Çin’de Üretilen Aşılara Yönelik YouTube Tartışmaları Çerçevesinde Yanlış Bilgi ve Nefret Söylemi İlişkisi Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2021, , 96 - 117, 31.12.2021

Oğuz Kuş , İlknur Doğu Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.933550

Cited By: 2

Öz

COVID-19 pandemisi geleneksel medya ve yeni medyaya belirgin etkilerde bulunmuştur. Bu bağlamda
yeni medya parametrelerine bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan infodeminin toplumsal riskler oluşturduğu
gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada COVID-19 sürecinde dijital platformlardaki yanlış bilgi, nefret söylemi
ve kullanıcı etkileşimi miktarı arasındaki ilişki Çin’de üretilmiş aşılar bağlamında incelenmiştir. Beş
YouTube videosundan 2919 kullanıcı yorumu toplanmış, tümdengelimci nitel içerik analizi yaklaşımıyla
çözümlenmiş, ardından Ki-kare testi uygulanmıştır. Yorumlarda yanlış bilgi ve nefret söylemi mevcudiyeti
arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca nefret söylemi ve etkileşim arasında da anlamlı bir ilişki
olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Aynı anda hem yanlış bilgi hem de nefret söylemi içeren yorumlar incelendiğinde,
çoğunlukla virüsün bir proje olduğunu iddia eden yanlış bilgilerle karşılaşılmıştır. Virüsün bir savaş
enstrümanı, aşının ise ticari bir araç olduğuna yönelik iddialarda bulunulduğuna rastlanılmıştır. Ayrıca
Sincan Uygur Özerk Bölgesi’ndeki durum kapsamında Türk düşmanlığı gibi farklı bağlamlarda “bize karşı
onlar” söylemi yaratıldığı gözlemlenmiştir. Yanlış bilginin mevcut olduğu durumlarda yorumlardaki nefret
söyleminin yüzde 5,1 daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yorumların tümündeki ortalama beğeni sayısı 3,4
iken, nefret söylemi içeren kullanıcı yorumlarının ortalama beğeni sayısının 6,6 olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Yanlış bilgi ve nefret söylemi döngüsel bir şekilde birbirini beslemektedir. Sonuç olarak bu durumun
yaşanmakta olan sağlık kriziyle mücadeleyi olumsuz etkileme potansiyeli taşıdığı ortaya konmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, infodemi, yanlış bilgi, nefret söylemi, COVID-19 aşıları.

An Analysis on the Relationship Between Misinformation and Hate Speech in the Framework of YouTube Discussions About Vaccines Produced in China

Öz

COVID-19 pandemic significantly influenced conventional and new media. In this context, it has been
observed that the infodemic that emerges due to parameters of new media poses social risks. This study
aims to analyze the relationship between misinformation, hate speech and the amount of user interaction
during COVID-19 on digital platforms in the context of vaccines produced in China. 2919 user comments
were collected from the five YouTube videos. Comments were analysed with deductive content analysis and
Chi-square test was implemented. A significant relationship exists between misinformation existence and
hate speech existence. In addition, a significant relationship was found between hate speech existence and
amount of user interaction in comments. Content of comments, where both misinformation and hate speech
exist, shows that users often claim that the virus is a project, a war instrument or vaccines are commercial
instruments. It is observed that a “they versus us” discourse was established in the context of the situation in
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Turkophobia. It was identified that when misinformation exists
in user comments, the existence of hate speech is 5,1% higher. It was observed that the average amount of
user interaction of comments that contain hate speech is 6,6 while the average amount of user interaction
in overall comments is 3,4. Finally, it is concluded that this situation can potentially impact the fight with
ongoing health crisis in a negative way.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, infodemic, misinformation, hate speech, COVID-19 vaccines

Kaynakça

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