Araştırma Makalesi
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The Effects of Technological Developments on Journalism Practices:Drone Journalism in Turkey

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 33, 119 - 139, 30.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.510266

Öz

The drones that breathe new life into the field of journalism by processing the images taken from the sky in the news rooms have become more common in journalism practice. Drones have the ability to record many images due to their location that conventional cameras can not capture.The drones which has established itself in the field of journalism worldwide, has also become gained prevalence in Turkey as a journalism practice. This study examined the development process of drone journalism in Turkey; what means the drone journalism for the news reporters and the use of drone journalism in news gathering. In this context the usage practice of drone journalism of national news agencies Anadolu Agency, Demirören News Agency and İhlas News Agency has been investigated. A structured interview has been conducted with the reporters using the drone in the news organizations and the relationship between the current situation of drone journalism and the future of journalism has been tried to be explained by the descriptive analysis method. According to the findings obtained from the study, the drone become more effective in Turkey’s news institutions and has been shown to provide a very positive contribution to the field of journalism. In addition to the positive contributions, the possibility of drone being able to raise problems in security and ethics is also emphasized.

Kaynakça

  • Bellows, B. (2013). Floating toward a Sky Near You: Unmanned Aircraft Systems and the Implications of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012. Journal of Air Law and Commerce. 78(3), 586-614.
  • Bone, E. and Bolkcom, C. (2003). Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Background and Issues for Congress. Library of Congress, Washington D.C: Congressional Research Service.
  • Cambridge Dictionary (English). CAMBRIDGE.org. 08.06.2018 tarihinde https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/drone adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Carroll, R. L. (2015). God's Eye News: The Use of Drones in Journalism a documentary film. Illinois University, Theses and Dissertations. https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1426&context=etd
  • Captain, S. (2012). Livestreaming journalists want to occupy the skies with cheap drones. WIRED.com 10.10. 2018 tarihinde http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2012/01/occupy-drones/ adresinden edinilmiştir
  • Cavender, M. (2012). “Look, up in the Sky—It’s a Bird… It’s a Plane… No, It’s a Drone!” RTDNA Communicator. HRMOBILSERVICES.com. 11.12.2018 tarihinde https://www.hrmobileservices.com/look-up-in-the-sky-its-a-bird-its-a-plane-no-its-a-drone/ adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Chapa, L. (2013) ‘Drone journalism begins slow take off. News media and the law 37(2): 9-10.
  • Chamberlain, P. (2017). Drones and Journalism How the media is making use of unmanned aerial vehicles. New York: Routledge.
  • Corcoran, M. (2014). Drone Journalism: Newsgathering applications of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in covering conflict, civil unrest and disaster. İntroductory Paper, Australia: Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
  • Cruz Silva JA (2014) Is Ecuador prepared to deploy drone journalism? MSc Dissertation, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh.
  • Cruz Silva, J. (2016). Legal and ethical state of drone journalism in Andean CommunityCountries, Actas del II Simposio de la Red Internacional de Investigación de Gestión de la Comunicación, 549-565.
  • Culver, K.B. (2014). From Battlefield to Newsroom: Ethical Implications of Drone Technology in Journalism. Journal of Mass Media Ethics, 29(1): 52-64
  • Dronelar artık hayatın her alanında. (2017, 31 Ağustos) Anadolu Ajansı. 10.06.2018 tarihinde https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/bilim-teknoloji/dronelar-artik-hayatin-her-alaninda-/897590 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Drone’lar hayatın her alanında. (2017, 15 Ocak). Hürriyet. 17.11.2018 tarihinde http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/dronelar-hayatin-her-alaninda-40336312 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). (2007). Unmanned Aircraft Operations in the National Airspace System, Manager, Unmanned Aircraft Program Office, Aircraft Certification Service.
