Grafting performances of some standard apple cultivars grafted onto MM106 rootstock

Mert Ondin; Yakup Mert Kul; Ahmet Ozturk

doi:10.53663/turjfas.1835243

Grafting performances of some standard apple cultivars grafted onto MM106 rootstock

Abstract

This study was performed in 2023-2024 to ascertain the grafting success and sapling development of some standard apple cultivars grafted onto MM106 rootstock (‘Jeromine’, ‘Galaxy Gala’, ‘Red Chief’, ‘Scarlet’, ‘Fuji’, ‘Mondial Gala’ and ‘Granny Smith’) in Samsun ecological conditions, Türkiye. In the study, graft take ratio (%), sprouting ratio (%), sapling survival ratio (%), sapling height (cm), graft shoot diameter (mm), graft shoot length (cm), internode distance (cm), first quality sapling ratio (%), leaf number (piece plant-1), leaf width (cm), length (cm) and area (cm²), petiole length (cm) and thickness (mm), and chlorophyll content (CCI) were examined. The study revealed significant variations among the cultivars in all examined parameters, with the exception of leaf length. The highest graft take and sprouting ratios were in the ‘Jeromine’ (96.91% and 95.81%), while the lowest were in the ‘Red Chief’ cultivar (60.97% and 60.17%). The highest sapling survival ratio and first-quality sapling ratio were observed in the ‘Fuji’ (91.82% and 82.73%), while the lowest were in the ‘Red Chief’ cultivar (54.40% and 37.17%). Sapling height varied from 105.27 cm (‘Fuji’) to 84.10 cm (‘Red Chief’), graft shoot length varied from 88.27 cm (‘Galaxy Gala’) to 67.43 cm (‘Red Chief’), graft shoot diameter varied from 12.23 cm to 10.22 cm, internode length varied from 2.96 cm (‘Red Chief’) to 3.60 cm (‘Jeromine’). Regardless of cultivar, the leaf number ranged from 28.67 to 62.47 pieces plant-1, leaf width ranged from 4.13 cm to 5.30 cm, and petiole length ranged 2.36 cm to 2.95 cm. The leaf area ranged from 23.64 to 35.79 cm², with the leaf area of the ‘Galaxy Gala’ cultivar being higher than that of the other cultivars. Chlorophyll index varied between 29.21 (‘Mondial Gala’) and 43.89 CCI (‘Fuji’). The study found that the highest sapling growth performance on MM106 rootstock was achieved by the cultivars ‘Fuji’ and ‘Galaxy Gala,’ while the lowest was achieved by the ‘Red Chief’ cultivar. The vigorous cultivar had better sapling performance on MM106 rootstock than the weaker cultivars.

Keywords

Apple, Chlorophyll index, Graft success, Rootstock, Sapling development

Supporting Institution

Not applicable.

Project Number

No financial support was received for this study

Ethical Statement

Not applicable.

Thanks

The authors would like to thank the Dr. Zaki Ahmad FAIZI for his contributions.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pomology and Treatment

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Mert Ondin
0009-0004-9626-4680
Türkiye

Yakup Mert Kul
0000-0003-2285-7761
Türkiye

Ahmet Ozturk ^*
0000-0002-8800-1248
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

December 18, 2025

Publication Date

December 18, 2025

Submission Date

December 3, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 16, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 7 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.53663/turjfas.1835243

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA24NL95WJ

APA

Ondin, M., Kul, Y. M., & Ozturk, A. (2025). Grafting performances of some standard apple cultivars grafted onto MM106 rootstock. Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences, 7(2), 254-264. https://doi.org/10.53663/turjfas.1835243

AMA

1.Ondin M, Kul YM, Ozturk A. Grafting performances of some standard apple cultivars grafted onto MM106 rootstock. Turk J Food Agric Sci. 2025;7(2):254-264. doi:10.53663/turjfas.1835243

Chicago

Ondin, Mert, Yakup Mert Kul, and Ahmet Ozturk. 2025. “Grafting Performances of Some Standard Apple Cultivars Grafted onto MM106 Rootstock”. Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences 7 (2): 254-64. https://doi.org/10.53663/turjfas.1835243.

