The role of work life balance in the effect of boundaryless career and protean career attitudes on subjective career success
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 97 - 117, 30.06.2023
Selver Kurtuldu
,
Ayşe Oya Özçelik
Öz
In conjunction with the rise of new career approaches such as boundaryless career and protean career in today's working life, the subjective aspect of career success has begun to be emphasized in boundaryless career and protean career approaches, unlike the traditional career approach that emphasizes the objective aspect of career success. In this direction, the effect of boundaryless career and protean career attitudes on subjective career success was examined in this study. In addition, whether the work-life balance has a moderator role on this effect has been examined. Research data were collected from 400 white-collar employees who work in private sector enterprises in Istanbul and have at least five years of work experience. To test the hypotheses; hierarchical regression analysis was performed using the SPSS program. As a result of the study, the moderator role of work-life balance on the effect of boundaryless career attitude and protean career attitude on subjective career success has been determined.
Kaynakça
- Abele, A. E. & Wiese, B. S. (2008). The nomological network of self-management strategies and career success. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 81(4), 733–749.
- Adamson, S. J., Doherty, N. & Viney, C. (1998). The Meanings of Career Revisited: Implications for Theory and Practise. British Journal of Management, 9(4), 251-259.
- Arthur, M. B. & Rousseau, D. M. (1996). Introduction: The Boundaryless Career as a New Employment Principle, ss.3-20, The Boundaryless Career: A New Employment Principle for a New Organizational Era, (Eds): Michael B. Arthur, Denise M. Rousseau, Oxford University Press, New York.
- Arthur, M. B., Inkson, K. & Pringle, J. K. (1999). The New Careers: Individual Action and Economic Change, Sage Publications.
- Arthur, M. B., Khapova, S. N. & Wilderom, C. P. M. (2005). Career Success in a Boundaryless Career World. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(2), 177-202.
- Ballout, H. I. (2009). Career commitment and career success: moderating role of self-efficacy. Career Development International, 14(7), 655-670.
- Baruch, T. (2014), The Development And validation of a measure for protean career orientation. The International journal of Human Resoruce Management, 25(19), 20702-2723.
- Baruch, Y. & Peiperl, M. (2000). Career Management Practices: An Empirical Survey and Implications. Human Resource Management, 39(4), 347-366.
- Baruch, Y. (2004). Transforming Careers: From Linear to Multidirectional Career Paths Organizational and İndividual Perspectives. Career Development International, 9(1), 58-73.
- Beauregard, T., Lesley, A. & Henry, C. (2009). Making the link between work-life balance practices and organizational performance. Human Resource Management Review, 19(1), 9-22.
- Biemann, T. & Braakmann, N. (2013). The impact of international experience on objective and subjective career success in early careers. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24 (18), 3438–3456.
- Briscoe, J. P., Hall, D. T. & DeMuth, R.L.F. (2006). Protean and boundaryless careers: An empirical exploration. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(1), 30-47.
- Briscoe, J. P.& Hall, D. T. (2006). The Interplay of Boundaryless and Protean Careers: Combinations and Implications. Journal of Vacational Behavior, 69(1) 4-18.
- Briscoe, J. P.& Finkelstein, L. M. (2009). The “New Career” and Organizatonal Commitment: Do Boundaryless and Protean Attitudes Make a Difference?. Career Development International, 14(3) 242-260.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analiz El Kitabı, Pegem Akademi, Ankara.
- Cao, L., Hirschi, A. & Deller, J. (2013) The positive effects of a protean career attitude for self-initiated expatriates: Cultural adjustment as a mediator. Career Development International, 18(1), 56-77.
- Clarke, M. (2009). Plodders, Pragmatists, Visionaries and Opportunists: Career Patterns and Employability. Career Development International, 14(1), 8-28.
