Araştırma Makalesi
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Examination of the Links between the Dark Triad Personality Traits and Driver Behaviors

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 66 - 77, 31.10.2019

Öz



Although
there are many studies investigating personality traits in the driving context,
examination of the Dark Triad personality traits (narcissism, Machiavellianism,
and psychopathy) in this context is relatively limited. In the current study,
the relationship between Dark Triad personality traits and driver behaviors
measured by the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (Reason et al., 1990) is examined
for the first time in the literature. A total of 222 drivers between 18 and 65
years of age who has driven at least 3000 kms filled out the online questionnaire
package. Correlation analyses yielded results confirming the expected pattern
of positive associations between the Dark Triad traits and aggressive
violations, ordinary violations, errors and lapses. In addition, multiple
regression analyses results indicated that narcissism is the strongest
predictor of driver behaviors among the Dark Triad personality traits.
Narcissism yielded statistically significant associations with all the driver
behavior dimensions except for aggressive violations in the regression
analyses. Machiavellianism significantly predicted aggressive and ordinary
violations; while psychopathy predicted none of the driver behavior dimensions
significantly.

Kaynakça

  • Ball, L., Tully, R. ve Egan, V. (2018). The influence of impulsivity and the Dark Triad on self-reported aggressive driving behaviours. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 120, 130–138.
  • Bıçaksız, P. ve Özkan, T. (2016). Impulsivity and driver behaviors, offences and accident involvement: A systematic review. Transportation Research Part F: Psychology and Behaviour, 38, 194–223. doi:10.1016/j.trf.2015.06.001
  • Burtăverde, V., Chraif, M., Aniţei, M. ve Mihăil, T. (2016). The incremental validity of the dark triad in predicting driving aggression. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 96, 1–11.
  • Elander, J., West, R. ve French, D. (1993). Behavioral correlates of individual differences in road traffic crash risk: an examination of methods and findings. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 279–294.
  • Endriulaitiene, A., Šeibokaite, L., Zardeckaite-Matulaitiene, K., Markšaityte, R. ve Slavinskiene, J. (2018). Attitudes towards risky driving and Dark Triad personality traits in a group of learner drivers. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 56, 362–370.
  • Evans, L. (1996). Comments: The dominant role of driver behavior in traffic safety. American Journal of Public Health, 86(6), 784–786.
  • Hennessy, D. A. ve Wiesenthal, D. L. (2002). The relationship between driver aggression, vengeance, and violence. Violence and Victims, 17, 707–718.
  • Jakobwitz, S. ve Egan, V. (2006). The dark triad and normal personality traits. Personality & Individual Differences, 40(2), 331–339.
  • Jonah, B. A. (1997). Sensation seeking and risky driving: a review and synthesis of the literature. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 29, 651–665.
  • Jonason, P. K. ve Webster, G. D. (2010). The Dirty Dozen: A concise measure of the Dark Triad. Psychological Assessment, 22(2), 420-432.
  • Jones, D. N. ve Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Introducing the short dark triad (SD3) a brief measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21, 28–41.
  • Lajunen, T. (1997). Personality Factors, Driving Style, and Traffic Safety. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi). University of Helsinki, Helsinki
  • Lewin, I. (1982). Driver training: A perceptual-motor skill approach. Ergonomics, 25, 917–924.
  • Li, F., Li, C., Long, Y., Zhan, C. ve Hennessy, D. A. (2004). Reliability and validity of aggressive driving measures in China. Traffic Injury Prevention, 5, 349–355.
  • Malesza, M. ve Ostaszewski, P. (2016). The utility of the Dark Triad model in the prediction of the self-reported and behavioral risk-taking behaviors among adolescents. Personality & Individual Differences, 90, 7–11.
  • Monteiro, R. P., Coelho, G. L. H., Hanel, P. H. P., Pimentel, C. E. ve Gouveia, V. V. (2018). Personality, dangerous driving, and involvement in accidents: Testing a contextual mediated model. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 58, 106–114.
  • Morf, C. C. ve Rhodewalt, F. (2001). Unraveling the paradoxes of narcissism: A Dynamic self-regulatory processing model. Psychological Inquiry, 12, 177–196.
  • Näätänen, R. ve Summala, H. (1976). Road User Behavior and Traffic Accidents. North-Holland/American Elsevier: Amsterdam/New York.
  • Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2004). Kültür, güvenlik kültürü, Türkiye ve Avrupa`da trafik güvenligi. Proje Numarası: SBB-3023, Haziran 2004, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2005). A new addition to DBQ: Positive driver behaviour scale. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 8, 355–368. doi:10.1016/j.trf.2005.04.018
  • Özsoy, E., Rauthmann, J. F., Jonason, P. K. ve Ardıç, K. (2017). Reliability and validity of the Turkish versions of Dark Triad Dirty Dozen (DTDD-T), Short Dark Triad (SD3- T), and Single Item Narcissism Scale (SINS-T). Personality and Individual Differences 117(2017), 11–14.
  • Paulhus, D. L. ve Williams, K. M. (2002). The Dark Triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36, 556–563.
  • Reason, J.T. (1990). Human Error. Cambridge University Press: New York.
  • Reason, J. T., Manstead, A. S. R., Stradling, S., Baxter, J. ve Campbell, K. (1990). Errors and violations on the road: A real distinction? Ergonomics, 33, 1351–1332.
  • Rumar, K. (1985). Human Behaviour and Traffic Safety. In (Eds.) L. Evans and R. C.
  • Sümer, N., Tümer, B., Ergin, U. ve Şahin, S. M. (2019). Dark personality and road crashes: mediating role of driver vengeance and violations. In: The 10th International Driving Symposium (DA2019), the Eldorado Hotel in Santa Fe, New Mexico.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (2016). Karayolu trafik kaza istatistikleri, 2015. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=21611
  • West, R., Elander, J. ve French, D. (1993). Mild social deviance, Type-A behavior pattern and decision-making style as predictors of self-reported driving style and traffic risk. British Journal of Psychology, 84, 207–219.
  • World Health Organization (2018). Global status report on road safety 2018. https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2018/en/ “Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (2018). Yol güvenliği küresel durum raporu 2018”.

