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Evaluating the Role of Destination Marketing Organization's Twitter Data in the Formation of Destination Image

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 26, 142 - 162, 30.06.2025

Öz

Destination Management Organisations (DMOs) Twitter accounts play a vital role in creating awareness among tourists about the destination. The study evaluates the top five tourism-performing Indian state DMOs' role in building destination image by analysing their Twitter Pages. Many papers are there that focus on DMOs' social media pages, but in the context of the Indian DMO's role in DI, is negligible, and efforts on papers that reflect the social media analysis for non-coders are almost missing. Further, this study performs text analysis and visual representations of frequent words and finds the primary attributes through which the DMOs promote their destinations.

Kaynakça

  • Arifiansyah, R., Raja, D., & Saragih, U. (2020). The Role of social media And Destination Image on Visiting Decision : A Case Study in Taman Mini Indonesia Indah. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 12745–12763.
  • Aydin, G. (2020). Social media engagement and organic post effectiveness: A roadmap for increasing the effectiveness of social media use in hospitality industry. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 29(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2019.1588824.
  • Budi, T. S. W., Wen, S. C., & Ratnawati, K. (2017). Using Social Media Mining to Understand Public Opinion towards Destination Image. Asia Pacific Management and Business Application, 5(3), 137–160. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.apmba.2017.005.03.3
  • Bui, V., Alaei, A. R., Vu, H. Q., Li, G., & Law, R. (2021). Revisiting Tourism Destination Image: A Holistic Measurement Framework Using Big Data. Journal of Travel Research, 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875211024749
  • Charlesworth, A. (2015). An introduction to social media marketing. In Choice Reviews Online (Vol. 52, Issue 11). https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.191389
  • Charlesworth, A. (2018). Digital Marketing: A Practical Approach.
  • Clarke, H., & Hassanien, A. (2020). An evaluation of Toronto’s destination image through tourist generated content on Twitter. International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management, 11(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJCRMM.2020040101
  • Curlin, T., Jaković, B., & Miloloža, I. (2019). Twitter usage in Tourism: Literature Review. Business Systems Research, 10(1), 102–119. https://doi.org/10.2478/bsrj-2019-0008
  • de las Heras-Pedrosa, C., Millan-Celis, E., Iglesias-Sánchez, P. P., & Jambrino-Maldonado, C. (2020). Importance of social media in the image formation of tourist destinations fromthe stakeholders’ perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(10), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12104092
  • Dedeoğlu, B. B., van Niekerk, M., Küçükergin, K. G., De Martino, M., & Okumuş, F. (2020). Effect of social media sharing on destination brand awareness and destination quality. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 26(1), 33–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766719858644
  • Drivas, I. C., Kouis, D., Kyriaki-Manessi, D., & Giannakopoulou, F. (2022). Social Media Analytics and Metrics for Improving Users Engagement. Knowledge, 2(2), 225–242. https://doi.org/10.3390/knowledge2020014
  • Echtner, C. M., & Ritchie, J. R. B. (2003). The Meaning and Measurement of Destination Image. The Journal of Tourism Studies, 14(1), 37–48.
  • Fernández-Cavia, J., Marchiori, E., Haven-Tang, C., & Cantoni, L. (2017). Online communication in Spanish destination marketing organizations: The view of practitioners. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 23(3), 264–273. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766716640840
  • Garay Tamajón, L., & Cànoves Valiente, G. (2017). Barcelona seen through the eyes of TripAdvisor: actors, typologies and components of destination image in social media platforms. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(1), 33–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2015.1073229
  • Gartner, W. C. (1994). Image formation process. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 2(2–3), 191–216. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v02n02_12
  • Hahm, J. J., & Tasci, A. D. A. (2020). Country image and destination image of Brazil in relation to information sources. Journal OfHospitality and Tourism Insights, 3(2), 95–114. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-04-2019-0057
