Araştırma Makalesi
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Huzurevinde Kalan Yaşlıların Minnettarlık, Mental İyi Oluş ve Öz Anlayış Düzeyleri Üzerine Bir Alan Araştırması

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 3, 937 - 953, 29.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.1033916

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, huzurevinde kalan yaşlıların minnettarlık, mental iyi oluş ve öz-anlayış düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, yaşlıların minnettarlık ve öz-anlayış düzeylerinin mental iyi oluşlarını yordayıp yordamadığı sorusuna yanıt aranmaktadır Ayrıca araştırmada, minnettarlık, mental iyi oluş ve öz-anlayış düzeylerinin cinsiyet, yaş ve huzurevinde kalma süresi değişkenliği incelenmiştir. Bu araştırmada nicel yönteme dayalı olarak ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırma Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi Huzurevi’nde yaşayan 120 yaşlı ile yapılmıştır. Örneklemi 22’si kadın 98’i erkek oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak Minnettarlık Ölçeği, Warwick Edinburg Mental İyi Oluş Ölçeği, Öz-Anlayış Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda minnettarlık, mental iyi oluş ve öz-anlayış düzeyleri arasında anlamlı ilişkiler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca minnettarlık ve öz-anlayış düzeylerinin mental iyi oluş düzeyini yordadığı ve %33,5’sini açıkladığı bulunmuştur. Minnettarlık, mental iyi oluş ve öz-anlayış düzeylerinin cinsiyet, yaş ve huzurevinde kalma süresi açısından farklılaşmadığı tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Aghababaei, N., Blanchnio, A. Ve Aminikhoo, M. (2018). The relations of gratitude to religiosity, well-being and personality. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 21(4), 408-417.
  • Ağar, A. (2020). Yaşlılarda ortaya çıkan psikolojik değişiklikler. Geriatrik Bilimler Dergisi, 3(2), 75-80.
  • Akdemir, N., Kapucu, S., Özdemir, L., Akkuş, Y., Balcı-Alparslan, G. ve Akyar, I. (2010). Huzurevi ve yaşlı bakım rehabilitasyon merkezlerinde çalışan hemşirelerin yaşadıkları bakım sorunları ve tükenmişlik düzeyleri. Hemşirelik Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi, 12(3), 49–62.
  • Akın, Ü., Akın, A. ve Abacı, R. (2007). Öz-duyarlık Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Hacettepe Egitim Dergisi, 33(33), 1–10.
  • Allemand, M. ve Hill, P. L. (2016). Gratitude from early adulthood to old age. Journal of Personality, 84(1), 21–35.
  • Allen, A. B. ve Leary, M. R. (2014). Self-compassionate responses to aging. The Gerontologist, 54(2), 190–200.
  • Altıparmak, S. (2009). Huzurevinde yaşayan yaşlı bireylerin yaşam doyumu, sosyal destek düzeyleri ve etkileyen faktörler. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Tıp Dergisi, 23(3), 159-164.
  • Atalay, B. (1993) Türk aile yapısı araştırması. DPT Ankara: Sosyal Planlama Gen. Müd. Araştırma Dergisi, No: 4211.
  • Bandura, A. (2006). Adolescent Development from an Agentic perspective. Adolescense and Education, (Ed. F. Pajares ve T. Urdan). Greenwich: Published by Information Age Publishing.
  • Baran, A. G. (2001). Türkiye’de yaşlılık politikalarının sosyolojik analizi. V. Kalınkara (ed.) I.Ulusal Yaşlılık Kongresi, Ankara: Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Derneği. 256-76.
  • Birinci, E. (2021). Türkiye’deki yaşlı bakımı eğitimi üzerine genl bir değerlendirme. Türkiye Mesleki ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(5), 31-43.
  • Blanchflower, D. G., ve Oswald, A. J. (2007). Is well-being U-Shaped over the life cycle? Social Science & Medicine, 66(80), 1733-1749.
