Aileci Refah Rejimlerinde Ebeveyn İzinlerinin Sınırları: Güney Avrupa’da İş–Yaşam Dengesi Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz

Öz

Bu çalışma, aileci refah rejimleri bağlamında ebeveyn izinlerinin iş–yaşam dengesini destekleme kapasitesini karşılaştırmalı bir perspektiften incelemektedir. İtalya, İspanya, Yunanistan ve Portekiz örnekleri ile Türkiye’nin ebeveyn izinleri düzenlemeleri, politika tasarımı, gelir ikamesi düzeyi ve izinlerin devredilebilirlik özellikleri açısından analiz edilmektedir. Çalışma, benzer refah rejimi mantığına sahip ülkelerde ebeveyn izinlerinin kurumsal tasarım farklılıklarının toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği ve bakım sorumluluğunun paylaşımı üzerinde belirleyici olduğunu göstermektedir. Bulgular, ebeveyn izinlerinin süresinden ziyade bireysel ve devredilemez hak temelli tasarımının ve bakım hizmetleriyle bütünleşik bir kurumsal çerçevenin dönüştürücü etki açısından kritik olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Türkiye örneği, Güney Avrupa ülkeleriyle benzer aileci varsayımları paylaşmakla birlikte, daha sınırlı ve parçalı bir kurumsal yapı sergilemektedir. Çalışma, aileci refah rejimlerinde ebeveyn izinlerinin yapısal sınırlarını ortaya koyarak literatüre karşılaştırmalı bir katkı sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ebeveyn izinleri
• aileci refah rejimi
• işy-yaşam dengesi
• toplumsal cinsiyet

Limits Of Parental Leave In Familial Welfare Regimes: A Comporative Analaysis Of Work–Life Balance In Southern Europe

Öz

This study examines the capacity of parental leave policies to support work–life balance within familialistic welfare regimes from a comparative perspective. It analyzes the parental leave arrangements of Italy, Spain, Greece, and Portugal alongside Turkey, focusing on policy design, income replacement levels, and the transferability of leave entitlements. The findings demonstrate that, despite being widely adopted as social policy instruments, parental leave schemes in these contexts have limited transformative effects on the gendered division of care. Differences in institutional design—particularly the extent to which leave rights are individualized, non-transferable, and adequately compensated—emerge as key determinants of their effectiveness. The analysis suggests that the duration of leave alone does not ensure greater gender equality or improved work–life balance. Instead, transformative potential depends on rights-based design features and integration with broader childcare services. While Turkey shares core familialistic assumptions with Southern European countries, it exhibits a more fragmented and limited institutional framework. By incorporating Turkey into the Southern European welfare debate, the study highlights the structural constraints of parental leave policies in familialistic contexts and contributes to comparative welfare state literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• parental leave
• familialistic welfare regimes
• work-life balance
• gender

Kaynakça

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