  • Hays, S., Page, S. J., & Buhalis, D. (2013). Current Issues in Tourism Social media as a destination marketing tool : its use by national tourism organisations. Current Issues in Tourism, 3500. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2012.662215
  • Herath, H., Hemmington, N., & Poulston, J. (2020). “Dirty pictures”–responsible photographic representation of tourism destinations. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 37(6), 663–678. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2020.1789026
  • Hines, K. (2022). Social Media Usage Statistics For Digital Marketers In 2022. https://www.searchenginejournal.com/top-social-media-statistics/418826/
  • Hvass, K. A., & Munar, A. M. (2012). The takeoff of social media in tourism. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 18(2), 93–103. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766711435978
  • International Telecommunication Union (ITU). (2023). STATISTICS. United Nations. https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/stat/default.aspx
  • Irfan, A., Rasli, A., Sami, A., & Liaquat, H. (2017). Role of social media in promoting education tourism. Advanced Science Letters, 23(9), 8728–8731. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.9959
  • Jimura, T., & Lee, T. J. (2020). The impact of photographs on the online marketing for tourism: The case of Japanese-style inns. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 26(3), 354–364. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766720913066
  • Jin, X., & Cheng, M. (2020). Communicating mega events on Twitter : implications for destination marketing. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 37(6), 739–755. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2020.1812466
  • Ketter, E., & Avraham, E. (2021). #StayHome today so we can #TravelTomorrow: tourism destinations’ digital marketing strategies during the Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 38(8), 819–832. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2021.1921670
  • Khaki, A., Shaban, R., & Mir, M. A. (2023). Assessing the Impact of Destination Image in the Selection of a Destination: Mediating role of e-WOM. Atna Journal of Tourism Studies, 18(2), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.12727/ajts.30.1
  • Kim, H. J. M., & Chakraborty, S. (2024). Exploring the diffusion of digital fashion and influencers’ social roles in the Metaverse: an analysis of Twitter hashtag networks. Internet Research, 34(1), 107–128. https://doi.org/10.1108/INTR-09-2022-0727
  • Kumar, P., Mohan, M. J., & Venkata, R. Y. (2021). Analysing tourism destination promotion through Facebook by Destination Marketing Organizations of India. Current Issues in Tourism, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1921713
  • Lalicic, L., Marine-Roig, E., Ferrer-Rosell, B., & Martin-Fuentes, E. (2021). Destination image analytics for tourism design: An approach through Airbnb reviews. Annals of Tourism Research. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103100
  • Lin, M. S., Liang, Y., Xue, J. X., Pan, B., & Schroeder, A. (2021). Destination image through social media analytics and survey method. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(6), 2219–2238. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-08-2020-0861
  • Lund, N. F., Scarles, C., & Cohen, S. A. (2020). The Brand Value Continuum: Countering Co-destruction of Destination Branding in Social Media through Storytelling. Journal of Travel Research, 59(8), 1506–1521. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287519887234
  • Marine-Roig, E. (2021). Measuring Online Destination Image, Satisfaction, and Loyalty: Evidence from Barcelona Districts. Tourism and Hospitality, 2(1), 62–78. https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp2010004
  • Marzouk, A. M. (2021). Egypt’s image as a tourist destination: an exploratory analysis of DMO’s social media platforms. Leisure/ Loisir. https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2021.1971554
  • Micera, R., & Crispino, R. (2017). Destination web reputation as “ smart tool ” for image building : the case analysis of Naples city-destination. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 3(4), 406–423. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-11-2016-0048
  • Min. Of Tourism, G. (2021). India Tourism Statistics FY’21. December, 2006.
  • Mohammed, H. T., Hyseni, L., Bui, V., Gerritsen, B., Fuller, K., Sung, J., & Alarakhia, M. (2021). Exploring the use and challenges of implementing virtual visits during COVID-19 in primary care and lessons for sustained use. PLoS ONE, 16(6 June), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253665
