Yakut ve Altay'da Karşılaştırmalı Yapılar Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 34, 249 - 260, 01.06.2017

Svetlana Mitrofanovna Prokopıeva Nikolay Nikolaevich Efremov

Öz

Ana Yakut ve Altaik karşılaştırmalı yapı türleri, ortak tipolojik özellikler ve sistematik yapısal özelliklere bağlı olarak ortak ve farklı parametreleri ortaya çıkaran karşılaştırmalı-karşıtlık yönünden analiz edilmiştir. Ortak parametreler, sentetik ve analitik türlerin nominal karşılaştırmalı yapılarının işleyişini ve sentetik ve analitik-sentetik yapıların tezahür etmesini içerir. Karşılaştırma göstergeleri, ablatif vaka biçimi ve yardımcı fiil буол- / бол- tarafından oluşturulmuş sözdizimsel gösterge haricinde ifade düzleminde aynı fikirde değillerdir. Bu göstergeler çoksesliliklidir. Yakut yapıları, курдук analitik araçlarının aktif çalışmasına, buna karşın sentetik karşılaştırmalı gösterge -дыe'nin yapısı Altaik'e hakimdir

Anahtar Kelimeler

karşılaştırmalı yapı, karşılaştırmalı gösterge, sentetik tip, analitik tip, nominal ve sözlü yapılar, Yakut dili, Altay dili

COMPARATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS IN YAKUT AND ALTAI A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Öz

The main Yakut and Altaic comparative constructions types are analyzed from the comparative-contrastive aspect, which revealed common and different parameters due to common typological features and systematic structural characteristics. The common parameters include functioning nominal comparative constructions of the synthetic and analytic types as well as manifestation of synthetic and analytic-synthetic structures. Indicators of comparison do not agree in the plane of expression except the ablative case form and the syntactic indicator formed from the auxiliary verb буол- / бол- . These indicators are polysemantic. Yakut constructions feature active functioning of the analytical means курдук whereas the structure with the synthetic comparative indicator –дый dominates Altaic

Anahtar Kelimeler

comparative construction, synthetic type, analytic type, nominal and verbal constructions, Turkic languages

