Investigation of The Effect of Smoking on Eating Behaviors and Body Mass Index in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 118 - 126, 30.08.2024

Eren Canbolat , Esma Asil

Öz

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of smoking on eating behaviors and body mass index in Turkey, which is one of the countries where smoking is common in the world and also has the highest number of obesity cases in Europe.
Material and Methods: This study was carried out with the participation of 336 adult individuals. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using the body weight and height declared by the participants, and the eating behaviors of the participants were determined by the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN) and their eating behavior was determined by the Dutch Eating Behavior Scale (DEBQ).
Results: It was determined that 33.3% of the individuals participating in the study used to smoke. It was concluded that smokers thought that they took less food with diet, they had fewer meals during the day, they consumed more tea/coffee, and their restrictive and emotional eating scores were lower (p<0.05). In addition, knowledge about nutrition, positive nutrition and total ASHN scores of smokers were found to be lower (p<0.05). Finally, it was observed that the BMI values of smokers were higher (p<0.05). IBM SPSS 24.0 statistical package program was used for statistical evaluation of the data. Independent Samples T, Chi-Square Independence Test and Partial Correlation Analysis were used to analyze the relationship between the study data. p<0.05 values were considered statistically significant.
Conclusions: The data obtained at the end of the study were found to be compatible with the data in the literature that its use reduces appetite and that individuals who smoke maintain an unhealthier diet. It was observed that the BMI values of smokers were higher. Future studies should evaluate the effects of smoking on nutrition and obesity more comprehensively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Smoking, Body weight, Eating behavior, Health, Obesity

Etik Beyan

Ethics Approval Ethics Committee Approval dated 27/12/2021 and decision number 21/228 was obtained from Ankara University Ethics Committee for the study.

Teşekkür

We thank the adults who participated in the study.

Yetişkinlerde Sigara İçmenin Yeme Davranışları ve Beden Kütle İndeksine Etkisinin Araştırılması: Kesitsel Bir Araştırma

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma dünyada sigara kullanımının yaygın olarak görüldüğü ülkelerden biri olup aynı zamanda Avrupa’da en çok obezite vakasının görüldüğü Türkiye’de sigara kullanımının yeme davranışlarına ve beden kütle indeksine etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Materyal ve Metod: Bu çalışma 336 yetişkin bireyin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcıların beyan ettiği vücut ağırlığı ve boy uzunluğu kullanılarak Beden Kütle İndeksi (BKİ) hesaplanmış, katılımcıların yeme davranışları Sağlıklı Beslenme Tutum Ölçeği (SBİTÖ) ile, yeme davranışları ise Hollanda Yeme Davranışı Ölçeği ile belirlenmiştir. (DEBQ). Verilerin istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmesinde IBM SPSS 24.0 istatistiksel paket programı kullanılmıştır. Independent Samples T, Ki-Kare Bağımsızlık Testi ve Kısmi Korelasyon Analizi ile çalışma verileri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. p<0,05 değerleri istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olarak kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin %33,3'ünün sigara kullandığı tespit edilmiştir. Sigara içenlerin diyetle daha az yiyecek aldıklarını, gün içinde daha az yemek yediklerini, daha çok çay/kahve tükettiklerini, kısıtlayıcı ve duygusal yeme puanlarının daha düşük olduğunu düşündükleri belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Ayrıca sigara içenlerin beslenme bilgisi, pozitif beslenme ve toplam ASHN skorlarının daha düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Son olarak sigara içenlerin BKİ değerlerinin daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Çalışma sonunda elde edilen veriler, kullanımının iştahı azalttığı ve sigara içen bireylerin sağlıksız beslenmeyi sürdürdüğü yönünde literatürdeki verilerle uyumlu bulunmuştur. Sigara içenlerin BKİ değerlerinin daha yüksek olduğu görüldü. Gelecek çalışmalarda sigaranın beslenme ve obezite üzerine etkileri daha kapsamlı değerlendirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sigara kullanımı, Vücut ağırlığı, Yeme davranışı, Sağlık, Obezite

Etik Beyan

Araştırma için Ankara Üniversitesi Etik Kurulu'ndan 27/12/2021 tarih ve 21/228 karar numaralı etik kurul onayı alınmıştır.

Teşekkür

Araştırmaya katılan bireylere teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

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