  • Molinillo, S., Liébana-Cabanillas, F., & Anaya-Sánchez, R. (2017). Destination Image on the DMO’s Platforms: Official Website and Social Media. Tourism & Management Studies, 13(3), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.2017.13301
  • N A Deraman, A. G. B., Samah, K. A. F. A., Jono, M. N. H. H., M A M Isa, S., & Saad1. (2021). A Social Media Mining Using Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis on Tourism in Malaysia During A Social Media Mining Using Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis on Tourism in Malaysia During Covid19. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science PAPER. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/704/1/012020
  • Nadeau, J., Wardley, L. J., & Rajabi, E. (2022). Tourism destination image resiliency during a pandemic as portrayed through emotions on Twitter. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 22(1), 60–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/14673584211038317
  • Nave, M., Rita, P., & Guerreiro, J. (2018). A decision support system framework to track consumer sentiments in social media. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 27(6), 693–710. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2018.1435327
  • Nusair, K., Butt, I., & Nikhashemi, S. R. (2019). A bibliometric analysis of social media in hospitality and tourism research. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(7), 2691–2719. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2018-0489
  • Philander, K., & Zhong, Y. Y. (2016). Twitter sentiment analysis: Capturing sentiment from integrated resort tweets. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 55, 16–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.02.001
  • Qian, J., Wei, J., & Law, R. (2018). Review of critical discourse analysis in tourism studies. International Journal of Tourism Research, 20(4), 526–537. https://doi.org/10.1002/JTR.2202
  • Review, W. P. (2022). Internet Users by Country 2022. World Population Review. https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/internet-users-by-country
  • Rodríguez, M., Nassanbekova, S., Pérez, L. M., & Uruzbayeva, N. (2020). The impact of information quality in DMOs’ Facebook pages on the formation of destination image in the Silk Road: the case of Almaty, Kazakhstan. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(13), 1587–1592. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2019.1646225
  • Roque, V., & Raposa, R. (2016). Social media as a communication and marketing tool in tourism: an analysis of online activities from international key player DMO. Anatolia, 27(1), 58–70. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2015.1083209
  • Siregar, N. S. S., Nasrul, Yusuf, Sriekaningsih, A., & Mokodompit, E. A. (2020). Social media for tourism marketing. Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques, 8(1), 262–264.
  • Sontayasara, T., Jariyapongpaiboon, S., Promjun, A., & Seelpipat, N. (2021). Twitter Sentiment Analysis of Bangkok Tourism During COVID-19 Pandemic Using Support Vector Machine Algorithm. 16(1).
  • Stepaniuk, K. (2015). The relation between destination image and social media user engagement – theoretical approach. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 213, 616–621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.459
  • Stepchenkova, S., & Zhan, F. (2012). Visual destination images of Peru : Comparative content analysis of DMO and user-generated photography q. Tourism Management, 1–12.
  • Tavakoli, R., & Wijesinghe, S. N. R. (2019). The evolution of the web and netnography in tourism : A systematic review. Current Issue in Tourism, 29(October 2018), 48–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2018.10.008
  • Taylor, D. G. (2020). Putting the “self” in selfies: how narcissism, envy and self-promotion motivate sharing of travel photos through social media. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 37(1), 64–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2020.1711847
  • Twitter Users by Country 2022. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2022, from https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/twitter-users-by-country
  • United Nations. (n.d.). Internet uptake has accelerated during the pandemic. International Telecommunication
  • Union (ITU). Retrieved December 1, 2022, from https://www.itu.int/itu-d/reports/statistics/facts-figures-2021/index/
  • Williams, N. L., Wassler, P., & Ferdinand, N. (2020). Tourism and the COVID-(Mis)infodemic. Journal of Travel Research, December. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520981135