- Darcy, C., McCarthy, A., Hill, J. & Grady , G. (2012). Work–life balance: One size fits all? An exploratory analysis of the differential effect of career stages. Eurepean Management Journal, 30(1), 111-120.
- De Bruin, G. P. & Buchner, M. (2010). Factor and Item Response Theort Analysis of the Protean and Boundaryless Career Attituude Scales. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36(2), 1-11.
- De Vos, A. & Soens, N. (2008). Protean Attitude and Career Succes: The Mediating Role of Self-Management. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(3) 449-456.
- Delecta, P. (2011). Work Life Balance. International Journal of Current Research, 33(4), 186-189.
- Direnzo, M. S., Greenhaus, J. H. & Weer, C. H. (2015). Relationship between protean career orientation and work–life balance: A resource perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(4), 538-560.
- Doğan, A., Bozkurt, S. & Demir, R. (2015). Çalışanların Esnek Çalışmaya İlişkin Tutumlarını Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma. International Journal of Economic and Administrative Studies, 7(14), 375-398.
- Dries, N. (2011). The meaning of career success avoiding reification through a closer inspection of historical, cultural, and ideological contexts. Career Development International, 16(4), 364-384.
- Eby, L. T., Butts, M. & Lockwood, A. (2003). Predictors of Success in the Era of the Boundaryless Career. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(6), 689-708.
- Enache, M., Sallan, J. M., Simo, P. & Fernandez, V. (2011). Career attitudes and subjective career success: tackling gender differences. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 26(3), 234-250.
- Erdoğan, E. & Çiğdem, S. (2019). Portföy Çalışma ve Değişen Kariyer Davranışları: Freelance Çalışanların Deneyimleri Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme. Pesa International Journal of Social, Studies, 5(2), 184-199.
- Fisher-McAuley, G., Stanton, J. M., Jolton, J. A. & Gavin, J. (2003). Modeling the Relationship between Work/Life Balance and Organizational Outcomes. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial-Organizational Psychology, Orlando.
- Forret, M. L., Sullivan, S. E. & Mainiero, L. A. (2010). Gender Role Differences in Reactions to Unemployement: Exploring Psychological Mobility and Boundaryless Careers. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(5), 647-666.
- Gilbert, L. A. (2014). Men in dual-career families: Current realities and future prospects. NY: Psychology Press.
- Greenhaus, J. H., Parasuraman, S. & Vormley, W. M. (1990). Effects of Race on Organizational Experiances, Job Performance Evalalutions, and Career Outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 33(1), 64-86.
- Grimland, S., Vigoda-Gadot, E. & Baruch, Y. (2012). Career Attitudes and Success of Manager: The Impact of Change Event, Protean and Traditional Careers. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(6), 1074-1094.
- Gubler, M., Arnold, J. & Coombs, C. (2014). Reassessing the Protean Career Concept: Empirical Fndings, Conceptual Components, and Measurement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(1), 23-40.
- Hall, D. T. (1996). Protean Careers of The 21st Century. Academy of Management, 10(4), 8-16.
- Hall, D. T. (2004). The protean career: A quarter century-journey. Journal of Vacational Behavior, 65(1), 1-13.
- Hall, D. T. & Chandler, D. E. (2005). Psychological success: When the career is a calling. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(2), 55–176.
- Hall, D. T. & Moss, J. E. (1998). The New Protean Career Contract: Helping Organizations and Employees Adapt. Organizational Dynamics, 26(3), 22-37.
- Handy, C. (1994). The Empty Raincoat: Making Sense Of Future. Hutchinson, Great Britain.
- Hayman, J. (2005). Psychometric Assessment of an Instrument Designed to Measure Work Life Balance. Research and Practice in Human Resource Management, 13(1), 85-91.
- Herrbach, O. & Mignonac, K. (2012). Perceived Gender Discrimination and Women’s Subjective Career Success: The Moderating Role of Career Anchors. Industrial Relations, 67(1), 24-50.
