INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS' INJURIES ON SPORTS SUCCESS AND THE COSTS OF THEIR CLUBS IN THE TURKISH SUPER LEAGUE: THE THREE SEASONS BETWEEN 2019-2022

Öz

This research examines the effects of football player injuries on sportive success and the cost to their clubs in the three seasons of the Turkish Super League between 2019-2020-2021-2022. The study examined 59 clubs in the Super League in three seasons and the players in the large squads of these clubs (n = 2,388). A mixed research method was used in the research, and document analysis was made. The full cadres of the teams were taken as the basis for determining the team rosters. All league, European Qualification, and Turkish Cup matches played by the clubs during a season were included in the study. In calculating the total injury cost, the player's market value, the time not played in the match, and the loss of income due to the points that cannot be obtained due to the injury are included in the calculations. Health expenditures are excluded from the calculation. In terms of the averages of the three seasons examined in the study, the number of injured players in each season was 422, the number of injuries experienced was 1.046, the number of injuries per club was 44, the number of injured players per club was approximately 22, and the average number of injuries per football player was calculated as 1.79. It has been found that there may be some changes in the league ranking based on the points that can be obtained in the absence of injuries. In the last three seasons examined, the total cost of injuries is approximately 300 million Euros, the average of three seasons is about 100 million Euros, and the average cost of injuries to clubs is 4.5 million Euros per season, according to the market value of the teams, and the total cost of injuries is on average per club in each season. (Approximately) five million euros. It was concluded that the total cost of injuries increased in all three seasons, depending on the team's market value, and that they were experienced more in clubs that finished the league at the top. It can be suggested that clubs take preventive measures, and in this context, they should attach importance to measures such as the use of artificial intelligence, statistical data, continuous monitoring and evaluation of the physical conditions of football players in the prevention of injuries, especially training techniques.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Injury
• Cost
• Sporting Success
• Super League.

TÜRKİYE SÜPER LİGİ’NDE FUTBOLCU SAKATLIKLARININ SPORTİF BAŞARIYA ETKİSİ VE KULÜPLERİNE MALİYETİNİN İNCELENMESİ: 2019-2022 ARASINDA KALAN ÜÇ SEZON

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye Süper Ligi’nin 2019-2020-2021-2022 arasında kalan üç sezonunda futbolcu sakatlıklarının sportif başarıya etkisi ve kulüplerine maliyetinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmada, Süper Lig’de üç sezonda yer alan toplam 59 kulüp, bu kulüplerin geniş kadrolarında yer alan futbolcular (n=2,388) incelenmiştir. Araştırmada karma araştırma metodundan istifade edilmiş, doküman analizi yapılmıştır. Takım kadrolarının belirlenmesinde takımların tam kadroları esas alınmıştır. Kulüplerin bir sezon boyunca oynadığı, lig, Avrupa Elemeleri ve Türkiye Kupası maçlarının tamamı araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Toplam sakatlık maliyetinin hesaplanmasında, oyuncunun piyasa değeri karşılığı maça çıkılamayan süre ve sakatlık nedeniyle alınamayan puan karşılığı yaşanan gelir kaybı hesaplamalara dahil edilmiştir. Sağlık harcamaları hesaplama dışında tutulmuştur. Araştırmada incelenen üç sezonun ortalamaları bakımından, her sezonda sakatlanan futbolcu sayısı 422, yaşanan sakatlık sayısı 1,046, kulüp başına sakatlık sayısı 44, kulüp başına sakatlanan futbolcu sayısı yaklaşık 22 ve futbolcu başına ortalama sakatlık sayısı 1,79 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sakatlıkların yaşanmaması durumunda alınabilecek puanlara göre gerçekleşen lig sıralamasında bazı değişiklikler olabileceği bulunmuştur. İncelenen son üç sezonda, toplam sakatlık maliyetinin yaklaşık 300 milyon avro, üç sezon ortalamasının ise yaklaşık 100 milyon avro olduğu, takımların piyasa değerine göre sakatlıkların kulüplerine her sezonda ortalama maliyetinin yaklaşık 4,5 milyon avro olduğu, sakatlıkların toplam maliyetinin her sezonda ortalama olarak kulüp başına (yaklaşık) beş milyon avro olduğu görülmüştür. İncelenen üç sezonda da sakatlıkların toplam maliyetinin takım piyasa değerine bağlı olarak yükseldiği ve ligi üst sıralarda bitiren kulüplerde daha fazla sayıda yaşandığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Kulüplerin önleyici tedbirlere başvurmalarının ve bu kapsamda, antrenman teknikleri başta olmak üzere sakatlıkların önlenmesinde yapay zekâ, istatistiksel verilerin kullanılması, futbolcuların fiziksel durumlarının sürekli takip ve değerlendirilmesi şeklinde tedbirlere önem vermeleri önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sakatlık
• Maliyet
• Sportif Başarı
• Süper Lig.

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