Evaluating the Role of Destination Marketing Organization's Twitter Data in the Formation of Destination Image

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 26, 142 - 162, 30.06.2025

Öz

Destination Management Organisations (DMOs) Twitter accounts play a vital role in creating awareness among tourists about the destination. The study evaluates the top five tourism-performing Indian state DMOs' role in building destination image by analysing their Twitter Pages. Many papers are there that focus on DMOs' social media pages, but in the context of the Indian DMO's role in DI, is negligible, and efforts on papers that reflect the social media analysis for non-coders are almost missing. Further, this study performs text analysis and visual representations of frequent words and finds the primary attributes through which the DMOs promote their destinations.

Etik Beyan

All the data used is qualitative data published in the public pages of social media platforms, and we confirm that the research has been conducted ethically and responsibly.

Kaynakça

  • Arifiansyah, R., Raja, D., & Saragih, U. (2020). The Role of social media And Destination Image on Visiting Decision : A Case Study in Taman Mini Indonesia Indah. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 12745–12763.
  • Aydin, G. (2020). Social media engagement and organic post effectiveness: A roadmap for increasing the effectiveness of social media use in hospitality industry. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 29(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2019.1588824.
  • Budi, T. S. W., Wen, S. C., & Ratnawati, K. (2017). Using Social Media Mining to Understand Public Opinion towards Destination Image. Asia Pacific Management and Business Application, 5(3), 137–160. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.apmba.2017.005.03.3
  • Bui, V., Alaei, A. R., Vu, H. Q., Li, G., & Law, R. (2021). Revisiting Tourism Destination Image: A Holistic Measurement Framework Using Big Data. Journal of Travel Research, 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875211024749
  • Charlesworth, A. (2015). An introduction to social media marketing. In Choice Reviews Online (Vol. 52, Issue 11). https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.191389
  • Charlesworth, A. (2018). Digital Marketing: A Practical Approach.
  • Clarke, H., & Hassanien, A. (2020). An evaluation of Toronto’s destination image through tourist generated content on Twitter. International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management, 11(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJCRMM.2020040101
  • Curlin, T., Jaković, B., & Miloloža, I. (2019). Twitter usage in Tourism: Literature Review. Business Systems Research, 10(1), 102–119. https://doi.org/10.2478/bsrj-2019-0008
  • de las Heras-Pedrosa, C., Millan-Celis, E., Iglesias-Sánchez, P. P., & Jambrino-Maldonado, C. (2020). Importance of social media in the image formation of tourist destinations fromthe stakeholders’ perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(10), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12104092
  • Dedeoğlu, B. B., van Niekerk, M., Küçükergin, K. G., De Martino, M., & Okumuş, F. (2020). Effect of social media sharing on destination brand awareness and destination quality. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 26(1), 33–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766719858644
  • Drivas, I. C., Kouis, D., Kyriaki-Manessi, D., & Giannakopoulou, F. (2022). Social Media Analytics and Metrics for Improving Users Engagement. Knowledge, 2(2), 225–242. https://doi.org/10.3390/knowledge2020014
  • Echtner, C. M., & Ritchie, J. R. B. (2003). The Meaning and Measurement of Destination Image. The Journal of Tourism Studies, 14(1), 37–48.
  • Fernández-Cavia, J., Marchiori, E., Haven-Tang, C., & Cantoni, L. (2017). Online communication in Spanish destination marketing organizations: The view of practitioners. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 23(3), 264–273. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766716640840
  • Garay Tamajón, L., & Cànoves Valiente, G. (2017). Barcelona seen through the eyes of TripAdvisor: actors, typologies and components of destination image in social media platforms. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(1), 33–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2015.1073229
  • Gartner, W. C. (1994). Image formation process. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 2(2–3), 191–216. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v02n02_12
  • Hahm, J. J., & Tasci, A. D. A. (2020). Country image and destination image of Brazil in relation to information sources. Journal OfHospitality and Tourism Insights, 3(2), 95–114. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-04-2019-0057