Kaynakça

• ABDULLAEV, I.N. (1974), Methods of expressing the comparison in the Azerbaijani language: extended abstract of Ph.D. in Philology dissertation. Baku.
• ALEXANDROVA, O.O. (2015), “Transferring Sensations in Comparative Constructions to the Original and its Translation”, Herald of the Novgorod State University, 87 (1): 134-137.
• ANDERSEN, P.K. (1983), Word order typology and comparative constructions. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamin Publishing Company.
• ANTONOVA, Y.V. (2012), “Comparative Structures Composed of simple Sentences with analytic Performance Comparison in Shor Language“, Herald of Tomsk State Pedagogical University, 1(116): 267-271.
• ARNOLD, I.V. (2016), Fundamentals of the Scientific Research in Linguistic. Moscow: LIBROCOM.
• BACSKAI-ATKARI, J. (2014), “The Syntax of Comparative Constrictions: operators, ellipsis phenomena and functional left peripheries”, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/east-2014- 0004.
• BALZER, B. (2001), “Phraseologische Vergleiche, polyglott”, Revista de Filologia Alemana, 9: 165-181.
• BARANOV, A.N. ve D.O. DOBROVOLSKIJ, (2016), Fundamentals of the Phraseology. Moscow: FLINTA: Nauka.
• BIBILOVA, R.P., CHADASHEVA, C.A., ZUZIEVA, E.T. (2015), “Synonymy of the Syntactical Constructions of the Russian and Ossetic in Comparison Confrontation Aspect”, International Journal of the Experimental Education, 1(1): 98.
• BOETHLINGK, O.N., (1990), About Yakut Language. Novossibirsk: Science.
• BOLGAROVA, R.M. ve E.A. ISLAMOVA, (2016), “Features of the Semantic and Functioning of the Turkic on Comparison of the Russian”, Dynamic of the Linguistic and Cultural Processes in the Modern Russian, 5: 656-666.
• BOYKO, L.G. (2016), “Stable comparisons as one of the forms of representation of the linguistic picture of the world”, Proceedings of the Volgograd State Pedagogical University, 1(105): 99-104.
• BREHMER, B. ve B. GOLUBOVIĆ, (2007), “Eine kontrastive Analyse der Strukturen komparativer Phraseologismen im Serbischen und Deutschen”. Fundamenta linguisticae I. Wrocław (ed I. Bartoszewicz, J. Szczęk, A. Tworek), Dresden, 359–371.
• BRESNAN, J., (1973), “Syntax of the comparative clause constructions in English”, Lingustic Inguiry, 35:275-343.
• BULGAROVA R.M. ve S.S. SAFONOVA, (2015), Comparisons in Russian and Tatar languages: semantic-functional and comparative aspects. Kazan: Fatherland.
• CHEREMISINA, M.I. ve L.A. SHAMINA, (1996), “Expression of comparison in Tuvan language”, Languages of indigenous peoples of Siberia, 3: 65-84.
• CHINKURE, I., (2006), “Semantische Analyse der phraseologischen Vergleiche mit Tiernamen im Deutschen und im Lettischen”, Studies about Languages, 9: 11-16.
• DEVYATOVA, N.M., (2010), “On figurative comparison and its typology”, Bulgarian Rusistry, 3-4: 56-64.
• EFREMOV, N. N., (2013), “Polypredicate structures with a spatial meaning in Yakut language”, Karadeniz. An international quarterly Journal of Social Science. Collektions of international conference “Language and Culture in a changing World”, Yakutsk, October 23-24, 409-417.
• FÖLDES, Cs., (1992), “Feste verbale Vergleiche im Deutschen, Russischen und Ungarischen”, Untersuchungen zur Phraseologie des Deutschen und anderer Sprachen: einzelsprachlich – kontrastiv – vergleichend (ed J. Korhonen), Frankfurt/M: 61-78.
• FROLOVA, O.E., (2014), “Live and inanimate in stable comparisons” Russian speech, 36- 43.
• GNUTZMANN, C., ILSON, R., WEBSTER, J., (2008), “Comparative Constructions in contemporary English”, 417-438.
• GOLEVA, N.M. ve L.S. VORONKOVA, (2016), “Forms of comparative constructions in Russian and English”, International Journal of Professional Science, 1: 137-141.
• HESSKY, R. (1989), “Sprach- und kulturspezifische Züge phraseologischer Vergleiche”, EUROPHRAS 88. Phraséologie Contrastive (ed G. Gréciano), Strasbourg, 195–204.
• KANTOR, G., (2006), “On the periphery of clausal comparative constructions”, Interlinguistica, 17: 580-588.
• KHAKULOVA, M.H., (2016), “Comparative phraseological units as a reflection of linguistic consciousness”, Modern science: trends of development, 12: 35-39.
• KONYROV, T.K., (1985), Structural-semantic nature of comparison in the Kazakh language (comparative constructions), Almaty: Mektep.
• KRYLOVA, M.N., (2016a), “Comparative constructions in poetic texts of Yu. Shevchuk”, Language and Culture, 2(34): 45-56.
• KYRZHINAKOVA, E.V., (2010), Methods of expressing the comparison in the Khakass language: extended abstract of Ph.D. in Philology dissertation. M.
