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MOLEKÜLER OTOPSİ VE BALIK OTOPSİSİ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 30 - 35, 05.11.2024

Öz

ÖZET
Ölülerle çalışın ama yaşayanlar için çalışın. Ölüm sonrası muayene terimi, ölümden sonra ceset üzerinde yasal dayanaklara bağlı kalınarak yapılan her türlü uygulamaların tamamıdır. Otopsi genellikle ölüm sonrası muayne ile eşanlamlı olarak kabul edilir, ancak yalnızca otopsi prosedürün amacına doğru şekilde uyar: klinik belirti ve semptomlar gibi hastalık göstergelerine güvenmek yerine vücudu inceler ve doğrudan gözlemler. Balık otopsisi, ölüm nedenini belirlemek için ölü bir hayvanın vücudunun kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmesi ve parçalara ayrılmasıdır. Birkaç gözlem dikkate alınarak bir sonuca varılabilir. Otopsi balık tıbbının en önemli parçasıdır. Otopsi (patolojik anatomi, ölüm sonrası muayene, obdüksiyon, nekropsi veya otopsi), ölüm nedenini, modunu ve şeklini belirlemek, herhangi bir hastalık veya yaralanmayı değerlendirmek için ölen bir balığın diseksiyon yoluyla kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmesini içeren cerrahi bir prosedürdür. Otopsiler genellikle uzman bir doktor tarafından yürütülür. İç kanama belirtilerine özellikle vücut hücrelerinde serbest kan, hasarlı damarlar veya kanayan organlar olup olmadığına bakılır. Tümörler, kan pıhtıları, tıkalı kanal ve damarlar, yırtılmış veya delinmiş organlar ve etkileri de araştırılması gereken diğer konulardır.Ani Ölüm (SD) kurbanlarında otopside, arter, sistem, kapak ve kalp hastalıklarından oluşan çeşitli suçlular belirlenebilir. Bununla birlikte, özellikle çok az sayıda vakada (mors sinüs materia veya açıklanamayan SD olarak adlandırılan) ve kalıtsal iyon kanalı hastalıklarında (QT sendromları ve ventriküler taşikardi) söz konusudur. Bu kanalopatiler, iyon kanallarının proteinlerini kodlayan genlerin veya hücre içi kalsiyum salınımını düzenleyen reseptörlerin kusurlu olmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Moleküler otopsi, yapısal olarak kalp oluşturma ve moleküler biyoloji ve genetiğin kullanılması gibi "sessiz" otopsinin bulmacasını çözme konusunda hala öncü teşhis aracıdır. Bu derlemenin amacı balık ölümlerindeki şüpheleri açıklamak ve otopsi kavramını açıklayarak cevap aramaktır. Bu derleme literatüründe, moleküler otopsinin ve otopsinin önemli bir prosedür olarak kaldığı, tıbbi bilgiyi ilerletme ve klinik uygulamayı iyileştirme potansiyeline sahip olduğu ileri sürülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Smith T.D., Link J.S.: Autopsy your dead … and living: a proposal for fisheries science, fisheries management and fisheries. Fish and Fisheries, 2005, 6(1): 73-87.
  • 2. Blumenthal, R.: Risking Life for Death: Lessons for the living from the autopsy table. Jonathan Ball Publishers, 2023.
  • 3. Burton J.L., Underwood J.: Clinical, educational, and epidemiological value of autopsy: The Lancet, 2007, 369(9571): 1471-1480.
  • 4. Yanong R.P.: Necropsy techniques for fish: In Seminars in avian and exotic pet medicine. WB Saunders, 2003, 12(2): 89-105.