EndNote

Ondin M, Kul YM, Ozturk A (December 1, 2025) Grafting performances of some standard apple cultivars grafted onto MM106 rootstock. Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences 7 2 254–264.

IEEE

[1]M. Ondin, Y. M. Kul, and A. Ozturk, “Grafting performances of some standard apple cultivars grafted onto MM106 rootstock”, Turk J Food Agric Sci, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 254–264, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.53663/turjfas.1835243.

ISNAD

Ondin, Mert - Kul, Yakup Mert - Ozturk, Ahmet. “Grafting Performances of Some Standard Apple Cultivars Grafted onto MM106 Rootstock”. Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences 7/2 (December 1, 2025): 254-264. https://doi.org/10.53663/turjfas.1835243.

JAMA

1.Ondin M, Kul YM, Ozturk A. Grafting performances of some standard apple cultivars grafted onto MM106 rootstock. Turk J Food Agric Sci. 2025;7:254–264.

MLA

Ondin, Mert, et al. “Grafting Performances of Some Standard Apple Cultivars Grafted onto MM106 Rootstock”. Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences, vol. 7, no. 2, Dec. 2025, pp. 254-6, doi:10.53663/turjfas.1835243.

Vancouver

1.Mert Ondin, Yakup Mert Kul, Ahmet Ozturk. Grafting performances of some standard apple cultivars grafted onto MM106 rootstock. Turk J Food Agric Sci. 2025 Dec. 1;7(2):254-6. doi:10.53663/turjfas.1835243

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Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences (TURJFAS) is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and expects all parties (authors, referees, editors and publisher) in the publishing process to bear the following ethical responsibilities.

In keeping with its commitment to best practices in academic publishing, TURJFAS strongly supports and adheres to the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publication adopted by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME).

Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences utilises the process flow sheets developed by COPE in collaboration with Springer Nature when dealing with cases of fraudulent manipulation of the publication process.

Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and expects all parties (authors, referees, editors and publisher) in the publishing process to bear the following ethical responsibilities.

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The persons who participate in the design of studies, data collection or the analysis or interpretation of the data in a study, or meaningfully contribute to arrangement of the content, are described as authors. Only people who meet these criteria can be included in the list of authors of a paper.

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• actively conduct scientific research.
• have a broad knowledge of the science environment.
• not have personal, economic or political connections that would affect in any way their duties and responsibilities.
• carefully check the suitability of submitted manuscripts for the journal and conformity to the journal style for the manuscript.
• carefully check manuscripts for scientific authenticity, originality and conformity to the journal’s ethical standards.
• ensure that all information in submitted manuscripts is kept confidential until published.
• impartially and independently manage the peer review process.
• declare whether they have a conflict of interest or not, for example, when they are asked to manage the process of a manuscript submitted from their own institution.
• not allow any activities that constitute conflict of interest or prejudice between the authors and the reviewers.
• not make their publication decision entirely according to the reviewers’ suggestions; the editors should be aware that the reviewers are only advisers.
• be aware that they have ethical responsibility for their publication decision.
• not change their acceptance decision unless there is a serious problem with the manuscript, for example, when an ethics violation is detected.
• not change editorial decisions given in the previous editorial period, unless there is a serious problem in the manuscript.
• not hesitate to publish errata, amendments and declarations.
• defend freedom of expression.
• maintain ethical standards throughout all processes.

All editors are obliged to follow the guidelines in the Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors developed by COPE. In this combined version of the documents, the mandatory Code of Conduct for Journal Editors standards are shown in regular script and with numbered clauses, and the more aspirational ‘Best Practice’ recommendations are shown in italics. In addition, you can find a handbook, which is the main reference guide for editors with the support of TÜBİTAK – ULAKBİM, and distributed to the editors of scientific journals in Türkiye.