- Heslin, P. A. (2003). Self- and Other-Referent Criteria of Career Success. Journal of Career Assessment, 11(3), 262–286.
- Heslin, P. A. (2005). Conceptualizing and Evaluating Career Success, Journal of Organizational Behavior, (26)2, 113-136.
- Inkson, K. (2006). Protean and Boundaryless Carees as Metaphors. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(1), 48-63.
- Judge, T. A., Higgins, C. A., Thoresen, C. J. & Barrick, M. R. (1999). The Big Five Personality Traits, General Mental Ability, and Career Success Across The Life Span. Personnal Psychology, 52(3), 621-652.
- Kalaycı, Ş. (2009). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikler, Asil Yayınevi.
- Kuijpers, M. A.C.T. & Scheerens, J. (2006). Career Competencies for the Modern Career. Journal of Career Development, 32(4), 303-319.
- Kurtuluş, K. (2010). Araştırma Yöntemleri. Türkmen Kitabevi, İstanbul.
- Küçükusta, D. (2007). Konaklama İşletmelerinde İş Yaşam Dengesinin Çalışma Yaşamı Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkisi, Unpublished doctoral dissertation Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi.
- Lips-Wiersma, M. & Hall, D. T. (2007). Organizational Career Development is Not Dead: A Case Study on Managing the New Career During Organizational Change. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 28(6), 771-792.
- Mallon, M. (1999). Going “portfolio”: Making sense of changing careers. Career Development International. 4(7), 358-70.
- Martins, L. L., Eddleston, K. A. & Veiga, J. F. (2002). Moderators of the Relationship Between Work Family Conflict And Career Satisfaction. Academy of Management Journal, 45(2), 399-409.
- Mirvis, P. H. & Hall, D. T. (1994). Psychological success and boundayless career. Journal of Organizational Bahavior, 15(4), 365-380.
- Nabi, G. R. (1999). An investigation into the differential profile of predictors of objective and subjective career success. Career Development International, 4(4), 212-224.
- Najam, U., Burki, U. & Khalid, V. (2020). Does Work-Life Balance Moderate the Relationship between Career Commitment and Career Success? Evidence from an Emerging Asian Economy. Administrative Sciences, 10(82), 1-12.
- Parasuraman, S., Purohit, Y. S., Godshalk, V. M. & Beutell, N. J. (1996). Work and Family Variables, Entrepreneurial Career Success, and Psychological Well-Being. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 48(3), 275–300.
- Park, Y. (2010). The predictors of subjective career success: an empirical study of employee development in a Korean financial company. International Journal of Training and Development, 14(1), 1-15.
- Pekdemir, I. & Koçoğlu-Sazkaya, M. (2014). İşkoliklik ile İş Yaşam Dengesi Arasındaki İlişkide Kişilik Özelliklerinin Aracılık Rolü Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14(1), 309 – 338.
- Peters, P., Dulk, L. & Lippe, T. (2009). The effects of time-spatial flexibility and new working conditions on employees’ work life balance: the Dutch case. Community, Work & Family, 12(3), 279-297.
- Polat, F.B. & Özdemir, Y. (2021). Yeni Kariyer Yaklaşımlarına Güncel Bir Bakış. İş ve İnsan Dergisi, 2(1), 107-121.
- Poon, J. M. L., Briscoe, J. P., Abdul-Ghania, R. & Jones, E. A. (2015). Meaning and determinants of career success: A Malaysian perspective. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 31(1), 21-29.
- Poon, J. M. L. (2004). Career commitment and career success: moderating role of emotion perception. Career Development International, 9(4), 374-390.
- Sammara, A., Profili, S. & Innocenti, l. (2013). Do external careers pay-off for both managers and professionals? The effect of inter-organizational mobility on objective career success. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(13), 2490–2511.
- Segers, J., Inceoglu, I., Vloeberghs, D., Bartram, D. & Hendericx, E. (2008). Protean and boundaryless careers: A study on potential motivators. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(2), 212-230.
