Araştırma Makalesi
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An Investigation of Peer Bullying at Preschool Period

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 107 - 120, 15.04.2012

Öz



This
study was carried out to determine peer bullying in preschool period and peer
bullying types and characteristics. This study type is a descriptive research.
The working group was consisted of 53 preschool teachers. A questionnaire form
made up of openended questions was used to gather data and the data obtained
was analyzed through content analysis. The results of this research indicate
gender differences in peer bullying occurences. Peer bullying occured more
among male children. In addition preschool children tend to bully same sex
peers. Although relational and verbal bullying were observed among preschool
children, physical bullying occured more often.




Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, E. ve Braithwaite, V. (2004). Bullying and victimization: Cause and consern for both families schools. Social Psychology of Education, 7, 35-54.
  • Alikaşifoğlu, M. ve Ercan, O. (2007). Çocukluk ça¬ğında kabadayılık/zorbalık davranışları: hekimler açısından anlamı. Türk Pediatri Arşivi, 42, 19-25.
  • Andreou, E. (2001). Bully/victim problems and their association with coping behaviour in conflictual peer interactions among school-age children. EducationalPsychology, 21(1), 59-67.
  • Aral, N., Kandır, A., Yaşar, M.C. (2002). Okul ön¬cesi eğitim ve okul öncesi eğitim programı (2. Baskı). İstanbul: Ya-Pa Yayın Pazarlama.
  • Azurmendi, A., Braza, F., Braza, P., Cardas, J., Carerras, M., Garcia, A., Martin, J., Sorozobal, A. (2007). Behavioral profiles of different types of social status in preschool children: An observational app- roach. SocialBehavior and Personality, 35, 195-221.
  • Balcı A. (2010). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yön¬tem, teknik ve ilkeler (8. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Beyazkürk, D., Anlıak, S., Dinçer, Ç. (2007). Ço¬cuklukta akran ilişkileri ve arkadaşlık. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 26, 13-26.
  • Birch, S.H., Ladd, G. W. (1997). The teacher-child relationship and children's early school adjustment. Journal of School Psychology, 35(1), 61-79.
  • Borup, I., Holstein, B. E. (2007). School children who are victims of bullying report benefit from health dialogues with the school health nurse. Health Education Journal, 66, 58-67.
  • Brown, W.H., Odom, S.L., Conray, M.A. (2001). An intervention hierarchy for promoting young children's peer interactions in natural environments. Topics in Early Childhood Special Educa¬tion, 21(3), 162- 175.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö.E., Karadeniz, Ş., Demirel,F. (2009). Bilimsel Araş¬tırma Yöntemleri. (3. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık, 16. Byrne, B. (1999). The nature of school bullying: A cross-national perspective. London and New York: Routledge: 112-127.
  • Camodeca, M., Goossens, F.A. (2005). Aggression, social cognitions, anger and sadness in bullies and victims. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46(2), 186-197.
  • Carlisle, N., Rofes, E. (2007). School bullying: do adult survivors perceive long-term effects? Traumatology, 13, 16-26.
  • Casas, J. Crick, N., Jansen, E., Ostrov, J., Woods, K. (2004). An observational study of delivered and received aggression, gender, and social- psychological adjustment in preschool: This White Crayon Doesn't Work. Early Childhood Rese¬arch Quarterly, 19 (2), 355-371.
  • Chen, X., Chang, L. , He, Y., Liu, H. (2005). The peer group as a context: Moderating effects on relations between maternal parenting and social and school adjustment in Chinese children. Child Development, 76(2), 417-434.
  • Cohen, D. ve Rudolph , M. (1997). Kindergarten and Early Schooling, USA.