Publisher’s Responsibilities

The publisher:

• provides online hosting services and an editorial workflow management system for the journal, Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences.
• provides all the necessary technical conditions for an online journal management system and helps ensure the maintenance of the journal’s standards.
• supports efforts to increase the journal’s international visibility.
• ensures that the highest standards and the best practices in academic publishing are maintained.
• provides the appropriate data for national and international indexes.
• delivers permanent accessibility and the preservation of scientific works, and ensures digital archiving of publications by partnering with other organizations.

Readers’ Responsibilities

Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences expects readers to bear the following responsibilities, even if they are not in the publishing process.
Readers:
• must avoid infringement of the copyright of papers.
• should give feedback to the journal about how to improve the journal’s performance in all areas.
• should notify the chief editor via e-mail (burhanozturk55@gmail.com) of papers involving suspected ethical misconduct or containing errors or with important spelling errors.

Publication Policy

Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences is a peer-reviewed, international scientific journal that publishes and promotes research in Food and Agriculture Sciences worldwide. It is a fully open access journal, published biannually by DergiPark for the “Turkish Academic Network and Information Center (ULAKBİM)”, a unit of “The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK)”. DergiPark provides online hosting services and an editorial workflow management system for academic journals published in Türkiye. The DergiPark project, undertaken by TÜBİTAK – ULAKBİM, is a public service in Türkiye whose mission is the web-based publication of academic journals and the operation of an online journal management system.

All manuscripts submitted for publication in Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences will be pre-reviewed by the editor. Manuscripts that fall outside the aims and scope of the journal, are inadequate in terms of language and writing, not original or not sufficient for the requirements of a scientific study, will be rejected or may have revisions requested at this initial stage.

After initial evaluation, the manuscript will be double blind, peer reviewed by at least two independent, expert referees. If there are inconsistencies between the referees, more reviewers will be asked to review the manuscript. The editor will decide on the acceptance or rejection of the manuscript according to the reports of these referees. However, a manuscript may be rejected without external review by the editor if it is considered unacceptable, for example, a manuscript will be rejected without peer review if it does not comply with the instructions for authors or if it is beyond the scope of the journal.

The names and e-mail addresses entered in the journal system DergiPark will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party. Responsibility for technical content and for protection of proprietary material rests solely with the author(s) and their organizations and is not the responsibility of the publisher, the journal or its editorial staff.

Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences provides full open access to its publications according to the principle that providing scientific research to the public free of charge increases global information sharing. Furthermore, Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences does not charge any paper submission or processing charges and there is no open access publication fee for authors.

Price Policy

Journal Boards

Editor-in-Chief

Burhan ÖZTÜRK

Horticultural Production, Post Harvest Horticultural Technologies (Incl. Transportation and Storage), Pomology and Treatment, Fruit-Vegetables Technology

Co-Editors

Andaç Kutay SAKA

Vegetable Growing and Treatment

Harun ÖZER

Vegetable Growing and Treatment

Agricultural Economics

Derya ÖZTÜRK

Technology Management and Business Models, New Product Development, Marketing, Consumer Behaviour, Innovation Management, Production and Operations Management, Supply Chain Management

Animal Science

İsmail TÜRKER

Animal Behaviour, Zootechny, Poultry Farming and Treatment

Biosystems Engineering

Sedat KARAMAN

Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Structures, Farm Management, Rural Management and Agribusiness

Field Crops

ŞA

Şahane Funda ARSLANOĞLU

Field Crops and Pasture Production

Food

YT

Yunus Emre TUNÇIL

Food Technology

Mahmoud KOUSHESH SABA

Post Harvest Horticultural Technologies (Incl. Transportation and Storage), Fruit-Vegetables Technology

Horticulture

UA

Umut ATEŞ

Pomology and Treatment

OS

Onur SARAÇOĞLU

Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Post Harvest Horticultural Technologies (Incl. Transportation and Storage), Pomology and Treatment