- Seibert, S. E. & Kraimer, M. L. (2001). The Five-Factor Model of Personality and Career Success. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 58(1), 1–21.
- Sharma, N. & Nayak, P. (2016). Study on Work Life Balance and Organisation Policy in IT Sector in NCR. Amity Global Business Review, 115-123
- Sturges, J. (1999). What It Means to succeed: Personal Conceptions of Career success Held by Male and Female Managers at Different Ages. British Journal of Management, 10(1), 239-252.
- Sullivan, S. E. & Arthur, M. B. (2006). The Evolution of the Boundaryless Examining Career Concept: Physical and Psychological Mobility. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(1), 19-29.
- Sullivan, S. E. (1999) The Changing Nature of Careers: A Review and Research Agenda. Journal of Management, 25(3), 457-484.
- Tavşancıl, E. (2014). Tutumların Ölçülmesi ve SPSS İle Veri Analizi. Nobel Yayıncılık, Ankara.
- Uzunbacak, H. H., Zengin, S. & Çelik, Y. (2019). Sınırsız Kariyerin Kariyer Başarısı Üzerindeki Etkisinde Kariyer Bağlılığın Rolü. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(3), 629-642.
- Valcour, M. & Ladge, J. J. (2008). Family and Career Path Characteristics as Predictors of Women’s Objective and Subjective Career Success: Integrating Traditional and Protean Career Explanations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(2), 300-309.
- Vatansever, Ç. (2008). Work and Non-Work Balance, and Its Relation to Organizational Committment and Career Satisfaction, Unpublished doctoral dissertation Marmara Üniversitesi.
Sınırsınız kariyer ve değişken kariyer tutumlarının sübjektif kariyer başarsına etkisinde iş yaşam dengesinin rolü
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 97 - 117, 30.06.2023
Selver Kurtuldu
,
Ayşe Oya Özçelik
Öz
Günümüz çalışma yaşamında sınırsız kariyer ve değişken kariyer gibi yeni kariyer yaklaşımlarının yükselişe geçmesiyle birlikte kariyer başarısının objektif yönüne vurgu yapan geleneksel kariyer anlayışından farklı olarak sınırsız kariyer ve değişken kariyer yaklaşımlarında kariyer başarısının sübjektif yönüne vurgu yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmada sınırsız kariyer ve değişken kariyer tutumlarının sübjektif kariyer başarısı üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Ayrıca bu etki üzerinde iş yaşam dengesinin düzenleyici rolü incelenmiştir. Araştırma verileri İstanbul ilinde özel sektör işletmelerinde çalışan ve en az beş yıl iş tecrübesine sahip olan 400 beyaz yakalı çalışandan toplanmıştır. Araştırma modelinin test edilmesinde SPSS programı kullanılarak hiyerarşik regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, çalışanların sınırsız kariyer ve değişken kariyer tutumlarının, sübjektif kariyer başarısı üzerinde pozitif yönde etkili olduğunu ve bu ilişkide iş yaşam dengesinin düzenleyici bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir.
Kaynakça
- Abele, A. E. & Wiese, B. S. (2008). The nomological network of self-management strategies and career success. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 81(4), 733–749.
- Adamson, S. J., Doherty, N. & Viney, C. (1998). The Meanings of Career Revisited: Implications for Theory and Practise. British Journal of Management, 9(4), 251-259.
- Arthur, M. B. & Rousseau, D. M. (1996). Introduction: The Boundaryless Career as a New Employment Principle, ss.3-20, The Boundaryless Career: A New Employment Principle for a New Organizational Era, (Eds): Michael B. Arthur, Denise M. Rousseau, Oxford University Press, New York.
- Arthur, M. B., Inkson, K. & Pringle, J. K. (1999). The New Careers: Individual Action and Economic Change, Sage Publications.
