THE EFFECTS OF PERSONALITY TRAITS AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON EMOTIONAL INFORMATION PROCESSING SPEED

Öz

In this present study, we aimed to explore whether personality traits within the Big Five model and trait emotional intelligence may have the ability to predict the response speed to emotional stimuli in athletes. We also investigated whether athletes' response speed may differ due to the stimuli's emotional content. The sample included 62 male student-athletes who participated in the study. Participants first completed measures of personality and emotional intelligence. Afterward, they completed an experimental task to measure response speed to emotional stimuli. In this experiment, participants responded to neutral, positive, or negative emotional pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Results demonstrated that extraversion and neuroticism were not correlated to response speed to emotional stimuli. However, consistent with our predictions, openness to experience was associated (p< .01) with the emotional information processing speed of positively valenced stimuli. Besides, the appraisal of emotions dimension of the trait emotional intelligence was also significantly and negatively correlated to response speed to positively valenced pictures. Although the present study provided only partial support for our predictions regarding the link between emotional information processing speed, personality, and emotional intelligence, our results have some preliminary implications for both researchers and practitioners. Accordingly, our study showed that openness to experience and appraisal of emotions might be a valuable construct for a better understanding individuals' responses to positive emotional stimuli and previously known personality traits.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Personality traits
• emotional intelligence
• IAPS
• response time

Kaynakça

1. Allbeck, J., & Badler, N. (2002). Toward representing agent behaviors modified by personality and emotion. Embodied Conversational Agents at AAMAS, 2(6), 15-19.
2. Austin, E. J., Saklofske, D. H., Huang, S. H. S., McKenney, D. (2004). Measuring trait emotional intelligence: testing and cross-validating a modified version of Schutte et al.'s (1998) measure. Personality and Individual Differences, 36(3), 555–562.
3. Borkenau, P., Paelecke, M., & Yu, R. (2010). Personality and lexical decision times for evaluative words. European Journal of Personality, 24(2), 123-136. https://doi.org/10.1002
4. Elliot, A. J., & Thrash, T. M. (2002). Approach-avoidance motivation in personality: Approach and avoidance temperaments and goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(5), 804–818. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.82.5.804
5. Eysenck HJ. (1967). The biological basis of personality. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
6. Eysenck HJ. & Eysenck M.W. (1985). Personality and Individual Differences: A Natural Science Approach. New York: Plenum Press.
7. Fiori, M., & Antonakis, J. (2012). Selective attention to emotional stimuli: What IQ and openness do, and emotional intelligence does not. Intelligence, 40(3), 245–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2012.02.004
8. Gignac, G. E., Stough, C., & Loukomitis, S. (2004). Openness, intelligence, and self-report intelligence. Intelligence, 32(2), 133–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2003.10.005

9. Gomez, R., Gomez, A., & Cooper, A. (2002). Neuroticism and extraversion as predictors of negative and positive emotional information processing: comparing Eysenck's, Gray's, and Newman's theories. European Journal of Personality, 16(5), 333-350.
10. Laborde, S., Brüll, A., Weber, J., & Anders, L. S. (2011). Trait emotional intelligence in sports: A protective role against stress through heart rate variability? Personality and Individual Differences, 51(1), 23–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.03.003
11. Laborde, S., Lautenbach, F., Allen, M. S., Herbert, C., & Achtzehn, S. (2014). The role of trait emotional intelligence in emotion regulation and performance under pressure. Personality and Individual Differences, 57(1), 43–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.09.013
12. Lang, P.J., Bradley, M.M., & Cuthbert, B.N. (2008). International affective picture system (IAPS): Affective ratings of pictures and instruction manual. Technical Report A-8. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
13. Larsen, R. J., & Ketelaar, T. (1989). Extraversion, neuroticism and susceptibility to positive and negative mood induction procedures. Personality and Individual Differences, 10(12), 1221–1228. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(89)90233-X
14. Lucas, R. E., & Diener, E. (2001). Understanding extraverts' enjoyment of social situations: The importance of pleasantness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(2), 343–356. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.81.2.343
15. McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1987). Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(1), 81-90.
16. McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. J. (1997). Conceptions and correlates of openness to experience. In & S. R. B. Hogan, J. A. Johnson (Ed.), Handbook of personality psychology (pp. 825–847). Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
17. Ng, W. (2009). Clarifying the relation between neuroticism and positive emotions. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(1), 69–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.01.049
18. Petrides, K. V., Frederickson, N., & Furnham, A. (2004). The role of trait emotional intelligence in academic performance and deviant behavior at school. Personality and Individual Differences, 36(2), 277–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00084-9
19. Petrides, K. V., & Furnham, A. (2000). Gender differences in measured and self-estimated trait emotional intelligence. Sex Roles, 42(5), 449-461.
20. Rusting, C. L., & Larsen, R. J. (1998). Personality and cognitive processing of affective information. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24(2), 200-213., 24(2), 200-213.
21. Rusting, C. L. (1999). Interactive effects of personality and mood on emotion-congruent memory and judgment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(5), 1073-1086.
22. Schutte, N. S., Malouff, J. M., Hall, L. E., Haggerty, D. J., Cooper, J. T., Golden, C. J., & Dornheim, L. (1998). Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 25(2), 167–177.
23. Tatar, A., Tok, S., & Saltukoglu, G. (2011). Adaptation of the revised schutte emotional intelligence scale into Turkish and examination of its psychometric properties. Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 21(4), 325–338.
24. Tatar, A. (2016). The development of short-form five factor personality inventory. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 17(1), 14-23. DOI: 10.5455/apd.202977
25. Tok, S., Binboǧa, E., Guven, S., Çatikkas, F., & Dane, S. (2013). Trait emotional intelligence, the Big Five personality traits and isometric maximal voluntary contraction level under stress in athletes. Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research, 19(16), 133–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npbr.2013.04.005
26. Tok, S., Koyuncu, M., Dural, S., & Catikkas, F. (2010). Evaluation of International Affective Picture System (IAPS) ratings in an athlete population and its relations to personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(5), 461–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.04.020