Obezite ile Depresyon ve Anksiyete Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişki: Kesitsel, Vaka Kontrol Çalışması

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, obez ve obez olmayan hastaların depresyon ve anksiyete düzeylerini belirleyerek obezite ile depresyon ve anksiyete arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma 01.02.2022-30.04.2022 tarihleri arasında Samsun Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi'nde gerçekleştirildi. Obezite merkezine kayıtlı tüm hastalardan dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 110 hasta ve kontrol grubu olarak aile hekimliği kliniğine başvuran obez olmayan 110 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Veriler, sosyodemografik özellikler, Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDÖ) ve Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ) kullanılarak oluşturulan anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya %65,5'i (n=144) kadın olmak üzere toplam 220 hasta dahil edildi. Depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri obezlerde obez olmayanlara göre daha yüksekti (sırasıyla p=0,020, p=0,040). Katılımcıların beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) grupları BDÖ ve BAÖ'ye göre karşılaştırıldığında, morbid obez grupta şiddetli depresyon semptomları ve şiddetli anksiyete semptomları daha yüksekti. Gruplar arasındaki fark hem BDÖ hem de BAÖ açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (sırasıyla; p=0,005, p=0,008). Orta ve şiddetli depresyon ve anksiyete semptomlarının varlığı, obezite gelişimi için bağımsız risk faktörleri olarak belirlendi (sırasıyla; OR=5,329, p=0,012; OR=3,452, p=0,023). Sonuç: Bu çalışma, obez bireylerde depresyon ve anksiyete belirtilerinin yaygınlığının yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. BKİ arttıkça depresyon ve anksiyete belirtilerinin şiddetinin arttığı görülmüştür

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obezite
• Depresyon
• Anksiyete
• Morbid obezite

The Relationship Between Obesity with Depression and Anxiety Levels: a Cross-Sectional, Case-Control Study

Öz

Aim: This study aims to investigate the relationship between obesity and depression and anxiety by determining the depression and anxiety levels of obese and non-obese patients. Material and Methods: This study was carried out between 01.02.2022 and 30.04.2022 at Samsun University Faculty of Medicine. Among all the patients registered in the obesity center, 110 patients who met the inclusion criteria and 110 non-obese patients who applied to the family medicine clinic as the control group were included in the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire formed using sociodemographic characteristics, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: The study encompassed of 220 patients, among whom 144 individuals (constituting 65.5% of the sample) were identified as female. Depression and anxiety levels were higher in obese subjects than in non-obese subjects (p=0.020, p=0.040, respectively). Once the body mass index (BMI) groups of the participants were compared according to BDI and BAI, severe depression symptoms and severe anxiety symptoms higher in the morbidly obese group. The difference between the groups according to both BDI and BAI was found to be statistically significant (respectively; p=0.005, p=0.008). The presence of moderate and severe depression and anxiety symptoms were determined as independent risk factors for the development of obesity (respectively; OR=5.329, 95% CI 2.98-13.41, p=0.012; OR=3.452, 95% CI 1.56-7.89, p=0.023). Conclusion: This study revealed that the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms was found to be high in obese individuals. It was observed that as BMI increased, the severity of depression and anxiety symptoms increased.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obesity
• Depression
• Anxiety
• Morbid obesity

Kaynakça

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