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Öz

There has been a recent and drastic increase in computer and Internet use. Children and adolescents constitute the age groups by whom these technologies are used the most. Different opinions emerge regarding the right time, duration and method of exposing children and adolescents to these technologies. Empirical findings reveal that these technologies may serve as either a threat or opportunity in accordance with the nature of use. On the other hand, contemporary scientific approaches try to survive under the influence of outlier political approaches which are either regarding safe Internet use precautions as ‘absolute good’ or as ‘suppressing freedom’. In this regard, the current study briefly discusses the use of computers and Internet among children and adolescents. Then, empirical studies regarding computer and Internet use as a threat or as an opportunity are interpreted with a holistic approach. Current literature on physical, cognitive and psycho-social implications of computer and Internet use were cited, and both positive and negative viewpoints were considered. Finally, recommendations were provided with regard to current implementations

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Computers; safe Internet; child development; Internet addiction

Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Bilgisayar ve İnternet Kullanımının Gelişimsel Sonuçları

Öz

Son yıllarda bilgisayar ve İnternet kullanımı baş döndürücü bir hızla artmakta; çocuk ve ergenler bu teknolojileri en çok kullanan yaş grubu olarak göze çarpmaktadır. Çocuk ve ergenleri bu teknolojilerle buluşturma zamanı, süresi ve biçimi konusunda farklı görüşler bulunmaktadır. Şöyle ki, bilimsel araştırma bulguları, kullanım biçimine göre bu teknolojilerin tehdit ya da fırsata dönüşebildiğini göstermektedir. Öte yandan güncel bilimsel yaklaşımlar, güvenli İnternet uygulamalarını tamamen toplumun iyiliğine ya da tamamen özgürlük karşıtı olarak kabul eden iki uç görüşün gölgesinde sürmektedir. Bu çalışmada önce çocuk ve ergenler tarafından bilgisayar ve İnternet’in nasıl kullanıldığı kısaca tartışılmıştır. Ardından bilgisayar ve İnternet kullanımına ilişkin gerek tehditlere gerekse fırsatlara vurgu yapan bilimsel çalışmalara bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla yaklaşılmıştır. Bilgisayar ve İnternet’in fiziksel, bilişsel ve psikososyal gelişime etkilerini olumlu ve olumsuz bakış açılarıyla irdeleyen çalışmalara gönderme yapılarak sonuç bölümünde güncel uygulamalara ilişkin önerilere değinilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bilgisayar; güvenli İnternet; çocuk gelişimi; İnternet bağımlılığı

Kaynakça

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