Araştırma Makalesi

Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Preconception Care Among Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Optimizing Maternal and Fetal Health Outcomes

Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2 31 Ağustos 2025
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Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Preconception Care Among Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Optimizing Maternal and Fetal Health Outcomes

Öz

Aim: Diabetes mellitus raises risks for the mother, fetus, and infant. Preconception care plays a vital role in reducing the likelihood of miscarriage, congenital anomalies, and perinatal mortality. A higher level of knowledge before pregnancy is associated with better glycemic control and reduced diabetes-related risks. This study aimed to assess the pre-pregnancy knowledge of women of reproductive age with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to inform strategies for improved pregnancy planning and care in this high-risk group. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional, single-center study included women with T1DM aged 18–45 years attending an endocrinology outpatient clinic. Participants completed a structured questionnaire designed to evaluate their knowledge of preconception care. Results: A total of 117 women with T1DM participated in the study. The mean knowledge score was 58.6%. Participants who had received preconception care education scored significantly higher than those who had not (69.98% vs. 47.13%, p<0.001). Similarly, women with previous pregnancy experience had higher scores compared to those without (65.19% vs. 50.19%, p<0.001). Positive correlations were observed between knowledge scores and age (r = 0.29, p< 0.001), diabetes duration (r = 0.28, p< 0.001), marital status (r = 0.46, p< 0.001), pregnancy history (r = 0.37, p< 0.001), and prior education on the topic (r = 0.57, p< 0.001). No significant correlation was found between education level and knowledge scores (p = 0.71). Conclusion: This study revealed a moderate average knowledge level regarding preconception care among women with T1DM. Prior pregnancy experience and receiving preconception care education were significantly associated with higher knowledge scores, while general educational attainment showed no correlation. These findings emphasize the importance of targeted, diabetes-specific educational interventions rather than relying solely on general education. Integrating structured preconception counseling into routine diabetes care may help bridge knowledge gaps and improve pregnancy outcomes in this high-risk population.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

None.

Etik Beyan

Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Scientific Research Evaluation and Ethics Committee of Ankara Etlik City Hospital, with the decision number AEŞH-BADEK-2024-751, dated 11/09/2024. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were by the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Kaynakça

  1. 1. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. International Diabetes Federation, 2021.
  2. 2. Holmes VA, Young IS, Patterson CC, et al.; Diabetes and Pre-eclampsia Intervention Trial Study Group. Optimal glycemic control, pre-eclampsia, and gestational hypertension in women with type 1 diabetes in the diabetes and pre-eclampsia intervention trial. Diabetes Care 2011;34:1683–1688
  3. 3. Guerin A, Nisenbaum R, Ray JG. Use of maternal GHb concentration to estimate the risk of congenital anomalies in the offspring of women with prepregnancy diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(7):1920-5. doi: 10.2337/dc07-0278. Epub 2007 Apr 19. PMID: 17446531.
  4. 4. Jensen DM, Korsholm L, Ovesen P, Beck-Nielsen H, Moelsted- Pedersen L, Westergaard JG, Moeller M, Damm P. Peri-conceptional A1C and risk of serious adverse pregnancy outcome in 933 women with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(6):1046-8. doi: 10.2337/dc08-2061. Epub 2009 Mar 5. PMID: 19265024; PMCID: PMC2681038.
  5. 5. Ludvigsson JF, Neovius M, Söderling J, Gudbjörnsdottir S, Svensson AM, Franzén S, Stephansson O, Pasternak B. Maternal Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes and the Risk for Preterm Birth: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med. 2019;170(10):691-701. doi: 10.7326/M18-1974. Epub 2019 Apr 23. PMID: 31009941.
  6. 6. Çelik S, Taşkın Yılmaz F, Anataca G, Bülbül E. Tip 2 Diyabetli Kadınların Kontrasepsiyon Kullanım Davranışları: Bir Kamu Hastanesi Örneği. Turk J Diab Obes. 2021;5(2):165-172. doi:10.25048/tudod.889587
  7. 7. Willhoite MB, Bennert HW Jr, Palomaki GE, Zaremba MM, Herman WH, Williams JR, Spear NH. The impact of preconception counseling on pregnancy outcomes. The experience of the Maine Diabetes in Pregnancy Program. Diabetes Care. 1993;16(2):450-5. doi: 10.2337/diacare.16.2.450. PMID: 8432216.
  8. 8. Pearson DW, Kernaghan D, Lee R, Penney GC; Scottish Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group. The relationship between pre-pregnancy care and early pregnancy loss, major congenital anomaly or perinatal death in type I diabetes mellitus. BJOG. 2007;114(1):104-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.01145.x. PMID: 17233865.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Endokrinoloji

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Ağustos 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

17 Mayıs 2025

Kabul Tarihi

19 Ağustos 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Cavnar Helvacı, B., Candemir, B., Cinel, M., Hepşen, S., Canlar, Ş., Dağdeviren, M., & Çakal, E. (2025). Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Preconception Care Among Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Optimizing Maternal and Fetal Health Outcomes. Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity, 9(2), 204-211. https://doi.org/10.25048/tudod.1701369
AMA
1.Cavnar Helvacı B, Candemir B, Cinel M, vd. Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Preconception Care Among Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Optimizing Maternal and Fetal Health Outcomes. Turk J Diab Obes. 2025;9(2):204-211. doi:10.25048/tudod.1701369
Chicago
Cavnar Helvacı, Burçak, Burcu Candemir, Murat Cinel, vd. 2025. “Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Preconception Care Among Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Optimizing Maternal and Fetal Health Outcomes”. Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity 9 (2): 204-11. https://doi.org/10.25048/tudod.1701369.
EndNote
Cavnar Helvacı B, Candemir B, Cinel M, Hepşen S, Canlar Ş, Dağdeviren M, Çakal E (01 Ağustos 2025) Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Preconception Care Among Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Optimizing Maternal and Fetal Health Outcomes. Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity 9 2 204–211.
IEEE
[1]B. Cavnar Helvacı vd., “Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Preconception Care Among Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Optimizing Maternal and Fetal Health Outcomes”, Turk J Diab Obes, c. 9, sy 2, ss. 204–211, Ağu. 2025, doi: 10.25048/tudod.1701369.
ISNAD
Cavnar Helvacı, Burçak - Candemir, Burcu - Cinel, Murat - Hepşen, Sema - Canlar, Şule - Dağdeviren, Murat - Çakal, Erman. “Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Preconception Care Among Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Optimizing Maternal and Fetal Health Outcomes”. Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity 9/2 (01 Ağustos 2025): 204-211. https://doi.org/10.25048/tudod.1701369.
JAMA
1.Cavnar Helvacı B, Candemir B, Cinel M, Hepşen S, Canlar Ş, Dağdeviren M, Çakal E. Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Preconception Care Among Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Optimizing Maternal and Fetal Health Outcomes. Turk J Diab Obes. 2025;9:204–211.
MLA
Cavnar Helvacı, Burçak, vd. “Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Preconception Care Among Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Optimizing Maternal and Fetal Health Outcomes”. Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity, c. 9, sy 2, Ağustos 2025, ss. 204-11, doi:10.25048/tudod.1701369.
Vancouver
1.Burçak Cavnar Helvacı, Burcu Candemir, Murat Cinel, Sema Hepşen, Şule Canlar, Murat Dağdeviren, Erman Çakal. Assessing Knowledge and Awareness of Preconception Care Among Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Optimizing Maternal and Fetal Health Outcomes. Turk J Diab Obes. 01 Ağustos 2025;9(2):204-11. doi:10.25048/tudod.1701369

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