Ornamental and Landscape

Mehmet TÜTÜNCÜ

Plant Tissue and Cell Culture, Horticultural Production, Green-House Growing and Treatment, Agricultural Biotechnology

Plant Protection

Işık TEPE

Herbology

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Halil ERDEM

Plant Nutrition and Soil Fertility

EDITORIAL BOARD

MD

Munir Abba DANDAGO

Grain Technology

Ebubekir ALTUNTAŞ

Agricultural Engineering, Biosystem, Agricultural Machine Systems, Agricultural Machines, Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences

Erdal AĞLAR

Post Harvest Horticultural Technologies (Incl. Transportation and Storage)

EC

Erika CIONE

Plant Biochemistry, Analytical Biochemistry

Erhan SULEJMANI

Food Engineering, Food Chemistry and Food Sensory Science, Dairy Technology

Aysun PEKŞEN

Plant and Fungus Systematics and Taxonomy, Vegetable Growing and Treatment

MÖ

Mehtap ÖZBAKIR ÖZER

Vegetable Growing and Treatment

KJ

Khalid JAVED

Animal Science, Genetics and Biostatistics

CK

Clive KAISER

Pomology and Treatment

Jiban SHRESTHA

Agronomy

SA

Sali ALIU

Agricultural Molecular Engineering of Nucleic Acids and Proteins, Plant Biotechnology in Agriculture, Agricultural Biotechnology Diagnostics

MS

Mohammed Wasim SIDDIQUI

Post Harvest Horticultural Technologies (Incl. Transportation and Storage), Food Packaging, Preservation and Processing, Fruit-Vegetables Technology

SK

Samir KALIT

Dairy Technology

KY

Kenan YILDIZ

Pomology and Treatment

MG

Müttalip GÜNDOĞDU

Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Post Harvest Horticultural Technologies (Incl. Transportation and Storage)

MR

Mohammad Shafiur RAHMAN

Food Sciences, Food Technology

ZS

Zora SINGH

Post Harvest Horticultural Technologies (Incl. Transportation and Storage)

Gordana MANEVSKA-TASEVSKA

Agricultural Policy

WA

Waseem AHMED

Horticultural Production (Other), Fruit-Vegetables Technology, Tree Improvement, Agricultural Management of Nutrients, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Elif CILAVDAROĞLU

Bee and Silkworm Breeding and Improvement , Poultry Farming and Treatment

MB

Miroljub BARAC

Food Chemistry and Food Sensory Science

SA

Sezai ALKAN

Zootechny (Other)

YÖ

Yakup ÖZKAN

Pomology and Treatment

MA

Mohammadreza ASGHARI

Post Harvest Horticultural Technologies (Incl. Transportation and Storage)

Cafer KÖSE

Oenology and Viticulture

Mustafa ÖZDEN

Post Harvest Horticultural Technologies (Incl. Transportation and Storage)

RC

Rüstem CANGI

Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Oenology and Viticulture

Statistical Editors

Yeliz KAŞKO ARICI

Machine Learning (Other), Modelling and Simulation, Biostatistics

Davut CANLI

Mathematical Sciences, Computational Statistics, Statistical Analysis, Algebraic and Differential Geometry

Language Editor

SA

Sinan ALYURT

Early English Languages

Graphic Design

Elif CILAVDAROĞLU

Bee and Silkworm Breeding and Improvement , Poultry Farming and Treatment

Social Media

Mestan HISARKAYA

Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

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Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences (TURJFAS) is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is accordance with the BOAI (Budapest Open Access Initiative) definition of open access.

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Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Journal Abbreviation: Turk J Food Agric Sci

Grafting performances of some standard apple cultivars grafted onto MM106 rootstock

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Agricultural Economics

Animal Science

Biosystems Engineering

Field Crops

Food

Horticulture

Ornamental and Landscape

Plant Protection

Soil and Plant Nutrition

EDITORIAL BOARD

Statistical Editors

Language Editor

Graphic Design

Social Media