- Arthur, M. B., Khapova, S. N. & Wilderom, C. P. M. (2005). Career Success in a Boundaryless Career World. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(2), 177-202.
- Ballout, H. I. (2009). Career commitment and career success: moderating role of self-efficacy. Career Development International, 14(7), 655-670.
- Baruch, T. (2014), The Development And validation of a measure for protean career orientation. The International journal of Human Resoruce Management, 25(19), 20702-2723.
- Baruch, Y. & Peiperl, M. (2000). Career Management Practices: An Empirical Survey and Implications. Human Resource Management, 39(4), 347-366.
- Baruch, Y. (2004). Transforming Careers: From Linear to Multidirectional Career Paths Organizational and İndividual Perspectives. Career Development International, 9(1), 58-73.
- Beauregard, T., Lesley, A. & Henry, C. (2009). Making the link between work-life balance practices and organizational performance. Human Resource Management Review, 19(1), 9-22.
- Biemann, T. & Braakmann, N. (2013). The impact of international experience on objective and subjective career success in early careers. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24 (18), 3438–3456.
- Briscoe, J. P., Hall, D. T. & DeMuth, R.L.F. (2006). Protean and boundaryless careers: An empirical exploration. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(1), 30-47.
- Briscoe, J. P.& Hall, D. T. (2006). The Interplay of Boundaryless and Protean Careers: Combinations and Implications. Journal of Vacational Behavior, 69(1) 4-18.
- Briscoe, J. P.& Finkelstein, L. M. (2009). The “New Career” and Organizatonal Commitment: Do Boundaryless and Protean Attitudes Make a Difference?. Career Development International, 14(3) 242-260.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analiz El Kitabı, Pegem Akademi, Ankara.
- Cao, L., Hirschi, A. & Deller, J. (2013) The positive effects of a protean career attitude for self-initiated expatriates: Cultural adjustment as a mediator. Career Development International, 18(1), 56-77.
- Clarke, M. (2009). Plodders, Pragmatists, Visionaries and Opportunists: Career Patterns and Employability. Career Development International, 14(1), 8-28.
- Darcy, C., McCarthy, A., Hill, J. & Grady , G. (2012). Work–life balance: One size fits all? An exploratory analysis of the differential effect of career stages. Eurepean Management Journal, 30(1), 111-120.
- De Bruin, G. P. & Buchner, M. (2010). Factor and Item Response Theort Analysis of the Protean and Boundaryless Career Attituude Scales. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36(2), 1-11.
- De Vos, A. & Soens, N. (2008). Protean Attitude and Career Succes: The Mediating Role of Self-Management. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(3) 449-456.
- Delecta, P. (2011). Work Life Balance. International Journal of Current Research, 33(4), 186-189.
- Direnzo, M. S., Greenhaus, J. H. & Weer, C. H. (2015). Relationship between protean career orientation and work–life balance: A resource perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(4), 538-560.
- Doğan, A., Bozkurt, S. & Demir, R. (2015). Çalışanların Esnek Çalışmaya İlişkin Tutumlarını Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma. International Journal of Economic and Administrative Studies, 7(14), 375-398.
- Dries, N. (2011). The meaning of career success avoiding reification through a closer inspection of historical, cultural, and ideological contexts. Career Development International, 16(4), 364-384.
- Eby, L. T., Butts, M. & Lockwood, A. (2003). Predictors of Success in the Era of the Boundaryless Career. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(6), 689-708.
- Enache, M., Sallan, J. M., Simo, P. & Fernandez, V. (2011). Career attitudes and subjective career success: tackling gender differences. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 26(3), 234-250.
- Erdoğan, E. & Çiğdem, S. (2019). Portföy Çalışma ve Değişen Kariyer Davranışları: Freelance Çalışanların Deneyimleri Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme. Pesa International Journal of Social, Studies, 5(2), 184-199.
