TİKA’nın Afrika’daki Balıkçılık Projelerinde Üretken Sosyal Politika ve İlişkisel Kamu Diplomasisi: Cibuti Örneği

Öz

Bu makale, Türk İşbirliği ve Koordinasyon Ajansı Başkanlığının (TİKA) 2020-2025 döneminde Afrika’da yürüttüğü balıkçılık projelerini üretken sosyal politika ve ilişkisel kamu diplomasisi kavramları üzerinden incelemektedir. Nitel vaka çalışması deseninde kurumsal belgeler doküman analiziyle, iki TİKA yöneticisi ve Cibuti’deki iki balıkçı örgütünün beş temsilcisiyle yapılan yazılı görüşmeler ise melez tematik analizle çözümlenmiştir. Sekiz ülkede belirlenen on iki proje ağırlıkla ekipman, soğuk zincir ve akuakültür altyapısı sağlamaktadır. Bu müdahaleler sosyal korumanın geliştirici işlevine, soğuk zincir yatırımları ise ek olarak önleyici işlevine karşılık gelmektedir. Projelerin ulusal sosyal koruma sistemleriyle bağının belgelerde görünmemesi ve eğitimin nadiren ayrı bir bileşen olarak planlanması etkiyi sınırlamaktadır. Yararlanıcı temsilcileri ihtiyaçların kendileriyle birlikte belirlendiğini aktarmış, eşitlik ve güven vurgusu taşıyan ifadeler kullanmıştır. Teslim sonrasındaki temas değerlendirilemediği için bu beyanlar ilişkisel boyuta dair erken ve kısmi göstergeler niteliğindedir. Temsilcilerin kurumu çoğunlukla Türkiye adıyla anması, çeviri ve gündelik dil etkileri de göz önünde tutulduğunda, güvenin ulusal düzeyde algılanmış olabileceğine dair sınırlı bir ipucu sunmaktadır. Bu ihtimal, Somali’de Aralık 2025’te imzalanan ve Türk balıkçılık sektörüne erişim sağlayan devlet düzeyindeki anlaşmayı ilişkinin olası bağlamına dâhil etmektedir. Bulgular, geçim ve ilişki düzeyindeki sonuçların aynı uygulama tercihlerinden birlikte etkilenebildiğini düşündürmektedir. Bakım kapasitesinin bütçelenmesi ve teslim sonrası izleme başlıca politika çıkarımları olarak öne çıkmaktadır.
 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• TİKA
• Küçük Ölçekli Balıkçılık
• Üretken Sosyal Politika
• İlişkisel Kamu Diplomasisi
• Cibuti

Productive Social Policy and Relational Public Diplomacy in TİKA’s Fisheries Projects in Africa: The Case of Djibouti

Öz

This article examines the fisheries projects implemented in Africa between 2020 and 2025 by the Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TİKA) through the concepts of productive social policy and relational public diplomacy. Using a qualitative case study design, it combines document analysis of institutional sources with a hybrid thematic analysis of written interviews conducted with two TİKA managers and five representatives of two fishers’ organizations in Djibouti. The twelve projects identified in eight countries mainly provide equipment, cold chain facilities and aquaculture infrastructure. These interventions correspond to the promotive function of social protection, while cold chain investments also serve a preventive function. Their effect is limited by the absence of documented links with national social protection systems and by the rarity of training as a separate component. Beneficiary representatives reported that needs were identified jointly and used expressions of equality and trust. Since contact after delivery could not be assessed, these statements offer early and partial indications of the relational dimension. Representatives mostly referred to Türkiye rather than to the agency. Allowing for the effects of translation and everyday usage, this provides a limited sign that trust may be perceived at the national level. This possibility brings the state-level agreement signed in Somalia in December 2025, which grants the Turkish fishing sector access to Somali waters, into the potential context of the relationship. The findings suggest that livelihood and relational outcomes may be jointly shaped by the same implementation choices. Budgeting for maintenance capacity and post-delivery monitoring emerge as the main policy implications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• TİKA
• Small-Scale Fisheries
• Productive Social Policy
• Relational Public Diplomacy
• Djibouti

Kaynakça

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