  • Fitzpatrick, A.C. (2014). Drones For Good: Technological Innovations, Social Movements, and The State. Journal of International Affairs Editorial Board. 68(1): 19-36.
  • Gagnon, V.B, Owen, T. Holton, A. (2017). Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Journalistic Disruption. Digital Journalism, 5(10). 1226-1239.
  • Garamone, J. (2002). From U.S. Civil War to Afghanistan: A Short History of UAVs. U.S. Department of Defence, American Forces Press Service. DEFENSE. gov. 15.11.2018 tarihinde http://archive.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=44164 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Gibb, A.S. (2013) Droning The Story, Master Thesis, The University of British Columbia.
  • Goldberg, D. Corcoran, M. and Picard, R. (2013) Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems & Journalism. Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. REUTERSINSTITUTE. uk. 15.12.2018 tarihinde https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/our-research/remotely-piloted-aircraft-systems-and-journalism adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Gynnild, A. (2014). The robot eye witness: Extending visual journalism through drone surveillance. Digital Journalism, 2(3), 1-10.
  • Kalsın, B. (2016). Geçmişten Geleceğe İnternet Gazeteciliği: Türkiye Örneği. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 42(3): 75-94.
  • Karasar, N. (2013). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi, Ankara: 3 A Araştırma Eğitim Danışmanlık Ltd.
  • Kavaklı, N. (2018). Drone’ların Gazetecilikte Kullanımı: Drone Haberciliğinin Olanakları, Zorlukları Ve Sınırları. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 5(3), 160-172.
  • Longino, D. A. (1994). Role of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Future Armed Conflict Scenarios. Alabama: Air University Press.
  • McKrisken, T. (2018). Eyes and Ears in the Sky – Drones and Mass Surveillance. J. Lidberg ve Denis Muller (Ed.), In the name of Security – Secrecy, Surveillance and Journalism içinde (ss. 139-154). United Kingdom: Anthem Press,
  • Mclyntre, K. (2015). How Current Law Might Apply to Drone Journalism. Newspaper Research Journal 36(2), 158-169.
  • Ntalakas, A. Dimoulas, C. Kalliris, G. Veglis, A. (2017). Drone Journalism: Generating Immersive Experiences. Journal of Media Critiques, 3(11), 187-199
  • Roug, L. (2014). Eye in the sky. Drones are cheap, simple, and potential game changers for newsrooms. Columbia Journalism Review. 28-33.
  • Sivil Havacılık Genel Müdürlüğü (SGHM). (2017). İnsansız Hava Aracı Sistemleri Talimatı (SHT-İHA).
  • Sivil Havacılık Genel Müdürlüğü (SGHM). (2018). Bireysel görüşme, Erişim Tarihi: 11.15.2018.
  • Shakya, A. (2017). Drones help journalists gain a new perspective. NYUJOURNALISM.org 10.11.2018 tarihinde http://projects.nyujournalism.org/newsliteracy2017/topics/drone-journalism/ adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Şahin, M. (2018). Drone Journalism. 5th International Conference on Social Sciences and Education Research, Antalya, Turkey.
  • Tremayne, M. and Clark, A. (2014). New Perspectives From The Sky. Digital Journalism, 2(2), 232-246
  • Thomkins, A. (2017). The 2018 drone journalism forecast. POYNTER.org. 17.9.2018 tarihinde https://www.poynter.org/news/2018-drone-journalism-forecast adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Waite, M. (2014). Journalism with flying robots. XRDS: Crossroads, The ACM Magazine for Students, 20(3), 28-31.
  • Büyük medya şirketleri Virginia Tech ile drone gazeteciliğine hazırlanıyor. (2015, 17 Haziran) Webrazzi. 12.12.2018 tarihinde https://webrazzi.com/2015/06/17/medya-virginia-tech-drone-gazeteciligi/ adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Whitaker, N. (2016). An interview with Matt Waite about the future of Drone Journalism. Personel Communication. MEDIUM.com. 08.09.2018 tarihinde https://medium.com/google-news-lab/drone-journalism-an-interview-with-matt-waite-about-the-future-of-drones-in-journalism-7b1811c661aa adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Yıldırım, Ş. ve Şimşek, H. (2013). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.

