Mikro Besinlerin İştah Metabolizması Üzerindeki Etkileri

Öz

İştah metabolizması, merkezi ve periferik sistemler aracılığıyla düzenlenen karmaşık fizyolojik süreçleri içermektedir. Mikro besinler bu süreçlerde doğrudan veya dolaylı rol alarak iştah metabolizmasını etkileyebilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, mikro besinlerin iştah metabolizması üzerindeki etkilerini ve bu konuda yapılan bilimsel araştırmaları değerlendirmektir. A vitamini, çinko, demir, folik asit, kalsiyum, B12 ve D vitamini gibi mikro besinlerin iştah metabolizmasına doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak etkisi olan klinik ve deneysel araştırmalar derlenmiştir. Mikro besinler, iştah metabolizması üzerinde hem oreksijenik hem anoreksijenik etki gösterebilmektedir. Demir, çinko, folik asit ve B12 vitamini eksikliklerinin iştah azalmasına yol açabileceği rapor edilmiştir.A vitamini ve çinko takviye kullanımı nöropeptid Y ve AgRP gibi oreksijenik yolaklar üzerinden iştahı artırabilirken, çinkonun ghrelin ile ilişkisi türe bağlı farklılık göstermektedir; kemirgen modellerinde uyarıcı, kanatlı modellerinde ise baskılayıcı bir etki gözlenmektedir. D vitamini ise iştah üzerinde karmaşık ve çift yönlü bir etkiye sahiptir: leptin ve peptit YY gibi anoreksijenik yolaklar üzerinden etki gösterebildiği gibi, D vitamini eksikliğinin iştah artışıyla ilişkilendirildiği ve bazı çalışmalarda D vitamininin hem leptin hem ghrelin sentezini eş zamanlı artırdığı da bildirilmiştir. Mikro besinlerin iştah metabolizması üzerindeki etkileri kompleks ve çok yönlüdür. Bu etkiler merkezi sinir sistemi, hormonal sinyaller, vagal yolaklar ve mikrobiyota üzerinden gerçekleşmektedir. Özellikle insan çalışmalarındaki verilerin yetersiz ve sınırlı olması bu alanda daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anoreksijenik sinyaller
• İştah düzenlenmesi
• Mikro besinler
• Oreksijenik sinyaller

Destekleyen Kurum

Yoktur.

Etik Beyan

Yoktur.

Teşekkür

Yoktur.

Effects of Micronutrients on Appetite Regulation

Öz

Appetite metabolism involves complex physiological processes regulated through central and peripheral systems. Micronutrients may affect appetite metabolism by taking direct or indirect roles in these processes. The aim of this review is to evaluate the effects of micronutrients on appetite metabolism and the scientific research on this subject. Clinical and experimental studies on the direct or indirect effects of micronutrients such as vitamin A, zinc, iron, folic acid, calcium, B12, and vitamin D on appetite metabolism are reviewed. Micronutrients can exert both orexigenic and anorexigenic effects on appetite metabolism. It has been reported that iron, zinc, folic acid, and vitamin B12 deficiencies may lead to decreased appetite. In contrast, vitamin A and zinc supplementation may increase appetite through orexigenic pathways such as neuropeptide Y and AgRP, although zinc's relationship with ghrelin appears species-dependent, showing a stimulatory effect in rodent models but a suppressive effect in avian models. Vitamin D exerts a complex, bidirectional effect on appetite: while it can act through anorexigenic pathways involving leptin and peptide YY, vitamin D deficiency has also been associated with increased appetite, and some studies report that vitamin D increases both leptin and ghrelin synthesis simultaneously. The effects of micronutrients on appetite metabolism are complex and multifaceted. These effects are mediated through the central nervous system, hormonal signals, vagal pathways and microbiota. Inadequate and limited data, especially in human clinical studies, reveals the need for further studies in this field

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anorexigenic signaling
• Appetite regulation
• Micronutrients
• Orexigenic signaling

Destekleyen Kurum

None

Etik Beyan

None

Teşekkür

None

Kaynakça

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