  • Breen, W. E., Kashdan, T. B., Lenser, M. L. Ve Fincham, F. D. (2010) Gratitude and forgiveness: Convergence and divergence on self-report and informant ratings. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(8), 932-937.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2021). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları.
  • Chan, D. W. (2013). Subjective well-being of Hong Kong Chinese teachers: The contribution of gratitude, forgiveness, and the orientations to happiness. Teaching and Teacher Education, 32, 22–30.
  • Chopik, W. J., Newton, N. J., Ryan, L. H., Kashdan, T. B. Ve Jarden, A. J. (2019). Gratitude across the life span : Age differences and links to subjective well-being. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 14(3), 292–302.
  • Deci, E. L. Ve Ryan, R. M. (2008). Hedonia, eudaimonia, and well-being: an introduction. Journal of happiness studies, 9(1), 1–11.
  • Deniz, M. E., Kesici, Ş. ve Sümer, A. S. (2011). The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Berkeley Expressivity scale. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30(9), 27–33.
  • Diener, E. (1984). Subjective Well-Being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542–575.
  • Diener, E. ve Diener, M. (1995). Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(4), 653–663.
  • Emiroğlu, V. (1989). Yaşlılık ve yaşlının sosyal uyumu. Ankara: Başkan Yayınevi.
  • Emiroğlu, V. (1995). Yaşlılık ve yaşlının sosyal uyumu, Ankara: Şafak Matbacılık Ltf. Şti.
  • Ercan-Şahin, N. Ve Üzar-Özçetin, Y. S. (2020). Huzurevinde yaşayan yaşlı bireylerin yaşam doyumu ve umutsuzluk düzeyi. Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilim Dergisi, 13(2), 167–176.
  • Emmons, R. A. ve Crumpler, C. A. (2000). Gratitude as a human strength: Appraising the evidence. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19(1), 56–69.
  • Emmons, R. A. ve McCullough, M. E. (2003). Cunting blessings versus burdens: an experimental ınvestigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(2), 377–389.
  • Emmons, R. A., McCullough, M. E. ve Tsang, J. A. (2003). The assessment of gratıtude. Water Resources. S. J. Lopez ve C. R. Snyder (Ed.), Positive psychological assessmen: A handbook of models and measures.
  • Fernandez-Martinez, B., Prieto-Flores, M. E., Forjaz, M. J., Fernández-Mayoralas, G., Rojo-Pérez, F. ve Martínez Martín, P. (2012). Self-perceived health status in older adults: Regional and sociodemographic inequalities in Spain. Revista de Saude Publica, 46(2), 310–319.
  • Froh, J. J., Kashdan, T. B., Ozimkowski, K. M. ve Miller, N. (2009). Who benefits the most from a gratitude intervention in children and adolescents? Examining positive affect as a moderator. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(5), 408–422.
  • Gable, S. L. ve Haidt, J. (2005). What (and why) is positive psychology? Review of General Psychology, 9(2), 103–110.
  • George, D. ve Mallery, M. (2019). SPSS for Windows step by step: A Simple Guide and Reference. Boston: Pearson.
  • Grundy, E. ve Sloggett, A. (2003). Health inequalities in the older population: The role of personal capital, social resources and socio-economic circumstances. Social Science and Medicine, 56(5), 935–947.
  • Ho, H. C. Y., Yeung, D. Y. Ve Kwok, S. Y. C. L. (2014). Deveelopment and evaluation of the positive psychology intervention for older adults. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 9(3), 187–197.