Karanlık Üçlü Kişilik Özellikleri ve Sürücü Davranışları Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 66 - 77, 31.10.2019

Öz

Sürücülük bağlamında kişilik özelliklerini inceleyen çalışmalar yaygın
olduğu halde Karanlık Üçlü (narsisizm, Makyavelizm ve psikopati) kişilik
özelliklerinin bu bağlamda araştırıldığı çalışmalar kısıtlıdır. Bu çalışmada
alanyazında ilk kez Karanlık Üçlü kişilik özellikleri ile Sürücü Davranışları
Anketi (Reason ve diğerleri, 1990) ile ölçülmüş olan sürücü davranışları
boyutları arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. En az 3000 km araç kullanmış olan
18 - 65 yaş arası toplam 222 sürücü internet üzerinden çalışma anketini
doldurmuştur. Korelasyon analizi sonuçları genel olarak beklenen örüntüyü
doğrulamış olup Karanlık Üçlü kişilik özelliklerinin olumsuz sürücülük
boyutlarından saldırgan ihlaller, sıradan ihlaller, hatalar ve ihmaller ile
pozitif yönlü ilişkili olduğu gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca çoklu regresyon analizi
sonuçları, Karanlık Üçlü kişilik özellikleri arasında sürücü davranışlarının en
güçlü yordayıcısının narsisizm olduğunu göstermiştir. Narsisizm, saldırgan
ihlaller dışında tüm sürücü davranışı boyutlarıyla yürütülen regresyon
analizlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişkiler göstermiştir. Makyavelizm
ise hem saldırgan hem de sıradan ihlalleri anlamlı olarak yordarken, psikopati
hiçbir sürücü davranışı boyutuyla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki göstermemiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Ball, L., Tully, R. ve Egan, V. (2018). The influence of impulsivity and the Dark Triad on self-reported aggressive driving behaviours. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 120, 130–138.
  • Bıçaksız, P. ve Özkan, T. (2016). Impulsivity and driver behaviors, offences and accident involvement: A systematic review. Transportation Research Part F: Psychology and Behaviour, 38, 194–223. doi:10.1016/j.trf.2015.06.001
  • Burtăverde, V., Chraif, M., Aniţei, M. ve Mihăil, T. (2016). The incremental validity of the dark triad in predicting driving aggression. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 96, 1–11.
  • Elander, J., West, R. ve French, D. (1993). Behavioral correlates of individual differences in road traffic crash risk: an examination of methods and findings. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 279–294.
  • Endriulaitiene, A., Šeibokaite, L., Zardeckaite-Matulaitiene, K., Markšaityte, R. ve Slavinskiene, J. (2018). Attitudes towards risky driving and Dark Triad personality traits in a group of learner drivers. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 56, 362–370.
  • Evans, L. (1996). Comments: The dominant role of driver behavior in traffic safety. American Journal of Public Health, 86(6), 784–786.
  • Hennessy, D. A. ve Wiesenthal, D. L. (2002). The relationship between driver aggression, vengeance, and violence. Violence and Victims, 17, 707–718.
  • Jakobwitz, S. ve Egan, V. (2006). The dark triad and normal personality traits. Personality & Individual Differences, 40(2), 331–339.
  • Jonah, B. A. (1997). Sensation seeking and risky driving: a review and synthesis of the literature. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 29, 651–665.
  • Jonason, P. K. ve Webster, G. D. (2010). The Dirty Dozen: A concise measure of the Dark Triad. Psychological Assessment, 22(2), 420-432.
  • Jones, D. N. ve Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Introducing the short dark triad (SD3) a brief measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21, 28–41.