Teknolojik Gelişmelerin Habercilik Uygulamaları Üzerine Etkileri: Türkiye'de Drone Haberciliği

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 33, 119 - 139, 30.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.510266

Öz

  Gökyüzünden çekilen görüntülerin haber odalarında işlenmesiyle habercilik alanına yeni bir soluk getiren drone’lar, gazetecilik pratiğinde yaygın bir hale gelmektedir. Drone’lar bulunduğu konum nedeniyle geleneksel kameraların yakalayamayacağı birçok görüntüyü kaydedebilme olanağına sahiptir. Dünyada habercilik alanında kendisini kabul ettiren drone’lar Türkiye’de de bir gazetecilik uygulaması olarak yaygınlık kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, drone haberciliğinin Türkiye’deki gelişim süreci incelenerek haber kuruluşlarındaki muhabirler için ifade ettiği anlam ve haber toplamadaki kullanımı araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada ulusal anlamdaki haber ajansları olan Anadolu Ajansı, Demirören Haber Ajansı, İhlas Haber Ajansı’nın habercilikte drone kullanım pratikleri incelenmiştir. Haber kuruluşlarında drone kullanan muhabirlerle yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılarak, betimsel analiz yöntemi neticesinde drone haberciliğinin günümüzdeki mevcut durumu ve gelecekte gazetecilikle ilişkisinin ne yönde olacağı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda elde edilen bulgularda drone’un Türkiye’de habercilik alanında günden güne ağırlığını artırdığı, habercilik alanında oldukça olumlu katkılar sağladığı görülmüştür. Olumlu katkılarının yanı sıra drone’un güvenlik ve etik gibi konularda problemler çıkarabileceği ihtimali üzerinde de durulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Bellows, B. (2013). Floating toward a Sky Near You: Unmanned Aircraft Systems and the Implications of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012. Journal of Air Law and Commerce. 78(3), 586-614.
  • Bone, E. and Bolkcom, C. (2003). Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Background and Issues for Congress. Library of Congress, Washington D.C: Congressional Research Service.
  • Cambridge Dictionary (English). CAMBRIDGE.org. 08.06.2018 tarihinde https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/drone adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Carroll, R. L. (2015). God's Eye News: The Use of Drones in Journalism a documentary film. Illinois University, Theses and Dissertations. https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1426&context=etd
  • Captain, S. (2012). Livestreaming journalists want to occupy the skies with cheap drones. WIRED.com 10.10. 2018 tarihinde http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2012/01/occupy-drones/ adresinden edinilmiştir
  • Cavender, M. (2012). “Look, up in the Sky—It’s a Bird… It’s a Plane… No, It’s a Drone!” RTDNA Communicator. HRMOBILSERVICES.com. 11.12.2018 tarihinde https://www.hrmobileservices.com/look-up-in-the-sky-its-a-bird-its-a-plane-no-its-a-drone/ adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Chapa, L. (2013) ‘Drone journalism begins slow take off. News media and the law 37(2): 9-10.
  • Chamberlain, P. (2017). Drones and Journalism How the media is making use of unmanned aerial vehicles. New York: Routledge.
  • Corcoran, M. (2014). Drone Journalism: Newsgathering applications of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in covering conflict, civil unrest and disaster. İntroductory Paper, Australia: Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
  • Cruz Silva JA (2014) Is Ecuador prepared to deploy drone journalism? MSc Dissertation, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh.
  • Cruz Silva, J. (2016). Legal and ethical state of drone journalism in Andean CommunityCountries, Actas del II Simposio de la Red Internacional de Investigación de Gestión de la Comunicación, 549-565.
  • Culver, K.B. (2014). From Battlefield to Newsroom: Ethical Implications of Drone Technology in Journalism. Journal of Mass Media Ethics, 29(1): 52-64
  • Dronelar artık hayatın her alanında. (2017, 31 Ağustos) Anadolu Ajansı. 10.06.2018 tarihinde https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/bilim-teknoloji/dronelar-artik-hayatin-her-alaninda-/897590 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Drone’lar hayatın her alanında. (2017, 15 Ocak). Hürriyet. 17.11.2018 tarihinde http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/dronelar-hayatin-her-alaninda-40336312 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). (2007). Unmanned Aircraft Operations in the National Airspace System, Manager, Unmanned Aircraft Program Office, Aircraft Certification Service.