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A Field Research on Gratitude, Mental WellBeing and Self-Compassion Level of Elderly Individuals in Nursing Home

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 3, 937 - 953, 29.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.1033916

Öz

The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between gratitude, mental well-being and self-compassion levels of the elderly residents in nursing home. In accordance with this aim what extent gratitude and self-compassion levels of the elderly that predicted the mental well-being was answer the question. Also, this study analyzed the relationship between the gratitude, mental well-being and self-compassion levels and gender, age and length residence in nursing home. This study used to quantitative method based relational scanning model. The research was contucted with 120 elderly residing at Bursa Metropolitan Municipality Nursing Home. The sample consisted of 22 women elderly and 98 men elderly. As a data collection tools, Gratitude Scale, WEMWB Scale, Self-Compassion Scale and Basic Personal Information Form were used in the study. As result, it was found that there are relationships between gratitude, mental well-being and self-compassion levels. In addition, it was found that gratitude and self-compassion levels predicted mental well-being and explained %33.5 of it. It was found that gratitude, mental well-being and self-compassion levels did not differ in terms of gender, age and duration of stay in nursing home.

Kaynakça

  • Aghababaei, N., Blanchnio, A. Ve Aminikhoo, M. (2018). The relations of gratitude to religiosity, well-being and personality. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 21(4), 408-417.
  • Ağar, A. (2020). Yaşlılarda ortaya çıkan psikolojik değişiklikler. Geriatrik Bilimler Dergisi, 3(2), 75-80.
  • Akdemir, N., Kapucu, S., Özdemir, L., Akkuş, Y., Balcı-Alparslan, G. ve Akyar, I. (2010). Huzurevi ve yaşlı bakım rehabilitasyon merkezlerinde çalışan hemşirelerin yaşadıkları bakım sorunları ve tükenmişlik düzeyleri. Hemşirelik Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi, 12(3), 49–62.
  • Akın, Ü., Akın, A. ve Abacı, R. (2007). Öz-duyarlık Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Hacettepe Egitim Dergisi, 33(33), 1–10.
  • Allemand, M. ve Hill, P. L. (2016). Gratitude from early adulthood to old age. Journal of Personality, 84(1), 21–35.
  • Allen, A. B. ve Leary, M. R. (2014). Self-compassionate responses to aging. The Gerontologist, 54(2), 190–200.
  • Altıparmak, S. (2009). Huzurevinde yaşayan yaşlı bireylerin yaşam doyumu, sosyal destek düzeyleri ve etkileyen faktörler. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Tıp Dergisi, 23(3), 159-164.
  • Atalay, B. (1993) Türk aile yapısı araştırması. DPT Ankara: Sosyal Planlama Gen. Müd. Araştırma Dergisi, No: 4211.
  • Bandura, A. (2006). Adolescent Development from an Agentic perspective. Adolescense and Education, (Ed. F. Pajares ve T. Urdan). Greenwich: Published by Information Age Publishing.
  • Baran, A. G. (2001). Türkiye’de yaşlılık politikalarının sosyolojik analizi. V. Kalınkara (ed.) I.Ulusal Yaşlılık Kongresi, Ankara: Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Derneği. 256-76.
  • Birinci, E. (2021). Türkiye’deki yaşlı bakımı eğitimi üzerine genl bir değerlendirme. Türkiye Mesleki ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(5), 31-43.
  • Blanchflower, D. G., ve Oswald, A. J. (2007). Is well-being U-Shaped over the life cycle? Social Science & Medicine, 66(80), 1733-1749.
  • Breen, W. E., Kashdan, T. B., Lenser, M. L. Ve Fincham, F. D. (2010) Gratitude and forgiveness: Convergence and divergence on self-report and informant ratings. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(8), 932-937.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2021). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları.
  • Chan, D. W. (2013). Subjective well-being of Hong Kong Chinese teachers: The contribution of gratitude, forgiveness, and the orientations to happiness. Teaching and Teacher Education, 32, 22–30.
  • Chopik, W. J., Newton, N. J., Ryan, L. H., Kashdan, T. B. Ve Jarden, A. J. (2019). Gratitude across the life span : Age differences and links to subjective well-being. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 14(3), 292–302.
  • Deci, E. L. Ve Ryan, R. M. (2008). Hedonia, eudaimonia, and well-being: an introduction. Journal of happiness studies, 9(1), 1–11.
