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ANALYSIS OF CYBERBULLIES' FLAMING BEHAVIOR TOWARD CELEBRITY BRAND MANAGEMENT: THE CASE OF MERVE DIZDAR AT CANNES

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 103 - 115
https://doi.org/10.7456/tojdac.1562293

Öz

The rapidly changing landscape of new media poses significant challenges for social scientists striving to define sociological and psychological contexts. The emergence of "Online flaming" as a behavior post-Web 2.0 technology exemplifies this challenge, embodying a form of cyberbullying characterized by insulting messages online, which transgress societal norms. This study integrates the stances and actions of celebrity brands on social media within their brand management processes. Employing netnography—an online ethnographic research method that systematically analyzes online communities—this study scrutinizes flaming behaviors impacting the personal brand management processes of actress Merve Dizdar on YouTube. The sample consists of the most-liked comments and sub-comments from the top five YouTube channels featuring Dizdar's speech, categorized into six flame behavior types: direct and intentional flame, indirect flame, straight flame, satirical flame, hot flame, and cold flame. Through netnography, the study examines the cultural essence of cyberbullying embedded within flaming behaviors. Findings of the research reveals the prevalent use of exclusionary language against the actress, with cyberbullies aiming to negatively impact her motivation. This research highlights the widespread use of exclusionary language, emphasizing its potential impact on the actress's online reputation and psychological well-being. Moreover, cyberbullies' aim to negatively affect the actress's motivation highlights the broader implications of online flaming on public figures. The study calls attention to brand management challenges in the digital age and offers insights for future research, aiming to foster a healthier online environment.

