ADLİ PSİKİYATRİK ALANDA SOSYAL HİZMET UZMANLARININ ROL VE İŞLEVLERİ

Yıl 2021, , 125 - 141, 30.12.2021

Hakan Karaağaç , Esra Çalık Var

https://doi.org/10.46218/tshd.995837

Cited By: 1

Öz

Günümüzde, birçok ülkede, ağır ruhsal bozukluğa sahip bireyler cezalandırılmamakta ve bu bireylere mahkeme kararlarıyla zorunlu psikiyatrik tedavi verilmektedir. Bu hizmetler güvenlik seviyesi artırılmış yüksek güvenlikli hastanelerde sunulmaktadır. Ülkemizde, şehir hastanelerinin kurulmasıyla birlikte uzun yıllardır eksikliği görülen Yüksek Güvenlikli Adli Psikiyatri Hastaneleri 2018 yılı itibariyle açılmaya başlamış ve adli psikiyatri yatak sayıları artırılmıştır. Dünya’da adli psikiyatri hizmetlerinin sunumuna ve geliştirilmesine ilişkin tecrübe sahibi ülkeler vardır. Özellikle İngiltere ve ABD’de düşük, orta ve yüksek güvenlikli adli hastanelerle birlikte, toplum temelli bakım ve taburculuk sonrası takip sistemleri oldukça gelişmiştir. Sosyal hizmet uzmanları adli psikiyatrik tedavi ekibinin üyesi olarak hemen hemen tüm süreçte görev almakta ve mesleğin doğasına özgü işlev ve rollerini yerine getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Dünyada ve Türkiye’de adli psikiyatri hizmetlerinin gelişimine, sosyal hizmet mesleği açısından önemine ve adli psikiyatrik sosyal hizmet uzmanının işlev ve rolleri çeşitli yönleriyle ele alınmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adli psikiyatri, Sosyal hizmet, Adli psikiyatri hastanesi.

ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL WORKERS IN THE FORENSIC PSYCHIATRIC FIELD

Öz

Today, in many countries, individuals with severe mental disorders are not punished and compulsory psychiatric treatment is given by court decisions. These services are offered in high security hospitals with increased security levels. With the opening of city hospitals in our country, High Security Forensic Psychiatry hospitals, which have been lacking for many years, started to be opened as of 2018 and the number of forensic psychiatry beds was increased. There are countries in the world that have experience in the provision and development of forensic psychiatry services. There are countries in the world that have experience in the provision and development of forensic psychiatry services. Especially in England and the USA, community-based care and post-discharge follow-up systems are highly developed, together with low, medium and high security forensic hospitals. Social workers take part in almost the entire process as a member of the forensic psychiatric treatment team and fulfill their functions and roles specific to the nature of the profession. In this study, the development of forensic psychiatry services in the world and in Turkey, its importance in terms of the social work profession, and the functions and roles of forensic psychiatric social workers are discussed in various aspects.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Forensic psychiatry, Social work, Forensic psychiatry hospital.