  • Deniz, M. E., Kesici, Ş. ve Sümer, A. S. (2011). The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Berkeley Expressivity scale. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30(9), 27–33.
  • Diener, E. (1984). Subjective Well-Being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542–575.
  • Diener, E. ve Diener, M. (1995). Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(4), 653–663.
  • Emiroğlu, V. (1989). Yaşlılık ve yaşlının sosyal uyumu. Ankara: Başkan Yayınevi.
  • Emiroğlu, V. (1995). Yaşlılık ve yaşlının sosyal uyumu, Ankara: Şafak Matbacılık Ltf. Şti.
  • Ercan-Şahin, N. Ve Üzar-Özçetin, Y. S. (2020). Huzurevinde yaşayan yaşlı bireylerin yaşam doyumu ve umutsuzluk düzeyi. Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilim Dergisi, 13(2), 167–176.
  • Emmons, R. A. ve Crumpler, C. A. (2000). Gratitude as a human strength: Appraising the evidence. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19(1), 56–69.
  • Emmons, R. A. ve McCullough, M. E. (2003). Cunting blessings versus burdens: an experimental ınvestigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(2), 377–389.
  • Emmons, R. A., McCullough, M. E. ve Tsang, J. A. (2003). The assessment of gratıtude. Water Resources. S. J. Lopez ve C. R. Snyder (Ed.), Positive psychological assessmen: A handbook of models and measures.
  • Fernandez-Martinez, B., Prieto-Flores, M. E., Forjaz, M. J., Fernández-Mayoralas, G., Rojo-Pérez, F. ve Martínez Martín, P. (2012). Self-perceived health status in older adults: Regional and sociodemographic inequalities in Spain. Revista de Saude Publica, 46(2), 310–319.
  • Froh, J. J., Kashdan, T. B., Ozimkowski, K. M. ve Miller, N. (2009). Who benefits the most from a gratitude intervention in children and adolescents? Examining positive affect as a moderator. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(5), 408–422.
  • Gable, S. L. ve Haidt, J. (2005). What (and why) is positive psychology? Review of General Psychology, 9(2), 103–110.
  • George, D. ve Mallery, M. (2019). SPSS for Windows step by step: A Simple Guide and Reference. Boston: Pearson.
  • Grundy, E. ve Sloggett, A. (2003). Health inequalities in the older population: The role of personal capital, social resources and socio-economic circumstances. Social Science and Medicine, 56(5), 935–947.
  • Ho, H. C. Y., Yeung, D. Y. Ve Kwok, S. Y. C. L. (2014). Deveelopment and evaluation of the positive psychology intervention for older adults. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 9(3), 187–197.
  • Homan, K. J. (2016). Self-Compassion and Psychological Well-Being in Older Adults. Journal of Adult Development, 23(2), 111–119.
  • Jensen, R. A. A., Mehlsen, M. Y., Connar, M. O. Ve Mehlsen, N. (2008). Age differences in life stories and neuroticism mediate age differences in subjective well ‐ being. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(1), 3–15.
  • Karakuş, B. (2018). Türkiye’de yaşlılara yönelik hizmetler, kurumsal yaşlı bakımı ve kurumsal yaşlı bakımında illerin durumu. Ankara: Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı Yayınları.
  • Keldal, G. (2015). Warwick-Edinburgh Mental İyi Oluş Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Formu: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 3(1), 103–115.
  • Keskinoğlu, P., Yaka, E., Uçku, R., Yener, G. Ce Kurt, P. (2013). Prevalence and risk factors of dementia among community dwelling elderly people in Izmir, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics, 16(2), 135–141.
  • Killen, A. Ve Macaskill, A. (2015). Using a gratitude ıntervention to enhance well-being in older adults. Journal of Happiness Studies, 16(4), 947–964.
  • Koç, M. (2002). Gelisim psikolojisi açisindanyaslilik döneminde ruhsal gelisim. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(12), 287–304.