  • Lajunen, T. (1997). Personality Factors, Driving Style, and Traffic Safety. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi). University of Helsinki, Helsinki
  • Lewin, I. (1982). Driver training: A perceptual-motor skill approach. Ergonomics, 25, 917–924.
  • Li, F., Li, C., Long, Y., Zhan, C. ve Hennessy, D. A. (2004). Reliability and validity of aggressive driving measures in China. Traffic Injury Prevention, 5, 349–355.
  • Malesza, M. ve Ostaszewski, P. (2016). The utility of the Dark Triad model in the prediction of the self-reported and behavioral risk-taking behaviors among adolescents. Personality & Individual Differences, 90, 7–11.
  • Monteiro, R. P., Coelho, G. L. H., Hanel, P. H. P., Pimentel, C. E. ve Gouveia, V. V. (2018). Personality, dangerous driving, and involvement in accidents: Testing a contextual mediated model. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 58, 106–114.
  • Morf, C. C. ve Rhodewalt, F. (2001). Unraveling the paradoxes of narcissism: A Dynamic self-regulatory processing model. Psychological Inquiry, 12, 177–196.
  • Näätänen, R. ve Summala, H. (1976). Road User Behavior and Traffic Accidents. North-Holland/American Elsevier: Amsterdam/New York.
  • Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2004). Kültür, güvenlik kültürü, Türkiye ve Avrupa`da trafik güvenligi. Proje Numarası: SBB-3023, Haziran 2004, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2005). A new addition to DBQ: Positive driver behaviour scale. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 8, 355–368. doi:10.1016/j.trf.2005.04.018
  • Özsoy, E., Rauthmann, J. F., Jonason, P. K. ve Ardıç, K. (2017). Reliability and validity of the Turkish versions of Dark Triad Dirty Dozen (DTDD-T), Short Dark Triad (SD3- T), and Single Item Narcissism Scale (SINS-T). Personality and Individual Differences 117(2017), 11–14.
  • Paulhus, D. L. ve Williams, K. M. (2002). The Dark Triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36, 556–563.
  • Reason, J.T. (1990). Human Error. Cambridge University Press: New York.
  • Reason, J. T., Manstead, A. S. R., Stradling, S., Baxter, J. ve Campbell, K. (1990). Errors and violations on the road: A real distinction? Ergonomics, 33, 1351–1332.
  • Rumar, K. (1985). Human Behaviour and Traffic Safety. In (Eds.) L. Evans and R. C.
  • Sümer, N., Tümer, B., Ergin, U. ve Şahin, S. M. (2019). Dark personality and road crashes: mediating role of driver vengeance and violations. In: The 10th International Driving Symposium (DA2019), the Eldorado Hotel in Santa Fe, New Mexico.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (2016). Karayolu trafik kaza istatistikleri, 2015. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=21611
  • West, R., Elander, J. ve French, D. (1993). Mild social deviance, Type-A behavior pattern and decision-making style as predictors of self-reported driving style and traffic risk. British Journal of Psychology, 84, 207–219.
  • World Health Organization (2018). Global status report on road safety 2018. https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2018/en/ “Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (2018). Yol güvenliği küresel durum raporu 2018”.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Pınar Bıçaksız 0000-0002-8376-6145

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ekim 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Bıçaksız, P. (2019). Karanlık Üçlü Kişilik Özellikleri ve Sürücü Davranışları Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi. Trafik Ve Ulaşım Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 66-77.