  • Hays, S., Page, S. J., & Buhalis, D. (2013). Current Issues in Tourism Social media as a destination marketing tool : its use by national tourism organisations. Current Issues in Tourism, 3500. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2012.662215
  • Herath, H., Hemmington, N., & Poulston, J. (2020). “Dirty pictures”–responsible photographic representation of tourism destinations. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 37(6), 663–678. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2020.1789026
  • Hines, K. (2022). Social Media Usage Statistics For Digital Marketers In 2022. https://www.searchenginejournal.com/top-social-media-statistics/418826/
  • Hvass, K. A., & Munar, A. M. (2012). The takeoff of social media in tourism. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 18(2), 93–103. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766711435978
  • International Telecommunication Union (ITU). (2023). STATISTICS. United Nations. https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/stat/default.aspx
  • Irfan, A., Rasli, A., Sami, A., & Liaquat, H. (2017). Role of social media in promoting education tourism. Advanced Science Letters, 23(9), 8728–8731. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.9959
  • Jimura, T., & Lee, T. J. (2020). The impact of photographs on the online marketing for tourism: The case of Japanese-style inns. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 26(3), 354–364. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766720913066
  • Jin, X., & Cheng, M. (2020). Communicating mega events on Twitter : implications for destination marketing. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 37(6), 739–755. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2020.1812466
  • Ketter, E., & Avraham, E. (2021). #StayHome today so we can #TravelTomorrow: tourism destinations’ digital marketing strategies during the Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 38(8), 819–832. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2021.1921670
  • Khaki, A., Shaban, R., & Mir, M. A. (2023). Assessing the Impact of Destination Image in the Selection of a Destination: Mediating role of e-WOM. Atna Journal of Tourism Studies, 18(2), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.12727/ajts.30.1
  • Kim, H. J. M., & Chakraborty, S. (2024). Exploring the diffusion of digital fashion and influencers’ social roles in the Metaverse: an analysis of Twitter hashtag networks. Internet Research, 34(1), 107–128. https://doi.org/10.1108/INTR-09-2022-0727
  • Kumar, P., Mohan, M. J., & Venkata, R. Y. (2021). Analysing tourism destination promotion through Facebook by Destination Marketing Organizations of India. Current Issues in Tourism, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1921713
  • Lalicic, L., Marine-Roig, E., Ferrer-Rosell, B., & Martin-Fuentes, E. (2021). Destination image analytics for tourism design: An approach through Airbnb reviews. Annals of Tourism Research. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103100
  • Lin, M. S., Liang, Y., Xue, J. X., Pan, B., & Schroeder, A. (2021). Destination image through social media analytics and survey method. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(6), 2219–2238. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-08-2020-0861
  • Lund, N. F., Scarles, C., & Cohen, S. A. (2020). The Brand Value Continuum: Countering Co-destruction of Destination Branding in Social Media through Storytelling. Journal of Travel Research, 59(8), 1506–1521. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287519887234
  • Marine-Roig, E. (2021). Measuring Online Destination Image, Satisfaction, and Loyalty: Evidence from Barcelona Districts. Tourism and Hospitality, 2(1), 62–78. https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp2010004
  • Marzouk, A. M. (2021). Egypt’s image as a tourist destination: an exploratory analysis of DMO’s social media platforms. Leisure/ Loisir. https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2021.1971554
  • Micera, R., & Crispino, R. (2017). Destination web reputation as “ smart tool ” for image building : the case analysis of Naples city-destination. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 3(4), 406–423. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-11-2016-0048
  • Min. Of Tourism, G. (2021). India Tourism Statistics FY’21. December, 2006.
  • Mohammed, H. T., Hyseni, L., Bui, V., Gerritsen, B., Fuller, K., Sung, J., & Alarakhia, M. (2021). Exploring the use and challenges of implementing virtual visits during COVID-19 in primary care and lessons for sustained use. PLoS ONE, 16(6 June), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253665
  • Molinillo, S., Liébana-Cabanillas, F., & Anaya-Sánchez, R. (2017). Destination Image on the DMO’s Platforms: Official Website and Social Media. Tourism & Management Studies, 13(3), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.2017.13301