- Fisher-McAuley, G., Stanton, J. M., Jolton, J. A. & Gavin, J. (2003). Modeling the Relationship between Work/Life Balance and Organizational Outcomes. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial-Organizational Psychology, Orlando.
- Forret, M. L., Sullivan, S. E. & Mainiero, L. A. (2010). Gender Role Differences in Reactions to Unemployement: Exploring Psychological Mobility and Boundaryless Careers. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(5), 647-666.
- Gilbert, L. A. (2014). Men in dual-career families: Current realities and future prospects. NY: Psychology Press.
- Greenhaus, J. H., Parasuraman, S. & Vormley, W. M. (1990). Effects of Race on Organizational Experiances, Job Performance Evalalutions, and Career Outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 33(1), 64-86.
- Grimland, S., Vigoda-Gadot, E. & Baruch, Y. (2012). Career Attitudes and Success of Manager: The Impact of Change Event, Protean and Traditional Careers. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(6), 1074-1094.
- Gubler, M., Arnold, J. & Coombs, C. (2014). Reassessing the Protean Career Concept: Empirical Fndings, Conceptual Components, and Measurement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(1), 23-40.
- Hall, D. T. (1996). Protean Careers of The 21st Century. Academy of Management, 10(4), 8-16.
- Hall, D. T. (2004). The protean career: A quarter century-journey. Journal of Vacational Behavior, 65(1), 1-13.
- Hall, D. T. & Chandler, D. E. (2005). Psychological success: When the career is a calling. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(2), 55–176.
- Hall, D. T. & Moss, J. E. (1998). The New Protean Career Contract: Helping Organizations and Employees Adapt. Organizational Dynamics, 26(3), 22-37.
- Handy, C. (1994). The Empty Raincoat: Making Sense Of Future. Hutchinson, Great Britain.
- Hayman, J. (2005). Psychometric Assessment of an Instrument Designed to Measure Work Life Balance. Research and Practice in Human Resource Management, 13(1), 85-91.
- Herrbach, O. & Mignonac, K. (2012). Perceived Gender Discrimination and Women’s Subjective Career Success: The Moderating Role of Career Anchors. Industrial Relations, 67(1), 24-50.
- Heslin, P. A. (2003). Self- and Other-Referent Criteria of Career Success. Journal of Career Assessment, 11(3), 262–286.
- Heslin, P. A. (2005). Conceptualizing and Evaluating Career Success, Journal of Organizational Behavior, (26)2, 113-136.
- Inkson, K. (2006). Protean and Boundaryless Carees as Metaphors. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(1), 48-63.
- Judge, T. A., Higgins, C. A., Thoresen, C. J. & Barrick, M. R. (1999). The Big Five Personality Traits, General Mental Ability, and Career Success Across The Life Span. Personnal Psychology, 52(3), 621-652.
- Kalaycı, Ş. (2009). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikler, Asil Yayınevi.
- Kuijpers, M. A.C.T. & Scheerens, J. (2006). Career Competencies for the Modern Career. Journal of Career Development, 32(4), 303-319.
- Kurtuluş, K. (2010). Araştırma Yöntemleri. Türkmen Kitabevi, İstanbul.
- Küçükusta, D. (2007). Konaklama İşletmelerinde İş Yaşam Dengesinin Çalışma Yaşamı Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkisi, Unpublished doctoral dissertation Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi.
- Lips-Wiersma, M. & Hall, D. T. (2007). Organizational Career Development is Not Dead: A Case Study on Managing the New Career During Organizational Change. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 28(6), 771-792.
- Mallon, M. (1999). Going “portfolio”: Making sense of changing careers. Career Development International. 4(7), 358-70.
- Martins, L. L., Eddleston, K. A. & Veiga, J. F. (2002). Moderators of the Relationship Between Work Family Conflict And Career Satisfaction. Academy of Management Journal, 45(2), 399-409.
