Leptin, Mikrobiyota ve Obezite İlişkisi

Yıl 2022, , 77 - 84, 30.04.2022

Tuğçe Şahin , Duygu Tozcu

https://doi.org/10.25048/tudod.1005455

Öz

Obezite vücut yağ dengesinin bozulması ile karakterize olan küresel bir sağlık sorunudur. Bu sorunla mücadelede yeni bakış açıları
kazanabilmek için obezite gelişimi ve ilerlemesi ile ilgili biyokimyasal, fizyolojik vb. süreçleri anlamaya yönelik çeşitli araştırmalar
yapılmaktadır. Tokluk hormonu olarak adlandırılan leptin, iştah metabolizmasından bağışıklık sistemine birçok yaşamsal faaliyette
görevli olmakla beraber enerji homeostazında da etkilidir. Vücut ağırlığının düzenlenmesinde büyük rol oynayan leptin hormonunun
sinyalizasyonundaki ya da bileşenlerindeki genetik bozukluklar leptin direncine dolayısıyla da obeziteye neden olabilmektedir. Bunun
yanı sıra bağırsak mikrobiyotasının da obezite, insülin direnci, gibi pek çok metabolik bozukluğunda patogenezinde olası katkıları
araştırılmaktadır. Bağırsak mikrobiyotası; besin sindirimi ve emilimi, çeşitli iştah hormonları veya peptitlerinin salgılanmasının
düzenlenmesi gibi birçok metabolik olaydan sorumludur ve mikrobiyotadaki bozukluklar da obezite için risk faktörüdür. Ayrıca bağırsak
mikrobiyotasının leptin ile bağlantılı olduğu bunun da obezite üzerinde etkili olabileceği yapılan çalışmalarla desteklenmektedir. Bu
derleme obezitenin etiyolojisinde mikrobiyota ve leptin hormonunun rolüne dikkat çekebilmek amacıyla araştırılan güncel bilgiler
doğrultusunda hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma hakemli dergilerde yayınlanan ve PubMed, Web of Science ve Google Scholar’da taranan
yayınlardan derlenmiştir. Bu amaçla leptin, bağırsak mikrobiyotası, obezite, leptin direnci anahtar kelimeleri birlikte kullanılmış ve bu
çalışmada araştırma makalelerine yer verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Leptin, bağırsak mikrobiyotası, obezite, leptin direnci, mikroorganizma

The Relationship of Leptin, Microbiota and Obesity

Öz

Obesity is a global health problem characterized by the deterioration of body fat balance. In order to gain new perspectives in the
contend with this problem, various researches are carried out to understand the biochemical, physiological, etc. processes related
to the development and progression of obesity. Leptin, called the satiety hormone, is involved in many vital activities from appetite
metabolism to the immune system and is also effective in energy homeostasis. Genetic defects in the signaling or components of the
leptin hormone, which plays a major role in the regulation of body weight, may cause leptin resistance and thus obesity. In addition,
possible contributions of intestinal microbiota to the pathogenesis of many metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance are
being investigated. Intestinal microbiota; it is responsible for many metabolic events such as food digestion and absorption, regulation of
secretion of various appetite hormones or peptides, and disorders in the microbiota are also risk factors for obesity. It is also supported
by studies that the intestinal microbiota is associated with leptin, which may have an effect on obesity. This review has been prepared in
line with current information researched in order to draw attention to the microbiota and the role of leptin hormone in the etiology of
obesity. The research was compiled from publications published in peer-reviewed journals and scanned in PubMed, Web of Science, and
Google Scholar. For this purpose, the keywords leptin, intestinal microbiota, obesity, leptin resistance were used together and research
articles were included in this study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Leptin, Intestinal microbiota, Obesity, Leptin resistance, Microorganism

Kaynakça

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