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From Indoctrination to the Development of Rational Understanding: The Philosophical Background of the “Learning About Religion” Approach

Sayı: 21 26 Haziran 2026
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From Indoctrination to the Development of Rational Understanding: The Philosophical Background of the “Learning About Religion” Approach

Öz

This article investigates Paul Heywood Hirst’s conception of education and his learning about religion approach, which he developed from this conception, in order to determine the pedagogical status of religious education practices, particularly in state schools in secular societies. Through philosophical analysis and a literature-based chronological review, this study examines Hirst’s works and analyzes the reflections of his learning about religion approach in the literature. Hirst’s philosophical analyses of the nature of education draw a sharp distinction between primitive and sophisticated forms of education, thereby providing a philosophical foundation for the validity and legitimacy of religious education in state schools. Based on chronological evidence, the study shows that the philosophical foundations of the learning about religion approach, frequently attributed to Michael Grimmitt in both national and international literature, originate in the works of Paul H. Hirst. Hirst contends that religious education should be restructured to reflect an advanced, philosophical conception of education that supports learners’ rational autonomy, promotes their critical thinking, and treats religious truth claims as elements of public meaning rather than as established facts. In this context, the article analyzes the boundaries between religious education and concepts such as indoctrination, catechesis, and religious commitment, using Hirst’s criteria of justifiability, rationality, and objectivity, as well as his account of the nature of education. In conclusion, it is argued that Hirst’s learning about religion approach redefines religious education by detaching it from a framework aimed at fostering belief and religious commitment and instead conferring upon it a pedagogical status oriented towards the development of understanding.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Religious Education, Paul Heywood Hirst, Learning About Religion, Learning Religion, Analytic Philosophy of Education, Indoctrination

Destekleyen Kurum

No external funding was used to support this research.

Etik Beyan

1. This article is derived from the author’s doctoral dissertation entitled Paul H. Hirst’s Views on Religious and Moral Education, completed in 2025 at the Graduate School of Social Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Yusuf Ceylan.

Teşekkür

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Prof. Dr. Yusuf Ceylan, who never left me alone throughout my doctoral dissertation process and whose valuable knowledge, insights, and suggestions laid the groundwork for the development of this article.

Kaynakça

  1. Bahçekapılı, M. (2011). Din eğitiminde pedagojik yaklaşımlar: “Din hakkında öğrenme” ve “dinden öğrenme”. Journal of Islamic Research, 101-120.
  2. Barrow, R., & Woods, R. (2006). An introduction to philosophy of education (4th ed.). Routledge.
  3. Baumfield, V. (2009). Learning about and learning from religious education. British Journal of Religious Education, 31(1), 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1080/01416200802560294
  4. Bertram-Troost, G. D., De Roos, S. A., & Miedema, S. (2009). The relationship between religious education and religious commitments and explorations of adolescents: On religious identity development in Dutch Christian secondary schools. Journal of Beliefs and Values, 30(1), 17-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/13617670902784519
  5. Bryce, M. C. (1990). Catechesis. In I. V. Cully & K. B. Cully (Eds.), Harper’s encyclopedia of religious education (pp. 98-100). Harper & Row.
  6. Ceylan, Y. (2018). Din eğitimine pragmatist bir yaklaşım. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 47, 139- 159. https://doi.org/10.21054/deuifd.450955
  7. Ceylan, Y. (2020). Eğitimin istismarı: Aşılama. Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 20(Özel Sayı), 233-241.
  8. Ceylan, Y. (2021). Örgün din eğitiminin felsefi temeline dair kavramsal tartışmalar. In M. Bahçekapılı & A. A. Çanakcı (Eds.), Din eğitiminde ana konular (pp. 37-56). Eski Yeni Yayınları.
  9. Cooling, T. (2020). Worldview in religious education: Autobiographical reflections on the Commission on Religious Education in England final report. British Journal of Religious Education, 42(4), 403–414. https://doi.org/10.1080/01416200.2020.1764497
  10. Cox, E. (1983). Understanding religion and religious understanding. British Journal of Religious Education, 6(1), 3-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/0141620830060102

Kaynak Göster

APA
Uluağaç, Y. (2026). From Indoctrination to the Development of Rational Understanding: The Philosophical Background of the “Learning About Religion” Approach. Türkiye Din Eğitimi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 21, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.53112/tudear.1880217
AMA
1.Uluağaç Y. From Indoctrination to the Development of Rational Understanding: The Philosophical Background of the “Learning About Religion” Approach. TUDEAR. 2026;(21):1-24. doi:10.53112/tudear.1880217
Chicago
Uluağaç, Yetgin. 2026. “From Indoctrination to the Development of Rational Understanding: The Philosophical Background of the ‘Learning About Religion’ Approach”. Türkiye Din Eğitimi Araştırmaları Dergisi, sy 21: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.53112/tudear.1880217.
EndNote
Uluağaç Y (01 Haziran 2026) From Indoctrination to the Development of Rational Understanding: The Philosophical Background of the “Learning About Religion” Approach. Türkiye Din Eğitimi Araştırmaları Dergisi 21 1–24.
IEEE
[1]Y. Uluağaç, “From Indoctrination to the Development of Rational Understanding: The Philosophical Background of the ‘Learning About Religion’ Approach”, TUDEAR, sy 21, ss. 1–24, Haz. 2026, doi: 10.53112/tudear.1880217.
ISNAD
Uluağaç, Yetgin. “From Indoctrination to the Development of Rational Understanding: The Philosophical Background of the ‘Learning About Religion’ Approach”. Türkiye Din Eğitimi Araştırmaları Dergisi. 21 (01 Haziran 2026): 1-24. https://doi.org/10.53112/tudear.1880217.
JAMA
1.Uluağaç Y. From Indoctrination to the Development of Rational Understanding: The Philosophical Background of the “Learning About Religion” Approach. TUDEAR. 2026;:1–24.
MLA
Uluağaç, Yetgin. “From Indoctrination to the Development of Rational Understanding: The Philosophical Background of the ‘Learning About Religion’ Approach”. Türkiye Din Eğitimi Araştırmaları Dergisi, sy 21, Haziran 2026, ss. 1-24, doi:10.53112/tudear.1880217.
Vancouver
1.Yetgin Uluağaç. From Indoctrination to the Development of Rational Understanding: The Philosophical Background of the “Learning About Religion” Approach. TUDEAR. 01 Haziran 2026;(21):1-24. doi:10.53112/tudear.1880217