Effects of Ascorbic Acid Application in Strawberry Plants During Heat Stress

Year 2014, Volume: 1 Issue: Özel Sayı-2, 1486 - 1491, 01.03.2014

Sergul Ergın Cigdem Aydogan Nilufer Ozturk Ece Turhan

Abstract

Frigo seedlings of ‘Redlands Hope’ (R. Hope) and ‘Festival’ strawberry cultivars, which are heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive, respectively were grown in a controlled greenhouse. When the seedlings had 5-6 leaves (11 weeks old); half of the plants were sprayed with 3 mM ascorbic acid (AA) every three days for 3 weeks (7 applications) in order to investigate whether AA is effective on heat stress tolerance of the cultivars, the other half ones were used as control plants. Plants were then transferred to a climate chamber and exposed to gradually increased high temperature up to 44° C. The samples were taken from the plants exposed to 44 °C for six hours. AA content, total chlorophyll content, leaf relative water content (RWC), loss of turgidity and peroxidase (POX) isozyme activity were evaluated in leaf tissues. AA application and heat stress increased AA content in 'R. Hope' while decreased in 'Festival'. Total chlorophyll content of cultivars was increased with high temperature in control plants in contrast to AA applicated plants. RWC content of ‘R.Hope’ was higher than in ‘Festival’ at the high temperature, while loss of turgidity of ‘Festival’ was higher than in ‘R. Hope’. In addition, AA application decreased loss of turgidity in both cultivars. A basic POX band was observed in the samples on native PAGE with different intensities. The intensities of the band were generally higher in ‘R. Hope’ than in ‘Festival’

Keywords

Strawberry plants, heat stress, ascorbic acid, peroxidase

Effects of Ascorbic Acid Application in Strawberry Plants During Heat Stress

Abstract

Redlands Hope (R. Hope) ve Festival çilek çeşitlerinin frigo fideleri 11 hafta (5- 6 yapraklı oluncaya kadar) boyunca serada yetiştirilmişlerdir. Askorbik asitin (AA) çilek bitkilerinin yüksek sıcaklık toleransına etkisini belirlemek amacıyla, bitkilerin yarısına üç günde bir 3 hafta boyunca (7 uygulama) 3mM AA uygulaması yapılmıştır, bitkilerin kalan diğer yarısı da kontrol olarak kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra bitkiler iklim kabinine alınarak, sıcaklık kademeli olarak arttırılmış ve 44oC’de altı saat tutulmuşlardır. Bitkilerden alınan yaprak dokularında AA miktarı, klorofil miktarı, yaprak oransal su kapsamı (YOSK), turgor kaybı ve peroksidaz enzim aktiviteleri incelenmiştir. AA ve sıcaklık stresi uygulaması ‘R. Hope’da AA miktarını arttırırken, ‘Festival’de azaltmıştır. Kontrol bitkilerinde çeşitlerin toplam klorofil miktarı yüksek sıcaklık uygulamasıyla birlikte artarken, AA uygulamasında tam tersi durum gözlenmiştir. Yüksek sıcaklıkta ‘R. Hope’un YOSK’u ‘Festival’e göre daha yüksekken, ‘Festival’in turgor kaybı ‘R.Hope’a göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, AA uygulamalarının her iki çeşitte de turgor kaybını azalttığı belirlenmiştir. Native-PAGE’de uygulamalara göre yoğunluğu değişen bazik bir peroksidaz bandı tespit edilmiştir. Belirlenen bandın yoğunluğunun genel olarak ‘R. Hope’da ‘Festival’e göre daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir

Keywords

Çilek, sıcaklık stresi, askorbik asit, peroksidaz

References

• Aydoğan, Ç. ve Turhan, E. 2013. Yüksek Sıcaklık Uygulamasının Keklik Barbunya Çeşidinin Bazı Fizyolojik Özelliklerine Etkisi. İç Anadolu Bölgesi 1. Tarım ve Gıda Kongresi, Bildiriler, Cilt I, Bitkisel Üretim, s.278-283.
• Barr, H.D. and Weatherley, P.E., 1962. A re- examination of the relative turgidity technique for estimating water deficit in leaves. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences, 15: 413-428.
• Cansev., A. 2012. Physiological effects of high temperature treatments on leaves of olive cv. ‘Gemlik’. Plant Archives, 12:521-525.
• Davis, B.J. 1964. Disc electrophoresis. Method and application to human serum proteins. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 121: 404- 427.
• Dolatabadian, A. and Jouneghani, R.S. 2009. Impact of exogenous ascorbic acid on antioxidant activity and some physiological traits of common bean subjected to salinity stress. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj- Napoca, 37(2):165-172.
• Dwivedi, S.K., Singh, V.P., Singh, G.P. and Arora, A. 2012. Combined effect of cytokinin, paclobutrazol and ascorbic acid on nitrogen metabolism and yield of wheat (Tritıcum aestivum l.) under water deficit stress condition. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 17(3&4):259-267.
• Ebrahimian, E. and Bybordi, A., 2012. Effect of salinity, salicylic acid, silicium and ascorbic acid on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity and fatty acid content of sunflower. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(25): 3685-3694.
• Elwan, M.W.M. and El-Hamed, K. E. A. 2012. Mitigation of salt stress in strawberry plants by foliar application of ascorbic acid and di- potassium Agricultural Segment: 3(2) AGS/1584.
• Ergin, S. 2012. Yüksek sıcaklık stresinin çilek bitkisinde enzimatik ve enzimatik olmayan antioksidanlar ile protein metabolizmasına etkileri. Doktora Tezi, Uludağ Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bursa, Türkiye. 92 s.
• Ergin, S., Kesici, M. and Gülen, H. 2012. Changes in H2O2 and peroxidase activities in strawberry plants under heat stress. Harran University Journal Agriculture,16(1):25-35. Faculty of
• Foyer, C.H. and Noctor, G. 2011. Ascorbate and Glutathione: The Heart of the Redox Hub. Plant Physiology, 155:2-18.
• Gaspar, T.H., Penel, C.L., Thorpe, T. and Grappin, H. 1982. Peroxidases a survey of their biochemical and physiological roles in higher plants. Unıversıté De Genève Press., Genève. pp. 10-60.
• Gonzalez, L. and Gonzalez-Vilar, M. 2001. Determination of relative water content.In: Handbook Techniques. (ed) Roger, M. J. R., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands, 14:207- 212. Ecophysiology
• Gulen, H., Arora, R., Kuden, A., Krebs, S.L. and Postman, J. 2002. Peroxidase isozyme profiles in compatible and incompatible pear-quince graft combinations. Jounal of American Society Horticultural Science, 127: 152-157.
• Gulen, H. and Eris, A. 2003. Some physiological changes in strawberry (Fragaria × Ananassa cv. ‘Camarosa’) plants under heat stress. Journal Biotechnology, 78: 894-898. Science &
• Gulen, H. and Eris, A. 2004. Effect of heat stress on peroxidase activity and total protein content in strawberry plants. Plant Science, 166: 739- 744.
• He, Y. and Huang, B. 2010. Differential responses to heat stress in activities and ısozymes of four antioxidant enzymes for two cultivars of kentucky bluegrass contrasting in heat tolerance. Jounal of American Society Horticultural Science, 135(2):116–124.
• Huystee, R.B.V. 1987. Some molecular aspects of plant peroxidase biosynthetic studies. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 38: 205- 219.
• Jeffrey, A.A. 2002. Catalase activity, hydrogen peroxide content and thermotolerance of pepper leaves. Scientia Horticulturae, 95: 277–284.
• Kesici, M., Gulen, H., Ergin, S., Turhan, E., Ipek, A. and Koksal, N. 2013. Heat-stress tolerance of some strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) cultivars. Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 41(1):238-243. Horti
• Kumar, S., Kaur, R., Kaur, N., Bhandhari, K., Kaushal, N., Gupta, K., Bains, T. S., Nayyar, H. 2011. Heat-stress induced inhibition in growth and chlorosis in mungbean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) is partly mitigated by ascorbic acid application and is related to reduction in oxidative Plantarum, 33:2091–2101. Physiologiae
• Ledesma NA, Kawabata S, Sugiyama N (2004). Effect of high temperature on protein expression in strawberry plants. Biologia Plantarum, 48(1):73-79.
• Ledesma NA, Nakata M, Sugiyama N (2008). Effect of high temperature stress on the reproductive growth of strawberry cvs. ‘Nyoho’ Horticulturae, 116(2):186-193. Scientia
• Malik, S. and Ashraf, M. 2012. Exogenous application of ascorbic acid stimulates growth and photosynthesis of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under drought. Soil Environment, 31(1):72-77.
• Manganaris, A.G. and Alston, F.H. 1992. Inheritance and linkage relationships of peroxidase isozymes in apple. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 83:392-399.
• Mittler, R. 2002. Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance. Trends in Plant Science, 9: 405- 410.
• Moran, R. and Porath, D. 1980. Chlorophyll determination in intact tissues using n,n dimethylformamide. 65:478-479. Physiology,
• Nakano, Y. and Asada, K. 1981. Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate specific peoxidase in Physiology, 22:867-880. Plant Cell
• Reisfeld, R.A., Lewis, U.J. and Williams, D.E. 1962. Disk electrophoresis of basic proteins and peptides on polyacrylamide gels. Nature., 195: 281-283.
• Ristic, Z., Bukovnik, U. and Prasad, P.V. 2007. Correlation between heat stability of tylakoid membranes and loss of chlorophyll in winter wheat under heat stress. Crop Science, 47:2067-2073.
• Schoner, S. and Krause, G. H. 1990. Protective systems against active oxygen species in spinach: response to cold acclimation in excess light. Planta, 180: 383–389.
• Shah, F., Huang, J., Cui, K., Nie, L., Shah, T., Wu, W., Wang, K., Khan, Z.H., Zhu, L. and Chen, C. 2011. Physiological and biochemical changes in temperature stress and their amelioration by exogenous application of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5(13):1810-1816. high night
• Smirnoff, N. 2000. Ascorbic acid: metabolism and functions of a multifaceted molecule. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 3:229-235.
• Wahid, A., Gelani, S., Ashraf, M. and Foolad, M.R. 2007. Heat tolerance in plants: an overview. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 61: 199-223.
• Walter, M.H. 1992. Regulation of lignification in defense. “In: Plant Gene Research: Genes Involved in Plant Defense. (Eds) Boller, T., Meins, F. Springer, Vienna, pp 327-352.
• Wang, S.Y. and Lin, H. 2006. Effect of plant growth temperature on membrane lipids in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.). Scientia Horticulturae, 108:35-42.
• Wendel, J.F. and Weeden, N.F. 1989. Visualization and interpretation of plant isozymes. “In: Isozymes in Plant Biology, (Eds.) Soltis, D.E. and Soltis, P.S. Dioscorides Press, Portland, Oregon, pp. 5-44.
• Xu, S., Li, J., Zhang, X., Wei, H. and Cui, L. 2006. Effects of heat acclimation pretreatment on changes of membrane lipid peroxidation, antioxidant metabolites, and ultrastructure of chloroplasts in two cool-season turfgrass species under heat stress. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 56:274-285.
• Yin, H., Chen, Q. and Yi, M. 2008. Effects of short- term heat stress on oxidative damage and responses of antioxidant system in Lilium longiflorum. Plant Growth Regulation, 54:45–54.