Tip 2 Diyabeti Olan Yaşlı Bireylerde Yaşam Kalitesi ve Etkileyen Faktörler

Yıl 2022, , 104 - 112, 31.08.2022

Nurcan Akgül Gündoğdu , Alime Selçuk Tosun , Şeyma Balcı

https://doi.org/10.25048/tudod.1129549

Cited By: 2

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma tip 2 diyabeti olan yaşlı bireylerin yaşam kalitesi ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyini belirlemek ve bireylerin yaşam kalitesini
etkileyen faktörleri incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, tanımlayıcı ilişkisel tiptedir. Araştırma Konya’da bir ilçe devlet hastanesinin dahiliye polikliniğine
başvuran yaşlı bireylerde yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örnek büyüklüğü toplam 228 bireyden oluşmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde Mann
Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, çoklu regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. p<0,05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi.
Bulgular: Araştırma verilerine göre katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 71,81±6,62, %62,7’si kadındır. Regresyon analizine göre yaş, kullanılan
ilaç sayısı, fiziksel aktivite toplam, kiminle yaşadığı, düzenli egzersiz yapma, hekim kontrolünün yaşam kalitesinin fiziksel sağlık
bileşenini yordadığı belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Etkili olan değişkenlerin yaşam kalitesinin fiziksel sağlık bileşeni üzerindeki değişimin
%70,4’ini açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Yaş, fiziksel aktivite toplam, kiminle yaşadığı, hekim kontrolünün yaşam kalitesinin mental sağlık
bileşeni üzerinde etkili olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05). Etkili olan değişkenlerin yaşam kalitesinin mental sağlık bileşeni üzerindeki
değişimin % 56,5’i açıkladığı saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, tip 2 diyabeti olan yaşlı bireylerin yaşam kalitesinin orta, fiziksel aktivitelerinin ise düşük düzeyde
olduğu saptanmıştır. Yaşlı bireyleri fiziksel aktiviteye teşvik edecek ve yaşam kalitelerini artıracak destek programlarının planlanması
önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tip 2 diabet, Yaşlı, Yaşam kalitesi, Fiziksel aktivite, Hemşirelik

Quality of Life and Factors Affecting it in Elderly Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes

Öz

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the quality of life and physical activity level of elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes and
to examine the factors affecting the quality of life of individuals.
Material and Methods: This research is a descriptive relational study. The study was conducted with elderly individuals admitted to the internal
medicine outpatient clinic of a district state hospital in Konya. The sample size of the study consisted of a total of 228 individuals. Mann
Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, multiple regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: According to the data of the study, mean age of the participants was 71.81±6.62. According to the linear regression analysis, it
was determined that age, number of drugs used, total physical activity, with whom he/she lives, doing regular exercise, and physician
check were effective on predicting the physical health component of quality of life (p<0.05). It was determined that the effective variables
explained 70.4% of the change on the physical health component of quality of life. Age, total physical activity, with whom he/she lives
and physician check were found to be effective on the mental health component of quality of life (p<0.05). It was determined that the
effective variables explained 56.5% of the change on the mental health component of quality of life.
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it was determined that elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes had a moderate quality
of life and a low level of physical activity. It may be recommended to plan support programs that will encourage elderly individuals to
engage in physical activity and increase their quality of life.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Type 2 diabetes, Elderly individual, Quality of life, Physical activity, Nursing