  • Fitzpatrick, A.C. (2014). Drones For Good: Technological Innovations, Social Movements, and The State. Journal of International Affairs Editorial Board. 68(1): 19-36.
  • Gagnon, V.B, Owen, T. Holton, A. (2017). Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Journalistic Disruption. Digital Journalism, 5(10). 1226-1239.
  • Garamone, J. (2002). From U.S. Civil War to Afghanistan: A Short History of UAVs. U.S. Department of Defence, American Forces Press Service. DEFENSE. gov. 15.11.2018 tarihinde http://archive.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=44164 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Gibb, A.S. (2013) Droning The Story, Master Thesis, The University of British Columbia.
  • Goldberg, D. Corcoran, M. and Picard, R. (2013) Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems & Journalism. Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. REUTERSINSTITUTE. uk. 15.12.2018 tarihinde https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/our-research/remotely-piloted-aircraft-systems-and-journalism adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Gynnild, A. (2014). The robot eye witness: Extending visual journalism through drone surveillance. Digital Journalism, 2(3), 1-10.
  • Kalsın, B. (2016). Geçmişten Geleceğe İnternet Gazeteciliği: Türkiye Örneği. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 42(3): 75-94.
  • Karasar, N. (2013). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi, Ankara: 3 A Araştırma Eğitim Danışmanlık Ltd.
  • Kavaklı, N. (2018). Drone’ların Gazetecilikte Kullanımı: Drone Haberciliğinin Olanakları, Zorlukları Ve Sınırları. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 5(3), 160-172.
  • Longino, D. A. (1994). Role of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Future Armed Conflict Scenarios. Alabama: Air University Press.
  • McKrisken, T. (2018). Eyes and Ears in the Sky – Drones and Mass Surveillance. J. Lidberg ve Denis Muller (Ed.), In the name of Security – Secrecy, Surveillance and Journalism içinde (ss. 139-154). United Kingdom: Anthem Press,
  • Mclyntre, K. (2015). How Current Law Might Apply to Drone Journalism. Newspaper Research Journal 36(2), 158-169.
  • Ntalakas, A. Dimoulas, C. Kalliris, G. Veglis, A. (2017). Drone Journalism: Generating Immersive Experiences. Journal of Media Critiques, 3(11), 187-199
  • Roug, L. (2014). Eye in the sky. Drones are cheap, simple, and potential game changers for newsrooms. Columbia Journalism Review. 28-33.
  • Sivil Havacılık Genel Müdürlüğü (SGHM). (2017). İnsansız Hava Aracı Sistemleri Talimatı (SHT-İHA).
  • Sivil Havacılık Genel Müdürlüğü (SGHM). (2018). Bireysel görüşme, Erişim Tarihi: 11.15.2018.
  • Shakya, A. (2017). Drones help journalists gain a new perspective. NYUJOURNALISM.org 10.11.2018 tarihinde http://projects.nyujournalism.org/newsliteracy2017/topics/drone-journalism/ adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Şahin, M. (2018). Drone Journalism. 5th International Conference on Social Sciences and Education Research, Antalya, Turkey.
  • Tremayne, M. and Clark, A. (2014). New Perspectives From The Sky. Digital Journalism, 2(2), 232-246
  • Thomkins, A. (2017). The 2018 drone journalism forecast. POYNTER.org. 17.9.2018 tarihinde https://www.poynter.org/news/2018-drone-journalism-forecast adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Waite, M. (2014). Journalism with flying robots. XRDS: Crossroads, The ACM Magazine for Students, 20(3), 28-31.
  • Büyük medya şirketleri Virginia Tech ile drone gazeteciliğine hazırlanıyor. (2015, 17 Haziran) Webrazzi. 12.12.2018 tarihinde https://webrazzi.com/2015/06/17/medya-virginia-tech-drone-gazeteciligi/ adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Whitaker, N. (2016). An interview with Matt Waite about the future of Drone Journalism. Personel Communication. MEDIUM.com. 08.09.2018 tarihinde https://medium.com/google-news-lab/drone-journalism-an-interview-with-matt-waite-about-the-future-of-drones-in-journalism-7b1811c661aa adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Yıldırım, Ş. ve Şimşek, H. (2013). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İletişim ve Medya Çalışmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Emrah Budak 0000-0001-6896-7558

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Ocak 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Sayı: 33

Kaynak Göster

APA Budak, E. (2019). Teknolojik Gelişmelerin Habercilik Uygulamaları Üzerine Etkileri: Türkiye’de Drone Haberciliği. Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi(33), 119-139. https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.510266