Kaynakça

  • Aripin, N., Rashid, S. M., Ismail, A., & Limgam, R. A. (2020). Ethics and Law on Flaming on Youtube: A Perception From The FLlamers on Youtube. International Journal of Law Government and Communication, 54-67.
  • Balakrishnan, J., & Griffiths, M. (2017). Social media addiction: What is the role of content in YouTube? Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 364-377.
  • Bartl, M., Kannan, V. K., & Stockinger, H. (2016). A review and analysis of literature on netnography research. International Journal of Technology Marketing, 165-196.
  • Bbc News. (2024, May 20). https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/cjm7mx0lyvyo. Bbc: https://www.bbc.com
  • Bowler, G. (2010). Netnography: A Method Specifically Designed to Study Cultures and Communities Online. The Qualitative Report, 1270-1275.
  • Chakraborty, T., & Masud, S. (2022). Nipping in the bud: detection, diffusion and mitigation of hate speech on social media. ACM SIGWEB Newsletter, 1-9.
  • Coombes, P., & Jones, S. (2020). Toward auto-netnography in consumer studies. International Journal of Market Research, 658-665.
  • Crichton, S., & Kinash, S. (2008). Virtual Ethnography: Interactive Interviewing Online as Method. Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology , 1-5.
  • Cronin, J., & Cocker, H. (2018). Managing collective effervescence: ‘Zomsumption’ and postemotional fandom. Marketing Theory, 281-299.
  • Dwivedi , A., Johnson, L., & McDonald, R. (2015). Celebrity endorsement, self-brand connection and consumer-based brand equity. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 449-461.
  • Eng, B., & Jarvis, C. (2020). Consumers and Their Celebrity Brands: How Personal Narratives Set the Stage for Attachment Set the Stage for Attachm. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 1-49.
  • Filter, E., Eckes, A., Fiebelkorn, F., & Büssing, A. G. (2020). Virtual Reality Nature Experiences Involving Wolves on YouTube: Presence, Emotions, and Attitudes in Immersive and Nonimmersive Settings. Sustainability, 1-23.
  • Freire, O., Quevedo-Silva, F., Senise, D., & Scrivano, P. (2018). The effectiveness of celebrity endorsement in aspiring new celebrities. Rausp Management Journal, 289-303.
  • Görgün Deveci, F., & Ünal, S. (2021). The Effect of Individual and Environmental Motivations on YouTuber Followers’ Behavioral Changes. Istanbul Business Research, 435-463.
  • Hà, N., & Lam, N. (2016). The Effects of Celebrity Endorsement on Customer’s Attitude toward Brand and Purchase Intention. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 64-77.
  • Hill, V., Grant, W., Mcmahon, M., & Singhal, I. (2022). How prominent science communicators on YouTube understand the impact of their work. Frontiers in Communication, 1-13.
  • Huang, T.-Y., Chen, W.-K., Chen, C.-W., & Silalahi, A. D. (2022). Understanding How Product Reviews on YouTube Affect Consumers’ Purchase Behaviors in Indonesia: An Exploration Using the Stimulus-Organism-Response Paradigm. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 1-19.
  • Ilicic, J., & Webster, C. (2011). Effects of Multiple Endorsements and Consumer–Celebrity Attachment on Attitude and Purchase Intention. Australasian Marketing Journal, 230-237.
  • Iqbal, M. (2024, July 15). https://www.businessofapps.com/data/youtube-statistics/. Business of Apps: https://www.businessofapps.com
  • Kandemir Altunel, G., & Çifçi, İ. (2021). Fine-Dining Restoranlarda Müşteri Memnuniyetini Etkileyen Unsurların Belirlenmesi: Netnografik Bir Araştırma. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1523-1537.
  • Kegen, M. (2015). Engage Me: How YouTube MotorVloggers Can Maximise User Engagement. SocArXiv Papers, 3-16.
  • Kennedy, A., Baxter, S., & Kulczynski, A. (2021). Promoting authenticity through celebrity brands. European Journal of Marketing, 2072-2099.
  • Kepios. (2024, August 10). https://datareportal.com/social-media-users. Datareportal Web Sitesi: https://www.datareportal.com
  • Kim, J. Y. (2023). Machines Do Not Decide Hate Speech. Social Science Open Access, 3(2), 355-369.
  • Kircaburun, K., Balta, S., Emirtekin, E., Tosuntaş, Ş. B., Demetrovics, Z., & Griffiths, M. (2021). Compensatory usage of the internet: the case of mukbang watching on youtube. Psychiatry Investigation, 269-276.
  • Klobas, J., McGill, T., Moghavvemi, S., & Paramanathan, T. (2019). Problematic and extensive YouTube use: first hand reports. Online Information Review, 265-282.
  • Kozinets, R. (1998). On Netnography: Initial Reflections on ConsumerResearch Investigations of Cyberculture. Advances in Consumer Research, 366-371.
  • Kozinets, R. (2010). Netnography: Doing Ethnographic Research Online. London: Sage.
  • Kozinets, R. (2015). Netnography: Redefined --first two chapters preview. London: Sage.
