DEĞİŞEN İLETİŞİM TEKNOLOJİLERİ BAĞLAMINDA SANAT ÜRETİMİ: YAPAY ZEKÂ İLE YARATICILIĞI SINIRLANDIRMAK MI, YOKSA ÖZGÜRLEŞTİRMEK Mİ?

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 59 - 68, 01.01.2026

Burak Pekün

Öz

Bu çalışma, yapay zekânın sanatta yaratıcılığı kısıtlayıp kısıtlamadığını ya da özgürleştirip özgürleştirmediğini araştırmakta; teknolojik aracılığın sanatsal üretimi nasıl şekillendirdiğine odaklanmaktadır. Nitel bir araştırma tasarımı benimsenmiştir. Tematik analiz, 2018–2025 yılları arasında yayımlanmış 35 metinden oluşan bir örneklem üzerinde, Johnson-Laird’in (1988) yaratıcı düşünceye dair kuramsal temeliyle birlikte gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklem; felsefe, estetik, iletişim, sanat tarihi, eğitim ve bilgisayar bilimi gibi alanlardan akademik makaleler, sektör raporları ve kamuya açık yorumları içermektedir. Analiz dört ana tema ortaya koymaktadır: niyet ve anlam, kısıtlama ile özgürleşme diyalektiği, insan ve YZ tarafından üretilen yaratıcılığın algıları ve teknolojinin yaratıcı süreçlerin aracı ve güçlendiricisi olarak rolü. Bulgular, niyetin insan ve YZ yaratıcılığı arasındaki temel ayrım olarak kaldığını göstermektedir. YZ, yerleşik stilleri taklit eden çıktılar üretebilse de örtük bilgi ve bedensel anlam eksikliği, onun özerk bir yaratıcı olarak tanınmasını sınırlandırmaktadır. Kısıtlama ve özgürleşme diyalektiği, YZ’nin doğası gereği yaratıcılığı ne özgürleştirdiğini ne de kısıtladığını göstermektedir; bunun yerine değeri, sanatçıların algoritmik sınırlamaları nasıl benimsediğine bağlıdır. Yaratıcılığa ilişkin algılar da aynı ölçüde önemlidir; kültürel önyargılar insan yazarlığını ayrıcalıklı kılarken, hibrit yazarlık modelleri daha geniş kabul potansiyeli göstermektedir. YZ, yaratıcı olanakları güçlendiren bir teknoloji aracı olarak işlev görür, ancak aynı zamanda eser sahipliği ve emekle ilgili sömürücü altyapıları ve etik zorlukları da gündeme getirir. Bu çalışma, YZ’yi yaratıcılığa dair uzun süredir devam eden tartışmalar bağlamına yerleştirerek, onun rolünün insan öznesinin yerini almaktan ziyade yaratıcı pratiğin koşullarını yeniden şekillendirmekte yattığını vurgulamaktadır. Uygulamalı sonuçlar, sanatçılar, eğitimciler ve kurumların YZ’yi çalışmalarına eleştirel biçimde entegre etmeleri gereğini öne çıkarmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yaratıcılık , Yapay Zekâ , Niyet , GAN , Strateji

ART MAKING IN THE CONTEXT OF CHANGING COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE – CONSTRAINING OR FREEING CREATIVITY

Öz

This study investigates whether artificial intelligence constrains or liberates creativity in the arts focusing on how technological mediation shapes artistic production. It adopts a qualitative research design. Thematic analysis examines a sample of 35 texts published between 2018-2025, alongside Johnson-Laird’s (1988) foundational theory of creativity. The sample includes academic articles, industry reports, and public commentaries from fields such as philosophy, aesthetics, communication, art history, education, and computer science. The analysis identifies four overarching themes: intentionality and meaning, the dialectic of constraints and liberation, perceptions of human versus AI-generated creativity, and technology as mediator and amplifier of creative processes. Findings show that intentionality remains the principal distinction between human-AI creativity. While AI can generate outputs that mimic established styles, its lack of tacit knowledge and embodied meaning constrains its recognition as autonomous creativity. The dialectic of constraint and liberation further demonstrates that AI does not inherently liberate or restrict creativity. Instead, its value depends on how artists appropriate algorithmic limits. Perceptions of creativity are equally important, with cultural biases privileging human authorship, though hybrid authorship models show potential for broader acceptance. AI functions as a technological mediator, amplifying creative possibilities but simultaneously embedding extractive infrastructures and ethical challenges around authorship and labour. The study contributes to literature by situating AI within long-standing debates on creativity, emphasising that its role lies less in replacing human agency than in reshaping conditions of creative practice. Practical implications highlight the need for artists, educators, and institutions to critically integrate AI in their work.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Creativity , AI , Intention , GAN , Strategy

Kaynakça

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