Sirtuin 1 ve Sirtuin 2’nin Tip 2 Diyabet ile İlişkisi

Öz

Diabetes mellitus, bütün dünyada ve bütün yaş gruplarında en sık görülen endokrin hastalıktır. Tip 2 diabet; diabet vakalarının yaklaşık %80-90’nı oluşturan ve tipik olarak ileri yaşlarda ortaya çıkan bir hastalıktır. Tip 2 diabet patogenezi oldukça karmaşıktır ve birçok yönden halen tartışma konusudur. Kalıtım poligeniktir ve çevresel faktörlerle güçlü bir ilişkisi mevcuttur. Bozulmuş insulin sekresyonu ve bozulmuş insulin sensitivitesi söz konusudur. Sirtuin ailesi (SIRT) NAD+ bağımlı deasetilazlar olup memelilerde, maya ve yüksek organizmalarda histon deasitalasyonu ve DNA stabilizasyonunu sağlar. Yapılan çalışmalarda onkogenez, uzun ömür, metabolik regülasyon ve nörodejeneratif hastalıklar ile ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir. Hücre döngüsünün düzenlenmesi, apoptoz, mitokondriyal biyogenez, lipid metabolizması, yağ asidi oksidasyonu, hücresel stres yanıtı, insülin salgılanması, yaşlanma ve inflamasyon gibi pek çok fizyolojik süreçte rol oynayan sirtuinlerin son yıllarda diyabet patogenezinde de oldukça önemli rolü olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sirtuin
• SIRT1
• SIRT2
• Tip 2 Diabet

Relationship Between Sirtuin 1 and Sirtuin 2 with Type 2 Diabetes

Öz

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease in the world and in all age groups. Type 2 diabetes is a disease that constitutes approximately 80-90% of diabetes cases and typically occurs in advanced ages. The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is quite complex and is still a matter of debate in many aspects. Heredity is polygenic and has a strong relationship with environmental factors. There is impaired insulin secretion and impaired insulin sensitivity. The Sirtuin family (SIRT) members are NAD+ dependent deacetylases that provide histone deacetylation and DNA stabilization in mammals, yeast and higher organisms. Studies have shown that it is associated with oncogenesis, longevity, metabolic regulation and neurodegenerative diseases. Sirtuins, which play a role in many physiological processes such as cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, mitochondrial biogenesis, lipid metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, cellular stress response, insulin secretion, aging, and inflammation, have been found to have a significant role in diabetes pathogenesis in recent years.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sirtuin
• SIRT1
• SIRT2
• Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

Kaynakça

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