Illness Process and Some Characteristics of the Persons Living with HIV/AIDS

Öz

HIV/AIDS is one of the most important health problems today. HIV/AIDS patients face with many problems as a result of the prejudices. These problems have adverse effects on the illness process. Some charac­teristics of the HIV/AIDS patients related to gender, sexual preference, place of residence, substance abuse, blood illness, mental problems, risk perception, HIV testing and its results, illness process, societal losses and death effect the problems and complicate the illness process.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• HIV/AIDS,patient character¬istics,illness process

HASTALIK SÜRECİ ve HIV/AIDS’LE YAŞAYAN İNSANLARIN KİMİ ÖZELLİKLERİ

Öz

HIV/AIDS hastalığı günümüzde en önemli sağlık sorunlarından birisidir. Hastalıkla ilgili çeşitli önyargılar nedeniyle hastalar çeşitli sorunlar yaşamaktadırlar. Bu sorunlar hastalık sürecini olumsuz yönde etkilemekte­dir. HIV/AIDS ‘li insanların cinsiyet, cinsel tercih, ikamet yeri, madde kullanımı, kan hastalıkları, ruh sağlığı sorunlarının yanı sıra risk algısı, HIV testi yaptırma, sonucun pozitif çıkması, hastalık süreci, toplumsal kayıplar ve ölüm nedeniyle yaşanan kayıplar gibi kimi özellikleri hastaların karşılaştıkları sorunları ve dolayısıyla hastalık sürecini da­ha karmaşık hale getirmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• HIV/AIDS,hastaların özellikleri,hastalık süreci

Kaynakça

1. Ceballos - Capitaine, A., Szapocznik, J., Blaney, N., Morgan, R., Millon, C., ve Eisdorfer, C. (1990). "Ethnicity, emotional distress, stres-related disruption, and coping among HIV seropositive gay males", Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 12,135-152.
2. Chuang, HT., Devins, G., Hunsley, J,, ve Gill, M.J. (1989). “Psychosocial distress and vyell-being among gay and bisexual men with human immunodeficiency virus infection”, American Journal of Psychiatry, 146, 876-880.
3. Coates, T., Moore, S., ve McKusick, L. (1987). “Behavioral consequences of AIDS antibody testing among gay men", Journal of the American Medical Association, 258,1889.
4. Grant, D. ve M. Anns (1988). “Counseling AIDS antibody-positive clients: Reactions and treatment", American Psychologist, 18, 72-74.
5. Dilley, JW., Faltz, B., Macks, J. ve Madover S. (1986). "Brief guide to Office practice: Psychological complications of AIDS", Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality, 55-56.
6. Duyan, V. (1998). “HIV/AIDS'li olduğunu başkalarına söyleme, HIVAIDS Dergisi, 1 (2), 61-65.
7. Duyan, V. (2001). “HIV/AlDS'e ilişkin damgalama ve sosyal destek" Sağlık ve To-plum, 11 (1), 3-11.
8. Huggins, J., Elman, N., Baker, C., Forrester, R., ve Lyter, D. (1991). "Affective and behav¬ioral responses of gay and bisexual men to HIV antibody testing”, Social Work, 36, 61-66.

9. Ickovics, JR., Morrill, AC., Beren, SE, Walsh, U. ve Rodin, J. (1994). "Limited effects of HIV counseling and testing for women: A prospective study of behavioral and psychological consequences”, Journal of the American Medical Association, 272, 443-448.
10. Martin, JL. (1988). ''Psychological consequences of AlDS-related bereavement among gay men, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 856-62.
11. Kalichman, S.C. (1995) Understanding AIDS, APA, Washington.
12. Kelly, JA., Murhphy, D.A., Solomon, LJ. ve ark. (1992). “Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome/human immunodeficiency virus risk behavior among gay men in small cities'', Archives of Internali Medicine, 152, 2293-97.
13. Kemeny, ME. Weiner, H., Taylor, SE. ve ark. (1994) "Repeated bereavement, depressed mood, and immune parameters in HIV seropositive and seronegative gay men”, Health Psychology, 13,14-24.
14. Michaels, D. ve Levine, C. (1992). "Estimates of the number of motherless youth orphaned by AIDS in the United States", Journal of the American Medical Association, 268, 3456- 3461).
15. Minkoff, H. ve DeHovitz, JA. (1991). “Care of women infected with the human immunodefi¬ciency virus”, Journal of the American Medical Association, 266, 2253-58.
16. Mulder, C. ve Antoni, M. (1992). „Psychosocial correlates of immune status and disease progression in HIV-1 infected homosexual men:Review of preliminary findings, and commentary", Psychology and Health, 6,175-192.
17. Neugebauer, R„ Rabkin, J. Williams, J. ve ark. (1992). “Bereavement reactions among homosexual men experiencing multiple losses in the AIDS epidemic”, American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 1374-1379.
18. Perry, S., Jacobsberg, L., Fishman, B. ve ark.(1990). “Psychiatric diagnosis before serological testing for the human immunodefi¬ciency virus", American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 89-93.
19. Peterson, J. ve Marin, G. (1988). “Issues in the prevention of AIDS among Black and Hispanic men", American Psychologist, 43, 871- 77.
20. Kessler RC., O’Brein, K., Joseph, JG. ve ark.(1991). “Stressful life events and symptom onset in HIV infection”, American Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 733-38.
21. Schnell, D., Higgins, D., Wilson, R. ve ark.(1992). "Men’s disclosure of HIV test results to male primary sex partners", American Journal of Public Health, 82, 1675-76.
22. Siegel, K., Levine, M., Brooks, C-, ve Kern, R. (1989). "Psychological we!l-being of gay men for taking or not taking the HIV antibody test", Social Problems, 36 (4), 368-83.
23. LeBlanc, AJ. (1993). “Examining HlV-related knowledge among adults in the US", Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 34, 23-36.
24. Soni, DD., ve Windgassen, E. (1991). "AIDS panic: Effects of mass media publicity", Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavİca, 84,121-124,
25. Myers, T., Orr, KW., Locker D. ve Jackson, EA. (1993). “Factors affecting gay and bisexual men’s decisions and intentions to seek HIV testing", American Journal of Public Health, 83-701-704.
26. Tross, S. ve Hirsch, D. (1988). “Psychological distress and neuropsychological complica¬tions of HIV infection and AIDS", American Psychologist, 43, 929-34.