Diabetes Mellituslu Hastalarda Bilişsel Rezerv, Depresyon ve Anksiyetenin Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) hastalarında bilişsel rezervi kapsamlı bir şekilde araştıran bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı DM’li hastalarda bilişsel rezerv, depresyon ve anksiyetenin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Toplam 80 katılımcı (40 DM'li ve 40 sağlıklı kontrol) ile prospektif kesitsel bir çalışma yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin dahiliye polikliniğine DM tanısıyla başvuran hastalar dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların bilişsel rezervi Bilişsel Rezerv İndeksi Anketi (KRİ) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bireylerin depresyon ve anksiyeteleri sırasıyla Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE) ve Beck Anksiyete Envanteri (BAE) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Gruplar arasındaki fark bağımsız örneklem t-testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca, parametreler arasındaki ilişki için Pearson korelasyon katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: DM'li bireylerin KRİ-toplam (p=0,009) ve KRİ-eğitim (p=0,011) skorları anlamlı derecede düşüktü. Ayrıca, BDE (p=0,001) ve BAE (p=0,019) puanları DM'li bireylerde daha yüksekti. Korelasyon analizleri DM'li bireylerde BDI ile KRİ-toplam (r=-0,373, p=0,001), KRİ-eğitim (r=-0,294, p=0,008) ve KRİ-iş (r=-0,386, p=0,001) puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı negatif düşük düzeyli korelasyon olduğunu göstermiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, DM'li hastalarda bilişsel rezervin (özellikle eğitimle ilgili bileşen) daha düşük olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, DM'li bireylerde depresyon ve anksiyete sağlıklı kontrollere göre daha yüksekti. Depresyon, DM'li katılımcılarda bilişsel rezerv (boş zaman hariç) ile ilişkiliydi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anksiyete ve Depresyon
• Biliş
• Psikolojik Durum
• Tip 2 Diyabet

Comparison of Cognitive Reserve, Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Öz

Aim: Few studies have comprehensively examined the cognitive reserve in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study was to compare cognitive reserve, depression, and anxiety in patients with DM.. Material and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 80 participants (40 with DM and 40 with healthy controls). Patients with DM diagnosed at a hospital's internal medicine outpatient clinic were included. Patients’ cognitive reserve was evaluated with Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire (CRI). Depression and anxiety of the individuals were assessed with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), respectively. The difference between the groups was analyzed by independent sample t-test. In addition, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between the parameters. Results: Individuals with DM had significantly lower CRI-total (p=0.009) and CRI-education (p=0.011) scores. In addition, BDI (p=0.001) and BAI (p=0.019) scores were higher in individuals with DM. Correlational analyses showed a statistically significant weak negative correlation between BDI and CRI-total (r=-0.373, p=0.001), CRI-education (r=-0.294, p=0.008) and CRI-work (r=-0.386, p=0.001) scores in individuals with DM. Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed a lower cognitive reserve (particularly education-related component) in patients with DM. Besides, depression and anxiety were higher in individuals with DM than in healthy controls. In participants with DM, depression was associated with cognitive reserve (except leisure time).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anxiety and Depression
• Cognition
• Psychological Status
• Type 2 Diabetes

Kaynakça

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