Kaynakça

• Abdalla-Filho, E., & Bertolote, J. M. (2006). Forensic psychiatric systems in the world. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 28, 56-61.
• Barbui, C., & Saraceno, B. (2015). Closing forensic psychiatric hospitals in Italy: a new revolution begins?. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 206(6), 445-446.
• Bloom, J. D., Williams, M. H., & Bigelow, D. A. (2000). The forensic psychiatric system in the United States. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 23(5-6), 605-613.
• Brinded, P. M. (2000). Forensic psychiatry in New Zealand. A review. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 23(5-6), 453-465.
• Carabellese, F., & Felthous, A. R. (2016). Closing Italian forensic psychiatry hospitals in favor of treating insanity acquittees in the community. Behavioral sciences & the law, 34(2-3), 444-459.
• Central Council for Education and Training in Social Work (CCETSW), (1995). Achieving Competence in Forensic Social Work. Erişim Tarihi: 15.03.2021. https://bnb.data.bl.uk/doc/resource/012701888/publicationevent/LondonCentralCouncilForEducationandTraininginSocialWork1995
• Dally, (2020). Forensic social workers today: the role of the social supervisor, continuing professional development, recruitment and retention issues: a summary of findings. Health Education England as part of the New Roles in Mental Health programme of work, 1-37.
• Di Lorito, C., Castelletti, L., Lega, I., Gualco, B., Scarpa, F., & Vӧllm, B. (2017). The closing of forensic psychiatric hospitals in Italy: determinants, current status and future perspectives. A scoping review. International journal of Law and Psychiatry, 55, 54-63.
• Ganju, V. (2000). The Mental Health System in India-History, Current System, and Prospects. International Journal of law and Psychiatry, 3(23), 393-402.
• Guidance for commissioners of forensic mental health services, (2013). Erişim Tarihi: 15.03.2021 https://mentalhealthpartnerships.com/resource/guidance-for-commissioners-of-forensic mental-health-services/ Hanley, N., & Ross, S. (2013). Forensic mental health in Australia: Charting the gaps. Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 24(3), 341-356.
• Honkonen, T., Saarinen, S., & Salokangas, R. K. (1999). Deinstitutionalization and schizophrenia in Finland II: discharged patients and their psychosocial functioning. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 25(3), 543-551.
• Ibishi, N. F., Musliu, N. R., Hundozi, Z., & Citaku, K. (2015). Prevalence of the hospitalisation of mentally ill offenders in the Forensic Unit of the Clinic of Psychiatry in Pristina over a three-year period and long-term strategy implications for the management of the Forensic Mental Health System Service. Medicine, Science and the Law, 55(3), 201-207.
• Jansman-Hart, E. M., Seto, M. C., Crocker, A. G., Nicholls, T. L., & Côté, G. (2011). International trends in demand for forensic mental health services. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 10(4), 326-336.
• Kaempf, A., & Pinals, D. A. (2008). Handbook of Forensic Mental Health With Victims and Offenders: Assessment, Treatment, and Research. Psychiatric Services, 59(2), 213-214.
• Kapp, M. B. (1986). The Mentally Disabled and the Law, 3d ed. By Samuel Jan Brakel, John Parry, and Barbara A. Weiner. Law, Medicine and Healthcare, 14(3-4), 211-212.
• Karamustafalıoğlu, O. (2018). Temel ve klinik psikiyatri. Güneş Tıp Kitapevleri.
• Marle, H. (2000). Forensic psychiatric services in the Netherlands. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 23(5-6), 515-531.
• National Association of Social Workers, (2021). Code of ethics: Erişim Tarihi: 05.05.2021 https://www.socialworkers.org/About/Ethics/Code-of-Ethics/Code-of-Ethics-English
• Nedopil, N. (2009). The role of forensic psychiatry in mental health systems in Europe. Crim. Behav. Ment. Health,19,224–234.
• Njenga, F. G. (2006). Forensic psychiatry: the African experience. World Psychiatry, 5(2), 97. NOFSW, (2020). What is forensic social work. Erişim Tarihi: 05.05.2021 https://www.nofsw.org/what-is-forensic-social-work-1
• Ocloo, J., Garfield, S., Franklin, B. D., & Dawson, S. (2021). Exploring the theory, barriers and enablers for patient and public involvement across health, social care and patient safety: a systematic review of reviews. Health research policy and systems, 19(1), 1-21.
• Pan American Health Organization (2000). Declaration of Caracas. Erişim Tarihi: 03.02.2021. https://www.paho.org/hr-ecourse-e/assets/_pdf/Module1/Lesson1/M1_L1_3.pdf.
• Ruchkin VV (2000). The forensic psychiatric system of Russia. Int. J. Law Psychiatry, 23,555–565.
• Salize, H. J., Dreßing, H., & Kief, C. (2005). Placement and treatment of mentally ill offenders–legislation and practice in EU Member States. Mannheim: Central Institute of Mental Health.
• Salzberg, S. M. (1991). Japan's new Mental Health Law: more light shed on dark places?. International journal of law and psychiatry, 14,137–168.
• Sampson, S., Edworthy, R., Völlm, B., & Bulten, E. (2016). Long-term forensic mental health services: an exploratory comparison of 18 European countries. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 15(4), 333-351.
• Seppänen, A., Törmänen, I., Shaw, C., & Kennedy, H. (2018). Modern forensic psychiatric hospital design: clinical, legal and structural aspects. International journal of mental health systems, 12(1), 1-12.
• Shankar, J., Martin, J., & McDonald, C. (2009). Emerging areas of practice for mental health social workers: Education and employment. Australian Social Work, 62(1), 28–44.
• Völlm, B. A., Clarke, M., Herrando, V. T., Seppänen, A. O., Gosek, P., Heitzman, J., & Bulten, E. (2018). European Psychiatric Association (EPA) guidance on forensic psychiatry: Evidence based assessment and treatment of mentally disordered offenders. European Psychiatry, 51, 58-73.
• Yanık, M. (2007). Türkiye ruh sağlığı sistemi üzerine değerlendirme ve öneriler. RCHP, Psikiyatride Derlemeler, Olgular ve Varsayımlar Dergisi, 1(Özel Sayı), 11-29.
• Yanık, M. (2007). Türkiye ruh sağlığı sistemi üzerine değerlendirme ve öneriler ruh sağlığı eylem planı önerisi. Reviews, Cases And Hypotheses in Psychiatry Özel Sayısı, 1(3), 9-78.
• United Nations, (1991). Principles for the protection of persons with mental illness and the improvement of mental health care. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, adopted by General Assembly resolution 46/119 of 17 December 1991.