The Effect of Novel Antihyperglycemic Treatments on Sarcopenia in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Öz

Aim: Previous studies indicate a possible association between weight losing interventions and reduced muscle function. There is scarce research on how novel glucose-lowering agents effect sarcopenia parameters. The present study aims to investigate the longitudinal relationship between current antihyperglycemic treatments and sarcopenia. Material and Methods: Type 2 diabetic patients aged 18 and above were enrolled in this longitudinal observational study. Patient characteristics, list of medications, hours of physical activity per week, laboratory values, anthropometric measurements, handgrip strength and body composition analyzed with bioelectrical impedance analysis were recorded at the initial presentation and at 6 months. Results: A total of 109 women (76%) and 34 men (24%) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) were included. The mean age of study participants was 53.4±10.4 years, and the mean duration of DM was 10.2±8 years. At 6 months, weight, total fat mass, visceral fat mass, waist circumference, HbA1c, fasting glucose, serum insulin, LDL (low density lipoprotein) and vitamin B12 levels were significantly lower while muscle strength was significantly higher (p=0.012). There was a significant inverse association between age and muscle strength both initially and at 6 months (p=0.001 and 0.001 for women; p=0.005 and 0.001 for men, respectively). Duration of DM was inversely associated with muscle strength only for women (p=0.02 at initial presentation and p=0.001 at month 6). Frequency of probable sarcopenia was reduced at month 6 for both genders (p=0.029 for women and 0.5 for men). Conclusion: Glycemic control has a favorable effect on muscle function despite weight loss. Effective management of DM with novel antihyperglycemic agents may help prevent sarcopenia

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antidiabetics
• Diabetes mellitus
• GLP-1 Receptor agonists
• Muscle strength
• Sarcopenia
• SGLT-2 inhibitors

Yeni Antihiperglisemik Tedavilerin Tip 2 Diyabetik Hastalarda Sarkopeni Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Sarkopeni parametrelerinin glisemik kontrol ile ilişkisini inceleyen çok az sayıda araştırma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, yeni diyabet tedavileri ile sarkopeni arasındaki uzunlamasına ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tip 2 diyabetik 18 yaş ve üzeri hastalar bu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, kullandıkları ilaçlar, haftalık fiziksel aktivite saati, laboratuvar değerleri, antropometrik ölçümleri, el kavrama kuvveti ve biyoelektrik empedans analizi ile analiz edilen vücut kompozisyonu başvuruda ve altıncı ayda kaydedildi. Bulgular: Tip 2 diabetes mellitus tanılı toplam 109 kadın (%76) ve 34 erkek (%24) dahil edildi. Çalışmaya katılanların ortalama yaşı 53,4±10,4 yıl ve ortalama diyabet süresi 10,2±8 yıldı. 6. ayda, kilo, toplam yağ kütlesi, viseral yağ kütlesi, bel çevresi, HbA1c, açlık glikozu, serum insülin, LDL (düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein) ve B12 vitamini düzeyleri azalırken kas gücü anlamlı düzeyde arttı (p=0,012). Yaş ve kas gücü arasında hem başlangıçta hem de 6. ayda önemli bir ters ilişki vardı (kadınlar için p=0,001 ve 0,001; erkekler için sırasıyla p=0,005 ve 0,001). Diyabet süresi yalnızca kadınlarda kas gücüyle ters ilişkiliydi (ilk başvuruda p=0,02 ve 6. ayda p=0,001). Olası sarkopeni sıklığı her iki cinsiyet için de 6. ayda azaldı (kadınlar için p=0,029 ve erkekler için 0,5). Sonuç: Glisemik kontrolün kas fonksiyonu üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi vardır. Kilo verdirici özelliği olan yeni antidiyabetik tedaviler sarkopeniyi önlemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antidiyabetikler
• Diabetes mellitus
• GLP-1 Reseptör agonistleri
• Kas kuvveti
• Sarkopeni
• SGLT-2 inhibitörleri

Kaynakça

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