  • 5. Frišhons J., Kislov M.A., Bezdickova M., Dzetkulicová V.: Notes on the techniques of body restoration after autopsy and the possibility of embalming: Anatomy, 2023, 16(2): 108-113.
  • 6. Tekcan E., Tural S.: Ani açıklanamayan ölümlerde moleküler otopsi: Adli Tıp Dergisi, 2022, 36(2): 40-47.
  • 7. Fisher J.P., Myers M.S. Fish necropsy. In The Laboratory Fish. Academic Press, 2000, pp. 543-556.
  • 8. Khoroshailo T.A., Gvozdeva Y.M: Veterinary and Sanitary Examination of Fish in Veterinary Laboratories. 2022.
  • 9. Labstertheory: 2021. https://theory.labster.com/fish-necropsy/ Date of access: 14.07.2023.
  • 10. Gazoni F.M., Amato P.E., Malik Z.M., Durieux M.E.: The impact of perioperative catastrophes on anesthesiologists: results of a national survey. Anesthesia & Analgesia, 2012, 114(3): 596-603.
  • 11. Meyers T.R.: Standard necropsy procedures for finfish. NWFHS Laboratory Procedures Manual. 5th ed. Washington: US Fish and Wildlife Service. 2009, 64-74
  • 12. Ersoy G.: IS21. Molecular Autopsy: General Overview and Application, The Turkish Journal of Occupational/ Environmental Medicine and Safety, 2017, 2(1): 1, 2149-4711. Institute of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey.
  • 13. Şahin Y., Fedakar R., Kök E., Şen A., Akdeniz C., Tuzcu V. Demircan K.: Ani kardiyak ölümlerde moleküler otopsinin önemi: Adli Tıp Dergisi. 2016, 30(2): 162-169.
  • 14. Bean L.J.H., Funke B., Carlston C.M., Gannon J.L., Kantarci S., Krock B.L., Zhang S., Bayrak-Toydemir P.; ACMG Laboratory Quality Assurance Committee. Diagnostic gene sequencing panels: from design to report-a technical standard of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Genet. Med. 2020, 22(3):453-461.
  • 15. Saint-Erne N.: Surgery in Fish: World Small Animal Veterinary Association World Congress Proceedings, WAVMA-Ornamental Fish, Technical Service Veterinarian, PetSmart, Inc., Phoenix, AZ, USA, 2015.
  • 16. Green D.P.: General principles. Green DP., Wolfe SW., Hotchikiss RN, Pederson WC., Kozin SH. Green’s operative hand surgery. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2010, page: 3-24.
  • 17. Sandritter, W., Staeudinger, M., Drexler, H.: Autopsy and clinical diagnosis. Pathol. Res. Pract. 1980, 168(1-3), 107-114.
  • 18. Smith T.D., Link J.S.: Autopsy your dead and living: a proposal for fisheries science, fisheries management and fisheries. Fish and Fisheries, 2005, 6(1), 73-87.
  • 19. Cunningham C.O.: Molecular diagnosis of fish and shellfish diseases: present status and potential use in disease control. Aquaculture, 2002, 206(1-2), 19-55.
  • 20. Editorial: CRVS systems: a cornerstone of sustainable development: Lancet. 2015, 385(9981): 1917.
  • 21. Reeve M., Chowdhury H., Mahesh P.K.B., Jilini G., Jagilly R., Kamoriki B., Ruskin R., McLaughlin D., Lopez A.D.: Generating cause of death information to inform health policy: implementation of an automated verbal autopsy system in the Solomon Islands. BMC Public Health. 2021, 13;21(1):2080.
  • 22. Ebbesen J., Buajordet I., Erikssen J., Brørs O., Hilberg T., Svaar H., Sandvik L.: Drug-related deaths in a department of internal medicine: Arch. Inter. Med. 2001, 161(19): 2317-2323.
  • 23. Esiri M., Olaf A.: "Autopsy: not dead." Lancet 367, no. 9510 (2006): 568.