• LAPINSKAS, S., (2000), “Negative Eigenschaften des Menschen in den komparativen Phraseologismen der deutschen und litauischen Sprache”, Kalbotyra, 49(3): 45–61.
• LEONIDOVA, M., (1987), “Kontrastive Analyse einiger komparativer Phraseologismen im Bulgarischen, Russischen und Deutschen”, Aktuelle Probleme der Phraseologie (ed H. Burger), Bern, 245–257.
• LI, T., CHSHAN, C., (2015), “Reflection of the Linguistic Picture of the World in Figurative Comparisons (on the Material of the National Corps of the Russian)” Herald of the Buryat State University, 10: 62-65.
• LICHTENBERG, J., (1994), “Vergleiche in der interkulturellen Kommunikation (Deutsch- Russisch-Bulgarisch-Italienisch)”, Grazer Linguistische Studien, 41: 27–41.
• LYTKINA, G.V., (2016), “Comparative constructions of the Russian language: Linguistic aspect”, Philological Sciences. Questions of theory and practice, 6(60) III: 115-119.
• MALKOVA, V.V., (2014), “Stable comparisons in describing a person”, A culture of speech, 57: 57-61.
• MATULINA, Ž., JEROLIMOV, I., PAVIĆ PINTARIĆ, A., (2004), “Adjektivische komparative Phraseme im Deutschen, Kroatischen und Italienischen aus interkultureller Sicht”, Linguistische Studien im europäischen Jahr der Sprachen. Akten des 36. Linguistischen Kolloquiums in Ljubljana 2001 (S. Barčić, S. Podgorsek), Frankfurt/M. u. a., 403–414,.
• MOKIENKO, V.M., (2016), Stable comparisons in the system of phraseology. Saint- Petersburg: Greifswald.
• MUKARAMOV, M., (1971), Comparisons and methods of their expression in the modern Uzbek literary language: extended abstract of Ph.D. in Philology dissertation. Tashkent.
• NEDOSEKINA, A.V., (2015), “Verbalization of the Sensible Sensations of the Man by the Figurative Comparisons”, Cognitive Research of the Language, 21: 445-447.
• NEDOSEKINA, A.V., (2016), “Comparative turns - verbalizers of gustatory sensations (on a material of Russian)”, Herald of Voronezh State University. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, 2: 52-55.
• OGOLTSEVA, E.V., (2015), “Stable comparisons of the Russian language: stability and Dynamism”, Russian language at school, 57-61.
• OJUNSKIJ, P.A., (1975), Selected works. Vol. 2. Yakutsk: Book house.
• POVARISOV, S. Sh., (1965), Comparison in the Tatar language (in lexico-grammatical and stylistic plans): extended abstract of Ph.D. in Philology dissertation. Ufa.
• SCHADE, O., (1976), “Zu den komparativen Phraseologismen des Deutschen und Russischen”, Aktuelle Probleme der Phraseologie. Leipzig: Karl-Marx-Universitaet, 127-134.
• SHAMINA, L.A., (2014), “Modus-dictum comparative bipredictive constructions of the Tuva language”, Siberian Philological Journal, 2: 189-199.
• SINIČKINA, A.A. ve A.V. POTANINA, (2015), “Research of the Cognitive Mechanism of the Comparison in Confrontation Aspect (on the Materials of the English and Russian)”, In the World of the Scientific Achievements, 3(63): 328-333.
• SOFRONOV, A.I., (1965), Selected works. Vol. 2. Yakutsk: Book house.
• STOLZ, T., (2013), Competing Comparative Constructions in Europa. Akademie Verlag GmbH. Part of De Gruyter.
• SZCZĘK, J., WYSOCZAŃSKI, W., (2004), “Das sprachliche Weltbild am Beispiel der deutschen Komponentenbestand”, Studia Linguistica, 23: 87–143.
• The obstinate Kulun Kullustur. The Yakut Olonkho, (1985), Moscow: The main edition of eastern literature.
• TYBIKOVA, L.N., (1989), Comparative constructions of the Altai language: extended abstract of Ph.D. in Philology dissertation. Alma-Ata.
• UBRYATOVA, E.I., (1976), Studies on the syntax of the Yakut language. Part II. Difficult sentence. Novosibirsk: Nauka.
• UBRYATOVA, E.I., PETROV, N.E., EFREMOV, N.N. et al., (1995) Grammar of the modern Yakut literary Language. Vol. 2. Syntax, Novosibirsk: Science.
• VALIPUR, A. ve Sch. IBRAHIMSHARIFI, (2016), “Stable comparisons with names Animals and their national and cultural specificity in Russian and Persian”, Philological Sciences. Questions of theory and practice, 2(56) II: 66-68.
• VASILIEV, Yu. I., (1986), Methods of expressing the comparison in the Yakut language. Novosibirsk: Naukа.
• VEDMANOVA, E.E. ve N. V. KULIKOVA, (2015), “National-specific features of comparative phraseology of English, German and Russian. Ethnical Peliarities of Comparative Phraseological Units in the English, German and Russian Languages”, Herald of the Volgograd State University. Series 2: Linguistics, 4: 115-120.
• ZUFAROVA, N.Z., (1971), Degrees of comparison and comparative constructions in modern English and Uzbek languages: extended abstract of Ph.D. dissertation. Tashkent.