  • Konak, A. Ve Çiğdem, Y. (2005). Yaşlılık olgusu : Sivas huzurevi örneği. C.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 29(1), 23–63.
  • Lampinen, P., Heikkinen, R. L., Kauppinen, M. Ve Heikkinen, E. (2007). Activity as a predictor of mental well-being among older adults. Aging and Mental Health, 10(5), 454–466.
  • Lau, R. Ve Cheng, S. (2011). Gratitude lessens death anxiety. European Journal of Ageing, 8(3), 169–175.
  • Leary, M. R., Tate, E. B., Adams, C. E., Allen, A. B. ve Hancock, J. (2007). Self-compassion and reactions to unpleasant self-relevant events: The implications of treating oneself kindly. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(5), 887–904.
  • Lin, C. C. (2014). A higher-order gratitude uniquely predicts subjective well-being: Incremental validity above the personality and a single gratitude. Social Indicators Research, 119(2), 909–924.
  • Liu, G. Ve Zhang, Z. (2004). Sociodemographic differentials of the self-rated health of the oldest-old Chinese. Population Research and Policy Review, 23(2), 117–133.
  • Lurde, A. D. S. B. Ve Latipun. (2019). Correlation Self-Compassion and Happiness among University Students in Timor-Leste: Gratitude as Moderation Variable. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 11(2), 1–8.
  • McCullough, M. E., Emmons, R. A. ve Tsang, J. A. (2002). The grateful disposition: A conceptual and empirical topography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(1), 112–127.
  • Morgan, B., Gulliford, L. ve Kristjánsson, K. (2017). A new approach to measuring moral virtues: The Multi-Component Gratitude Measure. Personality and Individual Differences. 107(1), 179-189.
  • Neff, K. D. (2003). Self-Compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity, 2(2), 85–101.
  • Neff, K. D. (2003). The Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Self-Compassion. Self and Identity, 2(3), 223–250.
  • Neff, K. D. (2008). Self-compassion: Moving beyond the pitfalls of a separate self-concept (Ed. J. Bauer ve H. A. Wayment). Transcending Self-Interest: Psychological Explorations of the Quiet Ego, 95–106.
  • Neff, K. D. (2009). Self-Compassion (Ed..M. R. Leary & R. H. Hoyle), Handbook of Individual Differences in Social Behavior. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Neff, K. D. ve McGehee, P. (2010). Self-compassion and psychological resilience among adolescents and young adults enhanced reader Self and Identity, 9(3), 225–240.
  • Neff, K. D. Ve Vonk, R. (2009). Self-Compassion Versus Global Self-Esteem: Two Different Ways of Relating to Oneself. Journal of Personality, 77(1), 23–50.
  • Onat, U. Ve Çevik, B. (2006). Institutions and Properties of Places About Elderly Care in Turkey. Geriatrics and Gerontology (Ed. S. Arıoğul). Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Öztürk, M. (2016). Yaşlıda ruh sağlığını koruma-pozitif psikoloji ve müdahale yöntemleri. Ege Tıp Dergisi, 55, 19–25.
  • Peel, N. M., Mcclure, R. J. ve Bartlett, H. P. (2005). Behavioral determinants of healthy aging. American journal of preventive medicine, 28(3), 298–304.
  • Peterson, C., Ruch, W., Beermann, U., Park, N. ve Seligman, M. E. P. (2007). Strengths of character, orientations to happiness, and life satisfaction. Journal of Positive Psychology, 2(3), 149–156.
  • Reckart, H., Scott Huebner, E., Hills, K. J. ve Valois, R. F. (2017). A preliminary study of the origins of early adolescents’ gratitude differences. Personality and Individual Differences. 116(1), 44-50.
  • Ryan, R. M. Ve Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 141–166.
  • Sawyer, M. G., Arney, F. M., Baghurst, P. A., Clark, J. J., Graetz, B. W., Kosky, R. J. ve Rey, J. M. (2001). The mental health of young people in Australia: key findings from the child and adolescent component of the national survey of mental health and wellbeing. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 35(6), 806–814.
