Araştırma Makalesi

Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting and High-Intensity Functional Training on Body Composition, Isometric Strength, and Hypertrophy

Cilt: 27 Sayı: 3 31 Aralık 2025
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Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting and High-Intensity Functional Training on Body Composition, Isometric Strength, and Hypertrophy

Öz

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of functional training performed during the daytime fasting period in Ramadan on changes in body composition, muscle strength, and muscle hypertrophy, with respect to training timing. The study included 32 healthy male university students enrolled at Karabük University who maintained daytime fasting between suhoor and iftar during Ramadan. Participants were divided into two groups based on training timing (pre-iftar and post-iftar), and a functional training program was implemented for four weeks. Body composition, circumferential measurements, and isometric muscle strength were assessed at two time points: before the start of the training program (pre-test) and after completion of the four-week training program (post-test). Data were analyzed using the SPSS 25 statistical software package. No significant differences were observed between the pre-iftar and post-iftar training groups with respect to baseline demographic characteristics and body composition parameters (p > 0.05). In pre-training between-group comparisons, significant differences were identified only in certain upper-extremity muscle strength parameters and in isometric ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) (p < 0.05). Following the four-week functional training program, significant between-group differences were observed solely in gluteus maximus muscle strength values (p < 0.05). Within-group analyses revealed statistically significant improvements in multiple parameters related to muscle mass and muscle strength in both training timing conditions (p < 0.05). However, while pre-iftar training was predominantly associated with strength gains in upper-extremity and postural muscle groups, post-iftar training elicited more pronounced adaptations in body composition indicators and lower-extremity muscle strength. This study provides an original contribution to the field by examining the feasibility and effects of high-intensity functional training during Ramadan from the perspective of training timing. The findings indicate that planning training sessions in relation to nutritional status may play a determining role in the direction and magnitude of physiological adaptations occurring during Ramadan. The observation that these adaptations were more pronounced particularly in large muscle groups underscores the role of training timing in musculoskeletal responses. The supportive effects of postprandial exercise on muscle protein synthesis and fat metabolism suggest that the present findings are consistent with the existing literature. Overall, these results demonstrate that training timing during Ramadan is a critical determinant in shaping the direction and extent of physiological adaptations. In this context, the study offers a scientifically grounded and practically applicable framework for planning training programs during Ramadan.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma, Bayburt Üniversitesi Etik Kurulu’nun 29.03.2024 tarihli ve 84 sayılı toplantısında alınan E-15604681-100-194060 numaralı kararıyla onaylanmıştır. Araştırma, Helsinki Bildirgesi’ne uygun olarak yürütülmüştür. Tüm katılımcılar, imzalı gönüllü onam formu aracılığıyla bilgilendirilmiş onamları alındıktan sonra çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

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  3. 3. Bruscia G. The Functional Training Bible. Aachen: Meyer & Meyer Sport; 2015.
  4. 4. Byambaa, Agiimaa, et al. "Anthropometric and Body Circumference Determinants for Hand Grip Strength: A Population‐Based Mon‐Timeline Study." Journal of Aging Research 2023.1 (2023): 6272743.
  5. 5. Civan, A. H., Uzun, M. E., Bezci, Ş., Yayvan, E., Şahin, M., Köktaş, E., & Doğan, İ.Taekwondo Sporcularının Esneklik Dikey Sıçrama ve Denge Performanslarının İncelenmesi. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science, 2025; 8(3), 465-477.
  6. 6. Consultation, W. E. "Waist circumference and waist-hip ratio." Report of a WHO Expert Consultation. Geneva: World Health Organization 2008 (2008): 8-11.
  7. 7. Correia J, Santos I, Pezarat-Correia P, Minderico C, Mendonca GV. Effects of intermittent fasting on specific exercise performance outcomes: a systematic review including meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2020;12(5):1390.
  8. 8. Dannecker EA, Liu Y, Rector RS, Thomas TR, Sayers SP, Leeuwenburgh C, et al. The effect of fasting on indicators of muscle damage. Exp Gerontol. 2013;48(10):1101–6.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Antrenman, Spor ve Beslenme

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Aralık 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

14 Ekim 2025

Kabul Tarihi

23 Aralık 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA
Uzun, M. E., Şahin, M., Bezci, Ş., Köktaş, E., Özdemir, N., Çingöz, Y. E., Çelik, İ. N., & Demir, A. H. (2025). Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting and High-Intensity Functional Training on Body Composition, Isometric Strength, and Hypertrophy. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 27(3), 542-554. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1802280
AMA
1.Uzun ME, Şahin M, Bezci Ş, vd. Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting and High-Intensity Functional Training on Body Composition, Isometric Strength, and Hypertrophy. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise. 2025;27(3):542-554. doi:10.15314/tsed.1802280
Chicago
Uzun, Mahmut Esat, Musa Şahin, Şakir Bezci, vd. 2025. “Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting and High-Intensity Functional Training on Body Composition, Isometric Strength, and Hypertrophy”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 27 (3): 542-54. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1802280.
EndNote
Uzun ME, Şahin M, Bezci Ş, Köktaş E, Özdemir N, Çingöz YE, Çelik İN, Demir AH (01 Aralık 2025) Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting and High-Intensity Functional Training on Body Composition, Isometric Strength, and Hypertrophy. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 27 3 542–554.
IEEE
[1]M. E. Uzun vd., “Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting and High-Intensity Functional Training on Body Composition, Isometric Strength, and Hypertrophy”, Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, c. 27, sy 3, ss. 542–554, Ara. 2025, doi: 10.15314/tsed.1802280.
ISNAD
Uzun, Mahmut Esat - Şahin, Musa - Bezci, Şakir - Köktaş, Ensar - Özdemir, Nurhan - Çingöz, Yunus Emre - Çelik, İklim Nur - Demir, Aleyna Habibe. “Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting and High-Intensity Functional Training on Body Composition, Isometric Strength, and Hypertrophy”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 27/3 (01 Aralık 2025): 542-554. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1802280.
JAMA
1.Uzun ME, Şahin M, Bezci Ş, Köktaş E, Özdemir N, Çingöz YE, Çelik İN, Demir AH. Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting and High-Intensity Functional Training on Body Composition, Isometric Strength, and Hypertrophy. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise. 2025;27:542–554.
MLA
Uzun, Mahmut Esat, vd. “Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting and High-Intensity Functional Training on Body Composition, Isometric Strength, and Hypertrophy”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, c. 27, sy 3, Aralık 2025, ss. 542-54, doi:10.15314/tsed.1802280.
Vancouver
1.Mahmut Esat Uzun, Musa Şahin, Şakir Bezci, Ensar Köktaş, Nurhan Özdemir, Yunus Emre Çingöz, İklim Nur Çelik, Aleyna Habibe Demir. Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting and High-Intensity Functional Training on Body Composition, Isometric Strength, and Hypertrophy. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise. 01 Aralık 2025;27(3):542-54. doi:10.15314/tsed.1802280
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