Kaynakça

• Kalra S, Sharma SK. Diabetes in the elderly. Diabetes Ther. 2018; 9(2):493-500.
• Veyhe AS, Andreassen J, Halling J, Grandjean P, Skaalum-Petersen M, Weihe P. Prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in two non-random populations aged 44-77 years in the Faroe Islands. J Clin Transl Endocrinol. 2020; Dec 17(23):100242 .
• International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Diabetes Atlas. 9th Edition, Brussels, Belgium. 2019, https://diabetesatlas.org/atlas/ninth-edition/
• Satman I, Ömer B, Tutuncu Y et al. Twelve-year in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol. 2013;28(2):169-180.
• Thiel DM, Al Sayah F, Vallance JK, Johnson ST, Johnson JA. Association between physical activity and health-related quality of life in adults with type 2 diabetes. Can J Diabetes. 2017;41(1):58-63.
• Trikkalinou A, Papazafiropoulou AK, Melidonis A. Type 2 diabetes and quality of life. World Journal of Diabetes. 2017;8(4):120-129.
• Al-Aboudi IS, Hassali MA, Shafie AA, Hassan A, Alrasheedy AA. A cross-sectional assessment of health-related quality of life among type 2 diabetes patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. SAGE Open Med.2015; 9(3):2050312115610129.
• John R, Pise S, Chaudhari L, Deshpande PR. Evaluation of Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using Quality of Life Instrument for Indian Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Midlife Health.2019;10(2):81-88.
• Kien NT, Phuong Hoa N, Minh Duc D, Wens J. Health-related quality of life and associated factors among patients with type II diabetes mellitus: A study in the family medicine center (FMC) of Agricultural General Hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam. Health Psychol Open. 2021;8(1):2055102921996172.
• Arifin B, Idrus LR, van Asselt A. et al. Health-related quality of life in Indonwesian type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatients measured with the Bahasa version of EQ-5D. Quality of Life Res. 2019;28(5):1179-1190.
• Pan CW, Sun HP, Zhou HJ, Ma Q, Xu Y, Luo N, Wang P. Valuing health-related quality of life in type 2 diabetes patients in China. Med. Decis Making. 2016;36(2):234–241.
• Reis A, Cunha MV, Bianchin MA, Freitas M, Castiglioni L. Comparison of quality of life and functionality in type 2 diabetics with and without insulin. Observational Study Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2019;65(12):1464-1469.
• Cai H, Li G, Zhang P, Xu D, Chen L. Effect of exercise on the quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Qual. Life Res. 2017;26(3):515-530.
• American Diabetes Association (ADA) Standarts of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(Supplement 1)1-211.
• Sampath Kumar A, Maiya AG, et al. Exercise and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann. of Phys Rehabil Med. 2019;62(2):98-103.
• Najafipour F, Mobasseri M, Yavari A, et al. Effect of regular exercise training on changes in HbA1c, BMI and VO2max among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: an 8-year trial. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2017;8:5(1)e000414.
• Ware JE, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med. Care. 1992;30(6):473-483.
• Koçyiğit H, Aydemir Ö, Fişek G, Ölmez N, Memiş A. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of short form-36 (SF-36). Drug Therapy. 1999;12:102-106.
• Washburn RA, McAuley E, Katula J, Mihalko SL, Boileau RA. The physical activity scale for the elderly (PASE): Evidence for validity. J Clin Epidemiol. 1999;52(7):643-651.
• Ayvat E, Kilinç M, Kirdi N. The Turkish version of the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE): its cultural adaptation, validation, and reliability. Turk J Med Sci. 2017;47(3):908-915.
• Saeedi P, Petersohn I, Salpea P, et al. Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019;157: 107843
• Kanaley JA, Colberg SR, Corcoran MH, et al. Exercise/Physical Activity in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Statement from the American College of Sports Medicine. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2022;54(2):353-368.
• Kuru Çolak T, Acar G, Dereli EE, et al. Association between the physical activity level and the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(1):142-147.
• Indelicato L, Dauriz M, Bacchi E, et al. Sex differences in the association of psychological status with measures of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in adults with type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol. 2018;55(6):627-635.
• Nguyen HTT, Moir MP, Nguyen TX, Vu AP, Luong LH, Nguyen TN, Nguyen LH, Tran BX, Tran TT, Latkin CA, Zhang MW, Ho RC, Vu HTT. Health-related quality of life in elderly diabetic outpatients in Vietnam. Patient Prefer Adherence 2018;12:1347-1354.
• O’Toole SM, Walker RJ, Garacci E. et al. Explanatory role of sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral, and social factors on cognitive decline in older adults with diabetes. BMC Geriatr 2022;22:39
• Stojanović M, Cvetanović G, Anđelković Apostolović M, Stojanović D, Rančić N. Impact of socio-demographic characteristics and long-term complications on quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2018;26(2):104-110. doi:10.21101/cejph.a5022
• Gálvez Galán I, Cáceres León MC, Guerrero-Martín J, López Jurado CF, Durán-Gómez N. Health-related quality of life in diabetes mellitus patients in primary health care. Enferm Clin (Engl Ed). 2021 Sep-Oct;31(5):313-322. doi: 10.1016/j.enfcle.2021.03.003.
• Jing X, Chen J, Dong Y. et al. Related factors of quality of life of type 2 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2018;16:189.
• Al-Qerem W, Jarab AS, Badinjki M, Qarqaz R. Validating a tool to measure quality of life among type 2 diabetics and exploring variables associated with it. Diabetes Epidemiology and Management. 2022;5:100039.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-018-1021-9.
• Önmez A, Gamsızkan Z, Özdemir Ş, et al. The effect of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Turkey. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(6):1963-1966. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.10.007.