  • Seligman, M. E. ve Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology. An introduction. The American Psychologist, 55(1), 5–14.
  • Soysa, C. K. Ve Wilcomb, C. J. (2015). Mindfulness, Self-compassion, Self-efficacy, and Gender as Predictors of Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Well-being. Mindfulness, 6(2), 217–226.
  • Tennant, R., Hiller, L., Fishwick, R., Platt, S., Joseph, S., Weich, S., Parkinson, J., Secker, J., Stewart-Brown, S. (2007). The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS): development and UK validation, 5(1), 1–13.
  • Terry, M. L., Leary, M. R., Mehta, S. Ve Henderson, K. (2013). Self-Compassionate Reactions to Health Threats. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(7), 911–926.
  • Tezcan, S. ve Seçkiner, P. (2012). Türkiye’de demografik değişim; Yaşlılık perspektifi. (Ed: D. Arslan ve M. Ertem). Yaşlı Sağlığı: Sorun ve Çözümler. Halk Sağlığı Uzmanları Derneği Yayınları No: 2012-1. Ankara: Palme Yayıncılık.
  • Zessin, U., Dickhauser, O. ve Garbade, S. (2015). The relationship between self‐compassion and well‐being: A meta‐analysis. Health And Well-Beıng, 7(3), 340–364.
  • Tian, L., Du, M. Ve Huebner, E. S. (2015) The Effect of Gratitude on Elementary School Students’ Subjective Well-Being in Schools: The Mediating Role of Prosocial Behavior. Social Indicators Research, 122(3), 887–904.
  • TÜİK. (2021). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Haber Bülteni. İstatistiklerle Yaşlılar, 2020. Erişim adresi: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Yaslilar-2020-37227
  • Wei, M., Liao, K. Y. H., Ku, T.Y. ve Shaffer, P. A. (2011). Attachment, Self-Compassion, Empathy, and Subjective Well Being Among College Students and Community Adults. Journal of Personality, 79(1), 191–221.
  • Werner, K. H., Hooria, J., Goldin, P. R., Michal, Z., G.Heimberg, R. ve Gross, J. J. (2012). Self-compassion and social anxiety disorder. Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 25(5), 543–558.
  • WorldBank, (2021). Erişim adresi: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.65UP.TO?locations=1W
  • Yerli, G. (2017). Yaşlılık dönemi özellikleri ve yaşlılara yönelik sosyal hizmetler. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 10(52), 1278–1287.
  • Yılmaz, E. (2018). Huzurevinde kalan yaşlılarda depresyon ve benlik saygısı ilişkisi. Kalem Eğitim ve İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 553–578.
  • Yost-Dubrow, R. ve Dunham, Y. (2018). Evidence for a relationship between trait gratitude and prosocial behaviour. Cognition and Emotion, 32(2), 397–403.
  • Yue, X. D., Hiranandani, N. A. ve Jiang, F. (2017). Unpacking the gender differences on mental health: The effects of optimism and gratitude. Psychological Reports, 120(4), 639–649.
  • Yüksel, A. ve Oğuz Duran, N. (2012). Turkish adaptation of the gratitude. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, (46), 199–215
  • Zessin, U., Dickhauser, O. ve Garbade, S. (2015). The relationship between self‐compassion and well‐being: A meta‐analysis. Health And Well-Beıng, 7(3), 340–364.
Toplam 78 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sosyoloji (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Yunus Emre Demirci 0000-0001-9974-7742

Gazanfer Anlı 0000-0002-6141-7964

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Temmuz 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 33 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Demirci, Y. E., & Anlı, G. (2022). Huzurevinde Kalan Yaşlıların Minnettarlık, Mental İyi Oluş ve Öz Anlayış Düzeyleri Üzerine Bir Alan Araştırması. Toplum Ve Sosyal Hizmet, 33(3), 937-953. https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.1033916