  • Kozinets, R. (2015). Netnography: Redefined --first two chapters preview. London: Sage.
  • Latip-Yusoph , S. (2016). Language Trends in Social Media: Manifestations of Meranaws’ Use of English on Facebook. US-China Foreign Language, 480-490.
  • Lee, M., & Lee, H.-H. (2021). Do Parasocial Interactions and Vicarious Experiences in the Beauty YouTube Channels Promote Consumer Purchase Intention? International Journal of Consumer Studies, 235-248.
  • Lingam, R., & Aripin, N. (2017). Comments on Fire! Classifying Flaming Comments on YouTube Videos in Malaysia . Malaysian Journal of Communication , 104-118.
  • Mimoun, M., Garnier, M., & Depledt, D. (2015). My Little Box, Oh My Little Box A Video-Netnographic Study On The Expression Of Values In Subscription-Based E-Commerce. Journal of Applied Business Research, 1159-1166.
  • Mkono, M. (2012). A netnographic examination of constructive authenticity in Victoria Falls tourist (restaurant) experiences. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 387-394.
  • Nitin, Srivastava, A., Dwivedi, A., Sood, K., Gupta, M., & Shandil, P. (2012). Behavioural Responses and Proclivity of Facebook Users Towards Flaming. Issues in Information Systems, 25-39.
  • O’Sullivan , P., & Flanagin, A. (2003). Reconceptualizing ‘flaming’ and other problematic messages. New Media & Society, 69-94.
  • Özer, A., Ekinci, Y., & Koçak, A. (2022). Does celebrity attachment influence brand attachment and brand loyalty in celebrity endorsement? A mixed methods study. Psychologhy&Marketing, 2384-2400.
  • Parmar, Y., & Mann, B. (2020). Exploring the Relationship Between Celebrity Worship and Brand Equity: The Mediating Role of Self-brand Connection. Journal of Creative Communications, 61-80.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2014). Nitel Araştırma ve Değerlendirme Yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Prabandari, A. P., Cahyaningtyas, I., & Wibawa, K. C. (2021). The Role of Indonesia Virtual Police in Countering Hate Speech on Social Media. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Law, Economic, Governance. EAI.
  • Punch, K. (2014). Sosyal Araştırmalara Giriş Nicel ve Nitel Araştırmalar. Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Rashid, Y., & Zeeshan, M. (2018). Customer Attitude towards Online Ads of Smartphone Brands: A Netnographic Analysis of User Generated Comments on YouTube. Journal of Management Sciences, 40-64.
  • Reeves, R., Baker, G., & Truluck, C. (2012). Celebrity Worship, Materialism, Compulsive Buying, and the Empty Self. Psychologhy&Marketing, 674-679.
  • Reid, E., & Duffy, K. (2018). A netnographic sensibility: developing the netnographic/social listening boundaries. Journal of Marketing Management, 263-286.
  • Ricketts, J., Barry, D., Guo, W., & Pelham , J. (2023). A Scoping Literature Review of Natural Language Processing Application to Safety Occurrence Reports. Safety, 9-22.
  • Schmitz, M., Murić, G., & Burghardt, K. (2022). Quantifying How Hateful Communities Radicalize Online Users. IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (s. 139-146). IEEE.
  • Setiawan, R., & Setyohadi, D. (2017). Analisis Komunikasi Sosial Media Twitter sebagai Saluran Layanan Pelanggan Provider Internet dan Seluler di Indonesia. Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Business Intelligence, 16-25.
  • Spry, A., Pappu, R., & Cornwell , B. (2011). Celebrity endorsement, brand credibility and brand equity. European Journal of Marketing, 882-909.
  • Ștefăniță, O., & Buf, D.-M. (2021). Hate Speech in Social Media and Its Effects on the LGBT Community: A Review of the Current Research. Romanion Journal of Communication and Public Relations, 47-55.
  • Udovita, V. (2020). Impact of Celebrity Brand Endorsement on Consumer Buying Behaviour on Modern Trade in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka Journal of Marketing, 36-54.
  • Um, N.-H., & Kim, S. (2016). Determinants for Effects of Celebrity Negative Information: When to Terminate a Relationship with a Celebrity Endorser in Trouble? Marketing&Psychology, 864-874.
  • Varnalı, K. (2019). Dijital kabilelerin izinde: Sosyal netnografik araştırmalar. İstanbul: Mediacat.
  • Wang, W., Huang, M., Zheng, S., Lin, L., & Wang, L. (2022). The Impact of Broadcasters on Consumer’s Intention to Follow Livestream Brand Community. Frontiers in Psychology, 3-12.
  • Waseem, Z., & Hovy, D. (2016). Hateful Symbols or Hateful People? Predictive Features for Hate Speech Detection on Twitter. Proceedings of the NAACL Student Research Workshop (s. 88-93). San Diego, California: Association for Computational Linguistics.
  • Yıldız, G. (2024, August 12). https://www.marketingturkiye.com.tr/haberler/2024-sosyal-medya-trendleri/. Marketing Turkiye Web Sitesi: https://www.marketingturkiye.com.tr/