  • Crick, N. B., Bigbee, M. A. (1998). Relational and overt forms of peer victimization informational approach. Journal of Counselling and Clinical Psychology, 66, 337-347.
  • Crothers, L. M., Kolbert, J. B. (2008). Tackling a problematic behavior management issue: teachers' intervention in childhood bullying problems. Intervention in School and Clinic, 43, 132-139.
  • Crothers, L. M., Levinson, E. M. (2004). Assessment of bullying: A review of methods and instruments. Journal of Counseling & Development, 82, 496-503.
  • Cullerton-Sen, C., Crick, N. R. (2005). Understanding the effects of physical and relational victimization: The utility of multiple perspectives in predicting social-emotional adjustment. School Psychology Review, 34(2), 147-160.
  • Çetin, F., Bilbay, A.A., Kaymak, D.A. (2002). Araştırmadan uygulamaya çocuklarda sosyal be¬ceriler. İstanbul: Epsilon Yayıncılık Hizmetleri. Doll, B., Murphy, P., Song, S. Y. (2003). Their relationship between children's self-reported recess problems and peer acceptance and friendships. Journal of School Psychology, 41,113-130.
  • Eke, C.Y., Ögel, K. (2004). İstanbul'daki okullarda suç ve şiddetin yaygınlığı. I. Şiddet ve Okul: Okul ve Çevresinde Çocuğa Yönelik Şiddet ve Alına¬bilecek Tedbirler Uluslararası Katılımlı Sempozyumu, s.22, İstanbul.
  • Estrem, T., McEvoy, M., Olson, M., Rodriguez, M. (2003). Assessing relational and physical aggression amongpreschool children: intermethod agreement. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 23, 53-63.
  • Finnegan, R. A., Hodges, E.V., Perry, D. G. 1998. Victimization by pers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 1076-1086.
  • Fox, C.L., Boultorn, M.J. (2005). The social skills problems of victims of bullying: self, peer and teacher perceptions. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 75, 313-328.
  • Gadit, A.M, Mugford, G. (2008). A pilot study of bullying and harassment among medical pro- fessionals in Pakistan, focussing on psychiatry: need for a medical ombudsman. Journal of Medical Ethics, 34, 463-466.
  • Genta, M. L., Menesini, E., Fonzi, A., Costabile, A., Smith, P. K. (1996). Bullies and victims in schools in central and Southern Italy. European Journal of Psychology, 11, 97-110.
  • Gillies-Rezo, S., Bosacki, S. (2003). Invisible bruises: kindergartens' perceptions of bullying. International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 8(2), 163-177.
  • Gini, G. (2006). Bullying as a social process: The role of group membership in students percepti- on of inter-group aggression at school. Journal of School Psychology, 44 (1), 51-65.
  • Gülay, H. (2009). Okul öncesi dönemde akran ilişkileri. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(22), 82-93.
  • Gültekin, Z., Sayıl, M. (2005). Akran zorbalığını belirleme ölçeği geliştirme çalışması. Türk Psi¬koloji Yazıları, 8(15), 47-62.
  • Güvenir, T. 2005. Okulda akran istismarı. Kök Yayıncılık, Ankara, 9-49.
  • Hall-Lande, J. D., Eisenberg, M. E., Christenson, S. L., Noumark-Sztainer, D. (2007). Social isolation, psycholocal health, and protective factors in adolescence. Adolescence, 42(166), 265-286.
  • Hanish, L. D., Ryan, P., Martin, C. L., Fabes, R. A. (2005). The social context of young children's peer victimization. Social Development, 14(1), 2-19.
  • Harachi, T. W., Catalano, R. F., Hawkins, J. D. (1999). The nature of school bullying: A cross-nationalperspective. London and New York: Routledge, 279-295.
  • Hart, C., Jin, S., Nelson, D., Olsen, J, and Yang, D. (2006). Aversive parenting in china: associations with child physical and relational aggression. Child Development, 77, 554-572.
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OKUL ÖNCESİ DÖNEMDE AKRAN ZORBALIĞININ İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 107 - 120, 15.04.2012