  • N A Deraman, A. G. B., Samah, K. A. F. A., Jono, M. N. H. H., M A M Isa, S., & Saad1. (2021). A Social Media Mining Using Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis on Tourism in Malaysia During A Social Media Mining Using Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis on Tourism in Malaysia During Covid19. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science PAPER. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/704/1/012020
  • Nadeau, J., Wardley, L. J., & Rajabi, E. (2022). Tourism destination image resiliency during a pandemic as portrayed through emotions on Twitter. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 22(1), 60–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/14673584211038317
  • Nave, M., Rita, P., & Guerreiro, J. (2018). A decision support system framework to track consumer sentiments in social media. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 27(6), 693–710. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2018.1435327
  • Nusair, K., Butt, I., & Nikhashemi, S. R. (2019). A bibliometric analysis of social media in hospitality and tourism research. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(7), 2691–2719. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2018-0489
  • Philander, K., & Zhong, Y. Y. (2016). Twitter sentiment analysis: Capturing sentiment from integrated resort tweets. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 55, 16–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.02.001
  • Qian, J., Wei, J., & Law, R. (2018). Review of critical discourse analysis in tourism studies. International Journal of Tourism Research, 20(4), 526–537. https://doi.org/10.1002/JTR.2202
  • Review, W. P. (2022). Internet Users by Country 2022. World Population Review. https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/internet-users-by-country
  • Rodríguez, M., Nassanbekova, S., Pérez, L. M., & Uruzbayeva, N. (2020). The impact of information quality in DMOs’ Facebook pages on the formation of destination image in the Silk Road: the case of Almaty, Kazakhstan. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(13), 1587–1592. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2019.1646225
  • Roque, V., & Raposa, R. (2016). Social media as a communication and marketing tool in tourism: an analysis of online activities from international key player DMO. Anatolia, 27(1), 58–70. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2015.1083209
  • Siregar, N. S. S., Nasrul, Yusuf, Sriekaningsih, A., & Mokodompit, E. A. (2020). Social media for tourism marketing. Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques, 8(1), 262–264.
  • Sontayasara, T., Jariyapongpaiboon, S., Promjun, A., & Seelpipat, N. (2021). Twitter Sentiment Analysis of Bangkok Tourism During COVID-19 Pandemic Using Support Vector Machine Algorithm. 16(1).
  • Stepaniuk, K. (2015). The relation between destination image and social media user engagement – theoretical approach. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 213, 616–621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.459
  • Stepchenkova, S., & Zhan, F. (2012). Visual destination images of Peru : Comparative content analysis of DMO and user-generated photography q. Tourism Management, 1–12.
  • Tavakoli, R., & Wijesinghe, S. N. R. (2019). The evolution of the web and netnography in tourism : A systematic review. Current Issue in Tourism, 29(October 2018), 48–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2018.10.008
  • Taylor, D. G. (2020). Putting the “self” in selfies: how narcissism, envy and self-promotion motivate sharing of travel photos through social media. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 37(1), 64–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2020.1711847
  • Twitter Users by Country 2022. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2022, from https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/twitter-users-by-country
  • United Nations. (n.d.). Internet uptake has accelerated during the pandemic. International Telecommunication
  • Union (ITU). Retrieved December 1, 2022, from https://www.itu.int/itu-d/reports/statistics/facts-figures-2021/index/
  • Williams, N. L., Wassler, P., & Ferdinand, N. (2020). Tourism and the COVID-(Mis)infodemic. Journal of Travel Research, December. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520981135
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Turizm (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Mamta Solanki 0000-0002-0268-1263

Joby Thomas 0000-0002-4493-1048

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Haziran 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Şubat 2025
Kabul Tarihi 30 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 26

Kaynak Göster

APA Solanki, M., & Thomas, J. (2025). Evaluating the Role of Destination Marketing Organization’s Twitter Data in the Formation of Destination Image. Journal of Travel and Tourism Research, 26(26), 142-162.

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