SİBER ZORBALARIN ÜNLÜ MARKALARINA YÖNELİK PARLAMA DAVRANIŞLARININ ANALİZİ: CANNES'DA MERVE DİZDAR ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 103 - 115
https://doi.org/10.7456/tojdac.1562293

Öz

Yeni medya ortamındaki hızlı değişim, sosyologların ve psikologların sosyal ve psikolojik bağlamları tanımlama çabaları için bazı zorluklar sunmaktadır. Web 2.0 teknolojisiyle ortaya çıkan "Çevrimiçi parlama" davranışı bu zorluğun bir örneğini temsil etmekte ve toplumsal normları ihlal eden aşağılayıcı çevrimiçi mesajlar biçiminde bir siber zorbalığı ifade etmektedir. Bu çalışma, ünlü markaların sosyal medyadaki duruşları ve eylemlerini, marka yönetimi süreçleriyle bütünleştirmektedir. Çalışma, çevrimiçi toplulukları sistematik bir şekilde analiz eden çevrimiçi etnografik bir araştırma yöntemi olan netnografi kullanılarak, Merve Dizdar’ın YouTube üzerindeki kişisel marka yönetim süreçlerini etkileyen parlama davranışlarını incelemektedir. Örneklem, Dizdar’ın konuşmasının yer aldığı en çok beğenilen beş YouTube kanalındaki en popüler yorumlar ve alt yorumlardan oluşmaktadır. Netnografi aracılığıyla çalışma, parlama davranışları içinde yer alan siber zorbalığın kültürel özünü incelemektedir. Araştırma bulguları, oyuncuya karşı dışlayıcı dilin yaygın bir şekilde kullanıldığını ortaya koymakta ve siber zorba kişilerin onun motivasyonunu olumsuz etkilemeyi hedeflediğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, dışlayıcı dilin yaygın kullanımını vurgulayarak, bunun oyuncunun çevrimiçi itibarı ve psikolojik iyi oluşu üzerindeki potansiyel etkilerini gözler önüne sermektedir. Ayrıca siber zorba kişilerin oyuncunun motivasyonunu olumsuz etkileme amacı çevrimiçi parlamanın kamu figürleri üzerindeki daha geniş etkilerine dikkat çekmektedir. Çalışma, dijital çağda marka yönetimi zorluklarına işaret etmekte ve daha sağlıklı bir çevrimiçi ortam oluşturma amacını güden gelecekteki araştırmalara yönelik içgörüler sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Aripin, N., Rashid, S. M., Ismail, A., & Limgam, R. A. (2020). Ethics and Law on Flaming on Youtube: A Perception From The FLlamers on Youtube. International Journal of Law Government and Communication, 54-67.
  • Balakrishnan, J., & Griffiths, M. (2017). Social media addiction: What is the role of content in YouTube? Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 364-377.
  • Bartl, M., Kannan, V. K., & Stockinger, H. (2016). A review and analysis of literature on netnography research. International Journal of Technology Marketing, 165-196.
  • Bbc News. (2024, May 20). https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/cjm7mx0lyvyo. Bbc: https://www.bbc.com
  • Bowler, G. (2010). Netnography: A Method Specifically Designed to Study Cultures and Communities Online. The Qualitative Report, 1270-1275.
  • Chakraborty, T., & Masud, S. (2022). Nipping in the bud: detection, diffusion and mitigation of hate speech on social media. ACM SIGWEB Newsletter, 1-9.
  • Coombes, P., & Jones, S. (2020). Toward auto-netnography in consumer studies. International Journal of Market Research, 658-665.
  • Crichton, S., & Kinash, S. (2008). Virtual Ethnography: Interactive Interviewing Online as Method. Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology , 1-5.
  • Cronin, J., & Cocker, H. (2018). Managing collective effervescence: ‘Zomsumption’ and postemotional fandom. Marketing Theory, 281-299.
  • Dwivedi , A., Johnson, L., & McDonald, R. (2015). Celebrity endorsement, self-brand connection and consumer-based brand equity. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 449-461.
  • Eng, B., & Jarvis, C. (2020). Consumers and Their Celebrity Brands: How Personal Narratives Set the Stage for Attachment Set the Stage for Attachm. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 1-49.
  • Filter, E., Eckes, A., Fiebelkorn, F., & Büssing, A. G. (2020). Virtual Reality Nature Experiences Involving Wolves on YouTube: Presence, Emotions, and Attitudes in Immersive and Nonimmersive Settings. Sustainability, 1-23.
