Given According to Knowledge, Motivation and Behavioral Skills (IMB Model) The Effect of Diabetes Education on Self-Care

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 241 - 251, 29.12.2022

Bahar İnkaya , Tuba Yılmazer , Hilal Tüzer , Elif Yeter Erbil

https://doi.org/10.25048/tudod.1149785

Öz

Aim: It has been determined that the education given according to the information, motivation, and behaviour model is effective in AIDS, chronic diseases, glucose control in diabetes, and self-care behaviours such as diet and exercise. The aim of this study, which is planned from this point of view, is to evaluate the effect of education given according to the information, motivation, and behaviour model on diabetic self-care management.
Material and Methods: This study was conducted as an experimental study with a nonrandomized control group that included 90 diabetes mellitus individuals, with 45 in the intervention group and 45 in the control group. The control group were given formal diabetes mellitus education. In contrast, the intervention group received an education based on the information, motivation, and behaviour model and diabetes mellitus cases were followed for six months. Data were collected with a questionnaire on the essential characteristics of the patients, an evaluation form on the level of knowledge about diabetes, an evaluation form on their motivation about diabetes, and a diabetes self-care activities questionnaire. An Independent Sample-t test was used to analyze the data, and Paired Sample-test statistics were used to compare two dependent groups. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the measurement values of two independent groups that did not have a normal distribution. Wilcoxon test statistics were used to compare two dependent groups.
Results: At the end of the study, it was determined that while HbA1c in the intervention group decreased for 6 months, knowledge scores, motivation levels and self-care skill scores increased (t=7.067, p<0.001; Z=-7.576, p<0.001; Z=-8.248, p<0.001; Z=-7.807, p<0.001; Z= -5.651, p<0.001; Z= -4.402, p<0.001; Z=- 6.818, p<0.001). Statistically significant differences were found between the 1st and 6th-month scores. It was determined that HbA1C control variables increased, knowledge score averages increased, motivation levels decreased, and self-care skill averages (except foot care) did not show a statistically significant difference within 6 months in the control group.
Conclusion: Education based on the information, motivation, and behaviour model improved the information, motivation and behaviour skills of diabetes mellitus patients, and additionally HbA1c outcomes, and was determined to contribute to disease management and self-care positively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diabetes mellitus, Self-care, Nursing

Bilgi, Motivasyon ve Davranış Becerilerine (İMB Modeli) Göre Verilen Diyabet Eğitiminin Özbakım Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bilgi, motivasyon ve davranış modeline göre verilen eğitimin AIDS, kronik hastalıklar, diyabette ise glikoz kontrolü başta olmak üzere diyet, egzersiz gibi özbakım davranışlarında etkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu noktadn hareketle planlanan bu çalışmanın amacı, bilgi, motivasyon ve davranış modeline göre verilen eğitimin diyabetik öz bakım yönetimine etkisini değerlendirmektir
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, müdahale grubunda 45, kontrol grubunda 45 olmak üzere toplam 90 diyabetes mellituslu bireyden oluşan randomize olmayan kontrol grubu ile deneysel bir çalışma olarak yürütülmüştür. Kontrol grubuna standart diyabet eğitimi verilirken, müdahale grubuna bilgi, motivasyon ve davranış modeline modeline göre eğitim verildi ve diyabetik olgular altı ay boyunca takip edildi. Veriler hastalara ait tanıtıcı özelliklere ilişkin anket formu, diyabet ile ilgili bilgi düzeyine ilişkin değerlendirme formu, diyabet ile ilgili motivasyonlarını değerlendirme formu ve diyabet özbakım aktiviteleri anketi ile toplandı. Verilerin analizinde Independent Sample-t test, iki bağımlı grubun karşılaştırılmasında Paired Sample-t test istatistikleri kullanılmıştır. Normal dağılıma sahip olmayan iki bağımsız grubun ölçüm değerleriyle karşılaştırılmasında Mann-Whitney U test, iki bağımlı grubun karşılaştırılmasında Wilcoxon test istatistikleri kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırma sonunda, müdahale grubundaki metabolik kontrol değişkenleri 6 ay boyunca düşerken, bilgi puanları, motivasyon düzeyleri ve öz bakım beceri puanları arttğı saptandı. 1. ve 6. ay puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edildi (t=7.067,p<0.001; Z=-7.576, p<0.001; Z=-8.248, p<0.001; Z=-7.807, p<0.001; Z=- 5.651, p<0.001Z= -4.402, p<0.001; Z=- 6.818, p<0.001). Kontrol grubunda 6 ay içerisinde metabolik kontrol değişkenlerinin arttığı, bilgi puanı ortalamalarının arttığı, motivasyon düzeylerinin düştüğü ve öz bakım beceri puan ortalamalarının (ayak bakımı dışında) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermediği belirlendi.
Sonuç: Bilgi, motivasyon ve davranış modeline modeline dayalı olarak verilen eğitimin diyabetli hastaların bilgi, motivasyon ve davranış becerilerini ve ayrıca metabolik sonuçlarını iyileştirdiği, hastalık yönetimine ve öz bakıma olumlu katkı sağladığı belirlendi

Anahtar Kelimeler

diyabet, IMB model, hemşirelik, özbakım

Kaynakça

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