Trafikte Ergenlerin Cinsiyet Kalıp Yargıları: Cinsiyet ve Aile İlişkilerinin Rolü

Öz

Araştırmalar, erkek ve kadın sürücüler arasında, erkek sürücülerin daha fazla trafik cezası alması ve kadın sürücülerin daha fazla hata yapması gibi bir dizi farklılık olduğunu göstermektedir. Gözlemlenen bu cinsiyet farklılığına bağlı olarak, sürüş bağlamında toplumsal cinsiyet kalıp yargılarının ve belirleyicilerinin varlığını inceleyen nispeten az sayıda araştırma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki ergenlerin kadın ve erkek sürücü algılarını ve cinsiyet farklılıklarının ve ebeveynlerle ilişkilerin cinsiyet kalıp yargılarının onaylanmasına nasıl katkıda bulunduğunu incelemiştir. Çalışma, Sürücülükle İlişkili Cinsiyet Kalıp Yargıları (SSAD) ve demografik bilgi formundan oluşan bir anket paketini dolduran 15-20 yaş arası 128 lise çağındaki ergen (M = 16.25, SD = 1.32) ile yürütülmüştür. Cinsiyet stereotipi onay endeksleri açısından, kız ergenler kadın sürücüleri daha kibar ve riskten kaçınan olarak bildirirken, erkek ergenler erkek sürücüleri daha becerikli olarak bildirmiştir. Babalarla olumlu bir ilişki nezaket ve riskten kaçınma kalıp yargılarının onaylanmasını azaltırken, annelerle daha iyi bir ilişki sürüş becerileri kalıp yargısının daha az onaylanmasıyla sonuçlanmıştır. Sonuçlar, ergenler arasında cinsiyet kalıp yargılarının varlığına ve aile ilişkilerinin cinsiyet kalıp yargılarının onaylanması açısından önemine dair kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Bulgular, erken yaşta kalıp yargılara odaklanan eğitim ve müdahale çalışmalarının tasarlanmasında kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• cinsiyet kalıp yargıları
• sürücü kalıp yargıları
• ergenlik
• cinsiyet farklılığı
• ebeveyn-çocuk ilişkisi

Sex Stereotypes of Adolescents in Traffic: The Role of Sex and Family Relationships

Öz

Studies have shown a number of differences between male and female drivers, such as male drivers committing more offenses and female drivers making more errors. Related to this persistent sex difference, relatively little research has been conducted to examine the presence of gender stereotypes and determinants in the context of driving. This study examined the perceptions of female and male drivers among adolescents in Türkiye and how sex differences and relationships with parents contributed to the endorsement of sex stereotypes. The study was conducted with 128 high school adolescents aged 15-20 years (M = 16.25, SD = 1.32) who completed a questionnaire package consisting of the Sex Stereotypes Associated with Driving (SSAD) and a demographic information form. In terms of sex stereotype endorsement indices, female adolescents reported female drivers as more polite and risk-averse, whereas male adolescents reported male drivers as more skilled. While a positive relationship with fathers reduced the endorsement of courtesy and risk-avoidance stereotypes, a better relationship with mothers resulted in a lower endorsement of the driving skills stereotype. The results provide evidence for the existence of sex stereotypes among adolescents and for the importance of family relationships in relation to sex stereotype endorsement. The findings can be used to design training and education that focuses on stereotypes at an early age.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sex stereotypes
• driver stereotypes
• adolescence
• sex difference
• parent-child relationship

Kaynakça

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