  • Freire, O., Quevedo-Silva, F., Senise, D., & Scrivano, P. (2018). The effectiveness of celebrity endorsement in aspiring new celebrities. Rausp Management Journal, 289-303.
  • Görgün Deveci, F., & Ünal, S. (2021). The Effect of Individual and Environmental Motivations on YouTuber Followers’ Behavioral Changes. Istanbul Business Research, 435-463.
  • Hà, N., & Lam, N. (2016). The Effects of Celebrity Endorsement on Customer’s Attitude toward Brand and Purchase Intention. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 64-77.
  • Hill, V., Grant, W., Mcmahon, M., & Singhal, I. (2022). How prominent science communicators on YouTube understand the impact of their work. Frontiers in Communication, 1-13.
  • Huang, T.-Y., Chen, W.-K., Chen, C.-W., & Silalahi, A. D. (2022). Understanding How Product Reviews on YouTube Affect Consumers’ Purchase Behaviors in Indonesia: An Exploration Using the Stimulus-Organism-Response Paradigm. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 1-19.
  • Ilicic, J., & Webster, C. (2011). Effects of Multiple Endorsements and Consumer–Celebrity Attachment on Attitude and Purchase Intention. Australasian Marketing Journal, 230-237.
  • Iqbal, M. (2024, July 15). https://www.businessofapps.com/data/youtube-statistics/. Business of Apps: https://www.businessofapps.com
  • Kandemir Altunel, G., & Çifçi, İ. (2021). Fine-Dining Restoranlarda Müşteri Memnuniyetini Etkileyen Unsurların Belirlenmesi: Netnografik Bir Araştırma. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1523-1537.
  • Kegen, M. (2015). Engage Me: How YouTube MotorVloggers Can Maximise User Engagement. SocArXiv Papers, 3-16.
  • Kennedy, A., Baxter, S., & Kulczynski, A. (2021). Promoting authenticity through celebrity brands. European Journal of Marketing, 2072-2099.
  • Kepios. (2024, August 10). https://datareportal.com/social-media-users. Datareportal Web Sitesi: https://www.datareportal.com
  • Kim, J. Y. (2023). Machines Do Not Decide Hate Speech. Social Science Open Access, 3(2), 355-369.
  • Kircaburun, K., Balta, S., Emirtekin, E., Tosuntaş, Ş. B., Demetrovics, Z., & Griffiths, M. (2021). Compensatory usage of the internet: the case of mukbang watching on youtube. Psychiatry Investigation, 269-276.
  • Klobas, J., McGill, T., Moghavvemi, S., & Paramanathan, T. (2019). Problematic and extensive YouTube use: first hand reports. Online Information Review, 265-282.
  • Kozinets, R. (1998). On Netnography: Initial Reflections on ConsumerResearch Investigations of Cyberculture. Advances in Consumer Research, 366-371.
  • Kozinets, R. (2010). Netnography: Doing Ethnographic Research Online. London: Sage.
  • Kozinets, R. (2015). Netnography: Redefined --first two chapters preview. London: Sage.
  • Kozinets, R. (2015). Netnography: Redefined --first two chapters preview. London: Sage.
  • Latip-Yusoph , S. (2016). Language Trends in Social Media: Manifestations of Meranaws’ Use of English on Facebook. US-China Foreign Language, 480-490.
  • Lee, M., & Lee, H.-H. (2021). Do Parasocial Interactions and Vicarious Experiences in the Beauty YouTube Channels Promote Consumer Purchase Intention? International Journal of Consumer Studies, 235-248.
  • Lingam, R., & Aripin, N. (2017). Comments on Fire! Classifying Flaming Comments on YouTube Videos in Malaysia . Malaysian Journal of Communication , 104-118.
  • Mimoun, M., Garnier, M., & Depledt, D. (2015). My Little Box, Oh My Little Box A Video-Netnographic Study On The Expression Of Values In Subscription-Based E-Commerce. Journal of Applied Business Research, 1159-1166.
  • Mkono, M. (2012). A netnographic examination of constructive authenticity in Victoria Falls tourist (restaurant) experiences. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 387-394.
  • Nitin, Srivastava, A., Dwivedi, A., Sood, K., Gupta, M., & Shandil, P. (2012). Behavioural Responses and Proclivity of Facebook Users Towards Flaming. Issues in Information Systems, 25-39.
  • O’Sullivan , P., & Flanagin, A. (2003). Reconceptualizing ‘flaming’ and other problematic messages. New Media & Society, 69-94.