- Mirvis, P. H. & Hall, D. T. (1994). Psychological success and boundayless career. Journal of Organizational Bahavior, 15(4), 365-380.
- Nabi, G. R. (1999). An investigation into the differential profile of predictors of objective and subjective career success. Career Development International, 4(4), 212-224.
- Najam, U., Burki, U. & Khalid, V. (2020). Does Work-Life Balance Moderate the Relationship between Career Commitment and Career Success? Evidence from an Emerging Asian Economy. Administrative Sciences, 10(82), 1-12.
- Parasuraman, S., Purohit, Y. S., Godshalk, V. M. & Beutell, N. J. (1996). Work and Family Variables, Entrepreneurial Career Success, and Psychological Well-Being. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 48(3), 275–300.
- Park, Y. (2010). The predictors of subjective career success: an empirical study of employee development in a Korean financial company. International Journal of Training and Development, 14(1), 1-15.
- Pekdemir, I. & Koçoğlu-Sazkaya, M. (2014). İşkoliklik ile İş Yaşam Dengesi Arasındaki İlişkide Kişilik Özelliklerinin Aracılık Rolü Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14(1), 309 – 338.
- Peters, P., Dulk, L. & Lippe, T. (2009). The effects of time-spatial flexibility and new working conditions on employees’ work life balance: the Dutch case. Community, Work & Family, 12(3), 279-297.
- Polat, F.B. & Özdemir, Y. (2021). Yeni Kariyer Yaklaşımlarına Güncel Bir Bakış. İş ve İnsan Dergisi, 2(1), 107-121.
- Poon, J. M. L., Briscoe, J. P., Abdul-Ghania, R. & Jones, E. A. (2015). Meaning and determinants of career success: A Malaysian perspective. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 31(1), 21-29.
- Poon, J. M. L. (2004). Career commitment and career success: moderating role of emotion perception. Career Development International, 9(4), 374-390.
- Sammara, A., Profili, S. & Innocenti, l. (2013). Do external careers pay-off for both managers and professionals? The effect of inter-organizational mobility on objective career success. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(13), 2490–2511.
- Segers, J., Inceoglu, I., Vloeberghs, D., Bartram, D. & Hendericx, E. (2008). Protean and boundaryless careers: A study on potential motivators. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(2), 212-230.
- Seibert, S. E. & Kraimer, M. L. (2001). The Five-Factor Model of Personality and Career Success. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 58(1), 1–21.
- Sharma, N. & Nayak, P. (2016). Study on Work Life Balance and Organisation Policy in IT Sector in NCR. Amity Global Business Review, 115-123
- Sturges, J. (1999). What It Means to succeed: Personal Conceptions of Career success Held by Male and Female Managers at Different Ages. British Journal of Management, 10(1), 239-252.
- Sullivan, S. E. & Arthur, M. B. (2006). The Evolution of the Boundaryless Examining Career Concept: Physical and Psychological Mobility. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(1), 19-29.
- Sullivan, S. E. (1999) The Changing Nature of Careers: A Review and Research Agenda. Journal of Management, 25(3), 457-484.
- Tavşancıl, E. (2014). Tutumların Ölçülmesi ve SPSS İle Veri Analizi. Nobel Yayıncılık, Ankara.
- Uzunbacak, H. H., Zengin, S. & Çelik, Y. (2019). Sınırsız Kariyerin Kariyer Başarısı Üzerindeki Etkisinde Kariyer Bağlılığın Rolü. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(3), 629-642.
- Valcour, M. & Ladge, J. J. (2008). Family and Career Path Characteristics as Predictors of Women’s Objective and Subjective Career Success: Integrating Traditional and Protean Career Explanations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(2), 300-309.
- Vatansever, Ç. (2008). Work and Non-Work Balance, and Its Relation to Organizational Committment and Career Satisfaction, Unpublished doctoral dissertation Marmara Üniversitesi.