Öz



Bu
çalışma, okul öncesi dönem çocuklarında akran zorbalığını, akran zorbalığı
türlerini ve özelliklerini belirlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma betimsel
türdedir. Çalışma grubunu 53 okul öncesi öğretmeni oluşturmuştur. Veri toplamak
amacı ile açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan görüşme formu kullanılmış ve elde edilen
veriler içerik analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; okul
öncesi dönem çocuklarının daha fazla kendi hemcinslerine zorbalık
uyguladıkları, erkek çocuklar arasında akran zorbalığının daha fazla yaşandığı,
en sık fiziksel zorbalığın görüldüğü, bununla birlikte ilişkisel ve sözel akran
zorbalığının da okul öncesi dönemde görüldüğü belirlenmiştir.




 




Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, E. ve Braithwaite, V. (2004). Bullying and victimization: Cause and consern for both families schools. Social Psychology of Education, 7, 35-54.
  • Alikaşifoğlu, M. ve Ercan, O. (2007). Çocukluk ça¬ğında kabadayılık/zorbalık davranışları: hekimler açısından anlamı. Türk Pediatri Arşivi, 42, 19-25.
  • Andreou, E. (2001). Bully/victim problems and their association with coping behaviour in conflictual peer interactions among school-age children. EducationalPsychology, 21(1), 59-67.
  • Aral, N., Kandır, A., Yaşar, M.C. (2002). Okul ön¬cesi eğitim ve okul öncesi eğitim programı (2. Baskı). İstanbul: Ya-Pa Yayın Pazarlama.
  • Azurmendi, A., Braza, F., Braza, P., Cardas, J., Carerras, M., Garcia, A., Martin, J., Sorozobal, A. (2007). Behavioral profiles of different types of social status in preschool children: An observational app- roach. SocialBehavior and Personality, 35, 195-221.
  • Balcı A. (2010). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yön¬tem, teknik ve ilkeler (8. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Beyazkürk, D., Anlıak, S., Dinçer, Ç. (2007). Ço¬cuklukta akran ilişkileri ve arkadaşlık. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 26, 13-26.
  • Birch, S.H., Ladd, G. W. (1997). The teacher-child relationship and children's early school adjustment. Journal of School Psychology, 35(1), 61-79.
  • Borup, I., Holstein, B. E. (2007). School children who are victims of bullying report benefit from health dialogues with the school health nurse. Health Education Journal, 66, 58-67.
  • Brown, W.H., Odom, S.L., Conray, M.A. (2001). An intervention hierarchy for promoting young children's peer interactions in natural environments. Topics in Early Childhood Special Educa¬tion, 21(3), 162- 175.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö.E., Karadeniz, Ş., Demirel,F. (2009). Bilimsel Araş¬tırma Yöntemleri. (3. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık, 16. Byrne, B. (1999). The nature of school bullying: A cross-national perspective. London and New York: Routledge: 112-127.
  • Camodeca, M., Goossens, F.A. (2005). Aggression, social cognitions, anger and sadness in bullies and victims. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46(2), 186-197.
  • Carlisle, N., Rofes, E. (2007). School bullying: do adult survivors perceive long-term effects? Traumatology, 13, 16-26.
  • Casas, J. Crick, N., Jansen, E., Ostrov, J., Woods, K. (2004). An observational study of delivered and received aggression, gender, and social- psychological adjustment in preschool: This White Crayon Doesn't Work. Early Childhood Rese¬arch Quarterly, 19 (2), 355-371.
  • Chen, X., Chang, L. , He, Y., Liu, H. (2005). The peer group as a context: Moderating effects on relations between maternal parenting and social and school adjustment in Chinese children. Child Development, 76(2), 417-434.
  • Cohen, D. ve Rudolph , M. (1997). Kindergarten and Early Schooling, USA.
  • Crick, N. B., Bigbee, M. A. (1998). Relational and overt forms of peer victimization informational approach. Journal of Counselling and Clinical Psychology, 66, 337-347.
  • Crothers, L. M., Kolbert, J. B. (2008). Tackling a problematic behavior management issue: teachers' intervention in childhood bullying problems. Intervention in School and Clinic, 43, 132-139.
  • Crothers, L. M., Levinson, E. M. (2004). Assessment of bullying: A review of methods and instruments. Journal of Counseling & Development, 82, 496-503.
  • Cullerton-Sen, C., Crick, N. R. (2005). Understanding the effects of physical and relational victimization: The utility of multiple perspectives in predicting social-emotional adjustment. School Psychology Review, 34(2), 147-160.
  • Çetin, F., Bilbay, A.A., Kaymak, D.A. (2002). Araştırmadan uygulamaya çocuklarda sosyal be¬ceriler. İstanbul: Epsilon Yayıncılık Hizmetleri. Doll, B., Murphy, P., Song, S. Y. (2003). Their relationship between children's self-reported recess problems and peer acceptance and friendships. Journal of School Psychology, 41,113-130.
  • Eke, C.Y., Ögel, K. (2004). İstanbul'daki okullarda suç ve şiddetin yaygınlığı. I. Şiddet ve Okul: Okul ve Çevresinde Çocuğa Yönelik Şiddet ve Alına¬bilecek Tedbirler Uluslararası Katılımlı Sempozyumu, s.22, İstanbul.
