskı, Ankara: Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, 2018.
• 4. World Health Organization. Mental Health Atlas [İnternet] 2017. (07.07.2021 tarihinde erişildi). Erişim adresi: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/272735/9789241514019-eng.pdf?ua=1.
• 5. TÜİK. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu 15 yaş ve üstü bireylerin son 12 ay içerisinde yaşadığı başlıca hastalık/sağlık sorunlarının cinsiyete göre dağılımı verileri [İnternet] 2019. (07.07.2021 tarihinde erişildi). Erişim adresi: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=saglik-ve-sosyal-koruma-101&dil=1.
• 6. Pedrelli P, Nyer M, Yeung A, Zulauf C, Wilens T. College students: mental health problems and treatment considerations. Academic Psychiatry. 2015;39(5):503-11.
• 7. Kim EJ, Yu JH, Kim EY. Pathways linking mental health literacy to professional help‐seeking intentions in Korean college students. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing. 2020;27(4):393-405.
• 8. Zochil ML, Thorsteinsson EB. Exploring poor sleep, mental health, and help‐seeking intention in university students. Australian journal of psychology. 2018;70(1):41-7.
• 9. Taşkın EO. Ruhsal hastalıklarda damgalama ve ayrımcılık. Stigma ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik tutumlar ve damgalama. 2007;1:17-30.
• 10. Yuksel C, Bingol F, Oflaz F. ‘Stigma: the cul‐de‐sac of the double bind’the perspective of T urkiye; a phenomenological study. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing. 2014;21(8):667-78.
• 11. Jorm AF, Korten AE, Jacomb PA, Christensen H, Rodgers B, Pollitt P. “Mental health literacy”: a survey of the public's ability to recognise mental disorders and their beliefs about the effectiveness of treatment. Medical journal of Australia. 1997;166(4):182-6.
• 12. Van Beveren L, Rutten K, Hensing G, Spyridoula N, Schønning V, Axelsson M, et al. A Critical Perspective on Mental Health News in Six European Countries: How Are “Mental Health/Illness” and “Mental Health Literacy” Rhetorically Constructed? Qualitative health research. 2020;30(9):1362-78.
• 13. Clement S, Schauman O, Graham T, Maggioni F, Evans-Lacko S, Bezborodovs N, et al. What is the impact of mental health-related stigma on help-seeking? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. Psychological medicine. 2015;45(1):11-27.
• 14. Haugen PT, McCrillis AM, Smid GE, Nijdam MJ. Mental health stigma and barriers to mental health care for first responders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of psychiatric research. 2017;94:218-29.
• 15. O’Connor M, Casey L. The Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS): A new scale-based measure of mental health literacy. Psychiatry research. 2015;229(1-2):511-6.
• 16. Kesgın MT, Pehlıvan Ş, Uymaz P. Ruh Sagligi Okuryazarligi Ölçeginin Türkçe uyarlamasi: Geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalismasi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2020;21:5-13.
• 17. Ratnayake P, Hyde C. Mental health literacy, help-seeking behaviour and wellbeing in young people: implications for practice. The Educational and Developmental Psychologist. 2019;36(1):16-21.
• 18. Göktaş S, Işıklı B, Metintaş S. Ruh sağlığı okuryazarlığı-mental health literacy. Eskişehir Türk Dünyası Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Halk Sağlığı Dergisi (ISSN: 2564-6311). 2018;3(2).
• 19. Özel Y, Duzcu T. Ruh sağlığı okuryazarlığı. Akademik Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2018;77:380-7.
• 20. Almanasef M. Mental Health Literacy and Help-Seeking Behaviours Among Undergraduate Pharmacy Students in Abha, Saudi Arabia. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy. 2021;14:1281.
• 21. Gorczynski P, Sims-Schouten W, Hill D, Wilson JC. Examining mental health literacy, help seeking behaviours, and mental health outcomes in UK university students. The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice. 2017;12:111-20.
• 22. Gorczynski P, Sims-Schouten W, Wilson C. Evaluating mental health literacy and help-seeking behaviours in UK university students: a country wide study. Journal of public mental health. 2020;19:311-9.
• 23. Miles R, Rabin L, Krishnan A, Grandoit E, Kloskowski K. Mental health literacy in a diverse sample of undergraduate students: demographic, psychological, and academic correlates. BMC public health. 2020;20(1):1-13.
• 24. Pehlivan Ş, Tokur Kesgi N M, Uymaz P. Psychological distress and mental health literacy in university students. Perspectives in psychiatric care. 2020:1-9.
• 25. Fitri RR. Mental Health Literacy of University Students. Psychological Research and Intervention. 2019;2(2):55-64.
• 26. Wong K. Gender differences in mental health literacy of university students. Western Undergraduate Psychology Journal. 2016;4(1).
• 27. Cormier E, Park H, Schluck G. eMental Health Literacy and Knowledge of Common Child Mental Health Disorders among Parents of Preschoolers. Issues in mental health nursing. 2020;41(6):540-51.
• 28. Jung H, von Sternberg K, Davis K. Expanding a measure of mental health literacy: Development and validation of a multicomponent mental health literacy measure. Psychiatry Res. 2016;243:278-86.
• 29. Furnham A, Swami V. Mental health literacy: A review of what it is and why it matters. International Perspectives in Psychology. 2018;7(4):240-57.
• 30. Noh JW, Kwon YD, Yu S, Park H, Woo JM. A study of mental health literacy among North Korean refugees in South Korea. Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi. 2015;48(1):62-71.
• 31. Jacobs RJ, Ownby RL, Acevedo A, Waldrop-Valverde D. A qualitative study examining health literacy and chronic illness self-management in Hispanic and non-Hispanic older adults. Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare. 2017;10:167.
• 32. Dattani S, Ritchie H, Roser M. Mental Health. Our World in Data [İnternet] 2018. (07.07.2021 tarihinde erişildi) https://ourworldindata.org/mental-health Accessed 09.07.2021.
• 33. CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Mental health [İnternet] 2018. (07.07.2021 tarihinde erişildi). Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/mentalhealth/data_publications/index.htm.
• 34. Rafal G, Gatto A, DeBate R. Mental health literacy, stigma, and help-seeking behaviors among male college students. Journal of American college health. 2018;66(4):284-91.
• 35. Clough BA, Nazareth SM, Casey LM. Making the grade: a pilot investigation of an e-intervention to increase mental health literacy and help-seeking intentions among international university students. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling. 2020;48(3):347-59.
• 36. Lu SH, Dear BF, Johnston L, Wootton BM, Titov N. An internet survey of emotional health, treatment seeking and barriers to accessing mental health treatment among Chinese-speaking international students in Australia. Counselling Psychology Quarterly. 2014;27(1):96-108.
• 37. Smith CL, Shochet IM. The impact of mental health literacy on help-seeking intentions: Results of a pilot study with first year psychology students. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion. 2011;13(2):14-20.
• 38. Gulliver A, Griffiths KM, Christensen H. Perceived barriers and facilitators to mental health help-seeking in young people: a systematic review. BMC psychiatry. 2010;10(1):1-9.