  • Özer, A., Ekinci, Y., & Koçak, A. (2022). Does celebrity attachment influence brand attachment and brand loyalty in celebrity endorsement? A mixed methods study. Psychologhy&Marketing, 2384-2400.
  • Parmar, Y., & Mann, B. (2020). Exploring the Relationship Between Celebrity Worship and Brand Equity: The Mediating Role of Self-brand Connection. Journal of Creative Communications, 61-80.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2014). Nitel Araştırma ve Değerlendirme Yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Prabandari, A. P., Cahyaningtyas, I., & Wibawa, K. C. (2021). The Role of Indonesia Virtual Police in Countering Hate Speech on Social Media. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Law, Economic, Governance. EAI.
  • Punch, K. (2014). Sosyal Araştırmalara Giriş Nicel ve Nitel Araştırmalar. Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Rashid, Y., & Zeeshan, M. (2018). Customer Attitude towards Online Ads of Smartphone Brands: A Netnographic Analysis of User Generated Comments on YouTube. Journal of Management Sciences, 40-64.
  • Reeves, R., Baker, G., & Truluck, C. (2012). Celebrity Worship, Materialism, Compulsive Buying, and the Empty Self. Psychologhy&Marketing, 674-679.
  • Reid, E., & Duffy, K. (2018). A netnographic sensibility: developing the netnographic/social listening boundaries. Journal of Marketing Management, 263-286.
  • Ricketts, J., Barry, D., Guo, W., & Pelham , J. (2023). A Scoping Literature Review of Natural Language Processing Application to Safety Occurrence Reports. Safety, 9-22.
  • Schmitz, M., Murić, G., & Burghardt, K. (2022). Quantifying How Hateful Communities Radicalize Online Users. IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (s. 139-146). IEEE.
  • Setiawan, R., & Setyohadi, D. (2017). Analisis Komunikasi Sosial Media Twitter sebagai Saluran Layanan Pelanggan Provider Internet dan Seluler di Indonesia. Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Business Intelligence, 16-25.
  • Spry, A., Pappu, R., & Cornwell , B. (2011). Celebrity endorsement, brand credibility and brand equity. European Journal of Marketing, 882-909.
  • Ștefăniță, O., & Buf, D.-M. (2021). Hate Speech in Social Media and Its Effects on the LGBT Community: A Review of the Current Research. Romanion Journal of Communication and Public Relations, 47-55.
  • Udovita, V. (2020). Impact of Celebrity Brand Endorsement on Consumer Buying Behaviour on Modern Trade in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka Journal of Marketing, 36-54.
  • Um, N.-H., & Kim, S. (2016). Determinants for Effects of Celebrity Negative Information: When to Terminate a Relationship with a Celebrity Endorser in Trouble? Marketing&Psychology, 864-874.
  • Varnalı, K. (2019). Dijital kabilelerin izinde: Sosyal netnografik araştırmalar. İstanbul: Mediacat.
  • Wang, W., Huang, M., Zheng, S., Lin, L., & Wang, L. (2022). The Impact of Broadcasters on Consumer’s Intention to Follow Livestream Brand Community. Frontiers in Psychology, 3-12.
  • Waseem, Z., & Hovy, D. (2016). Hateful Symbols or Hateful People? Predictive Features for Hate Speech Detection on Twitter. Proceedings of the NAACL Student Research Workshop (s. 88-93). San Diego, California: Association for Computational Linguistics.
  • Yıldız, G. (2024, August 12). https://www.marketingturkiye.com.tr/haberler/2024-sosyal-medya-trendleri/. Marketing Turkiye Web Sitesi: https://www.marketingturkiye.com.tr/
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İletişim Çalışmaları, Yeni Medya
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALELERİ
Yazarlar

Özgül Dağlı 0000-0002-3173-9196

Muhammed Enes Yılmaz 0009-0004-1368-8171

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 23 Aralık 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 6 Ekim 2024
Kabul Tarihi 14 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Dağlı, Ö., & Yılmaz, M. E. (2024). ANALYSIS OF CYBERBULLIES’ FLAMING BEHAVIOR TOWARD CELEBRITY BRAND MANAGEMENT: THE CASE OF MERVE DIZDAR AT CANNES. Turkish Online Journal of Design Art and Communication, 15(1), 103-115. https://doi.org/10.7456/tojdac.1562293


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