  • Estrem, T., McEvoy, M., Olson, M., Rodriguez, M. (2003). Assessing relational and physical aggression amongpreschool children: intermethod agreement. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 23, 53-63.
  • Finnegan, R. A., Hodges, E.V., Perry, D. G. 1998. Victimization by pers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 1076-1086.
  • Fox, C.L., Boultorn, M.J. (2005). The social skills problems of victims of bullying: self, peer and teacher perceptions. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 75, 313-328.
  • Gadit, A.M, Mugford, G. (2008). A pilot study of bullying and harassment among medical pro- fessionals in Pakistan, focussing on psychiatry: need for a medical ombudsman. Journal of Medical Ethics, 34, 463-466.
  • Genta, M. L., Menesini, E., Fonzi, A., Costabile, A., Smith, P. K. (1996). Bullies and victims in schools in central and Southern Italy. European Journal of Psychology, 11, 97-110.
  • Gillies-Rezo, S., Bosacki, S. (2003). Invisible bruises: kindergartens' perceptions of bullying. International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 8(2), 163-177.
  • Gini, G. (2006). Bullying as a social process: The role of group membership in students percepti- on of inter-group aggression at school. Journal of School Psychology, 44 (1), 51-65.
  • Gülay, H. (2009). Okul öncesi dönemde akran ilişkileri. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(22), 82-93.
  • Gültekin, Z., Sayıl, M. (2005). Akran zorbalığını belirleme ölçeği geliştirme çalışması. Türk Psi¬koloji Yazıları, 8(15), 47-62.
  • Güvenir, T. 2005. Okulda akran istismarı. Kök Yayıncılık, Ankara, 9-49.
  • Hall-Lande, J. D., Eisenberg, M. E., Christenson, S. L., Noumark-Sztainer, D. (2007). Social isolation, psycholocal health, and protective factors in adolescence. Adolescence, 42(166), 265-286.
  • Hanish, L. D., Ryan, P., Martin, C. L., Fabes, R. A. (2005). The social context of young children's peer victimization. Social Development, 14(1), 2-19.
  • Harachi, T. W., Catalano, R. F., Hawkins, J. D. (1999). The nature of school bullying: A cross-nationalperspective. London and New York: Routledge, 279-295.
  • Hart, C., Jin, S., Nelson, D., Olsen, J, and Yang, D. (2006). Aversive parenting in china: associations with child physical and relational aggression. Child Development, 77, 554-572.
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  • Schwartz, D. (2000). Subtypes of victims and aggressors in childrens peer groups. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 28, 181-192.
  • Seevers, R.L., Jones-Blank, M. (2008). Exploring the effects of social skills training on social skill development on student behavior. National Forum of SpecialEducation, 19 (1), 1-8.
  • Sergin, C., Giverts, M. (2003). Methods of soci¬al skills training and developments. Handbook of Communication and Social Interaction Skills ( Edt: John O. Grene and Brant Raney Burleson). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 137-138.
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  • Smith, P.K., Singer, M., Hoel, H., Cooper,C.L. (2003). Victimization in the school and work-place: Are there any links?. British Journal of Psychology, 94, 175-188. Smith, P.K., Sharp, S. (1994). School bull- ying: Insights and perspectives. Publisher: Taylor&Francis, Inc.
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  • Uludağlı, N. P. (2004). Akran Zorbalığı Grupların¬da Yalnızlık ve Akademik Başarı ile Sosyometrik Statüye Göre Zorba/Kurban Davranış Türle¬ri: Okul ve Çevresinde Çocuğa Yönelik Şiddet ve Alınabilecek Tedbirler Uluslararası Katılımlı Sempozyumu, s.25, İstanbul.
  • Vreeman, R. C., Carroll, A. E. (2007). A systematic review of school-based interventions to pre¬vent bullying. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 161,78-88. Warm, T. (1997). The role of teasing in develop¬ment and vice versa. Developmental and Beha¬vioral Pediatrics, 18, 97-101.
  • Whitney, I., Smith, P. K. (1993). A survey of the nature and extent of bullying in junior/middle and secondary schools. Educational Research, 35(1), 3-25.
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  • Worden, L. J. (2002). Socialinteractions andper- ceptions of social skills of children in inclusive preschools. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis. Uni-versity of Delaware, USA.
  • Yurtal, F., Cenkseven, F. (2006). İlköğretim okul¬larında zorbalığın incelenmesi. Şiddet ve Okul: Okul ve Çevresinde Çocuğa Yönelik Şiddet ve Alınabilecek Tedbirler Uluslararası Katılımlı Sempozyumu, s.14,İstanbul.
Toplam 89 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Gülümser Gültekin Akduman Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Nisan 2012
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Şubat 2012
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Gültekin Akduman, G. (2012). OKUL ÖNCESİ DÖNEMDE AKRAN ZORBALIĞININ İNCELENMESİ. Toplum Ve Sosyal Hizmet, 23(1), 107-120.