MOLECULAR AUTOPSY AND FISH AUTOPSY

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 30 - 35, 05.11.2024

Öz

ABSTRACT
Work with the dead but working for the living. Term post-mortem examination colud be applied to any examination of body after death, adhering to legal bases. Autopsy are commonly regarded as synonyms for post-mortem examination, but only autopsy correctly matches aim of procedure: to study and directly observe body rather than rely on indicators of disease, such as clinical signs and symptoms. Fish autopsy is a thorough examination and dissection of a dead animal’s body to determine the cause of death. A conclusion can be reached after considering several observations. Autopsy is the most essantial piece at fish medicine. An autopsy (pathological anatomy, postmortem examination, obduction, necropsy, or autopsia) is a surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a died fish by dissection to determine the cause, mode, and manner of death or to evaluate any disease or injury. Autopsies are unremarkably conducted by a specialized doctor. Look for sings of internal bleeding, particularly free blood in body cells, damaged vessels, or bleeding organs. Tumors, blood clots, clogged ducts and vessels, ruptured or punctured organs and effects are other topics you should investigate. Several culprits colud be identified at autopsy in Sudden Death (SD) victims, consist of artery, system, valve, and heart diseases. However, particularly in a not-so-minor amount of cases (mors sine materia or so-called unexplained SD) and inherited ion channel diseases are implicated (QT syndromes and ventricular tachycardia). These channelopathies are beacuse of defective genes encoding for proteins of ion channels or for receptors regulating intracellular calcium release. Molecular autopsy still represent pioneer diagnosticate also in setting of structurally heart and employment of molecular biology and genetics is of solve puzzle of such “silent” autopsy. The purpose of this reviewer is to explain the suspicions in fish deaths and the concept of autopsy to search for answers. In this compilation literature contend that the molecular autopsy and autopsy remains an important procedure with substantial, potential to advance medical knowledge and improve clinical practice.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Smith T.D., Link J.S.: Autopsy your dead … and living: a proposal for fisheries science, fisheries management and fisheries. Fish and Fisheries, 2005, 6(1): 73-87.
  • 2. Blumenthal, R.: Risking Life for Death: Lessons for the living from the autopsy table. Jonathan Ball Publishers, 2023.
  • 3. Burton J.L., Underwood J.: Clinical, educational, and epidemiological value of autopsy: The Lancet, 2007, 369(9571): 1471-1480.
  • 4. Yanong R.P.: Necropsy techniques for fish: In Seminars in avian and exotic pet medicine. WB Saunders, 2003, 12(2): 89-105.
  • 5. Frišhons J., Kislov M.A., Bezdickova M., Dzetkulicová V.: Notes on the techniques of body restoration after autopsy and the possibility of embalming: Anatomy, 2023, 16(2): 108-113.
  • 6. Tekcan E., Tural S.: Ani açıklanamayan ölümlerde moleküler otopsi: Adli Tıp Dergisi, 2022, 36(2): 40-47.
  • 7. Fisher J.P., Myers M.S. Fish necropsy. In The Laboratory Fish. Academic Press, 2000, pp. 543-556.
  • 8. Khoroshailo T.A., Gvozdeva Y.M: Veterinary and Sanitary Examination of Fish in Veterinary Laboratories. 2022.
  • 9. Labstertheory: 2021. https://theory.labster.com/fish-necropsy/ Date of access: 14.07.2023.
  • 10. Gazoni F.M., Amato P.E., Malik Z.M., Durieux M.E.: The impact of perioperative catastrophes on anesthesiologists: results of a national survey. Anesthesia & Analgesia, 2012, 114(3): 596-603.
  • 11. Meyers T.R.: Standard necropsy procedures for finfish. NWFHS Laboratory Procedures Manual. 5th ed. Washington: US Fish and Wildlife Service. 2009, 64-74
  • 12. Ersoy G.: IS21. Molecular Autopsy: General Overview and Application, The Turkish Journal of Occupational/ Environmental Medicine and Safety, 2017, 2(1): 1, 2149-4711. Institute of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey.
  • 13. Şahin Y., Fedakar R., Kök E., Şen A., Akdeniz C., Tuzcu V. Demircan K.: Ani kardiyak ölümlerde moleküler otopsinin önemi: Adli Tıp Dergisi. 2016, 30(2): 162-169.
  • 14. Bean L.J.H., Funke B., Carlston C.M., Gannon J.L., Kantarci S., Krock B.L., Zhang S., Bayrak-Toydemir P.; ACMG Laboratory Quality Assurance Committee. Diagnostic gene sequencing panels: from design to report-a technical standard of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Genet. Med. 2020, 22(3):453-461.
  • 15. Saint-Erne N.: Surgery in Fish: World Small Animal Veterinary Association World Congress Proceedings, WAVMA-Ornamental Fish, Technical Service Veterinarian, PetSmart, Inc., Phoenix, AZ, USA, 2015.
  • 16. Green D.P.: General principles. Green DP., Wolfe SW., Hotchikiss RN, Pederson WC., Kozin SH. Green’s operative hand surgery. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2010, page: 3-24.
  • 17. Sandritter, W., Staeudinger, M., Drexler, H.: Autopsy and clinical diagnosis. Pathol. Res. Pract. 1980, 168(1-3), 107-114.
  • 18. Smith T.D., Link J.S.: Autopsy your dead and living: a proposal for fisheries science, fisheries management and fisheries. Fish and Fisheries, 2005, 6(1), 73-87.
  • 19. Cunningham C.O.: Molecular diagnosis of fish and shellfish diseases: present status and potential use in disease control. Aquaculture, 2002, 206(1-2), 19-55.
  • 20. Editorial: CRVS systems: a cornerstone of sustainable development: Lancet. 2015, 385(9981): 1917.
  • 21. Reeve M., Chowdhury H., Mahesh P.K.B., Jilini G., Jagilly R., Kamoriki B., Ruskin R., McLaughlin D., Lopez A.D.: Generating cause of death information to inform health policy: implementation of an automated verbal autopsy system in the Solomon Islands. BMC Public Health. 2021, 13;21(1):2080.
  • 22. Ebbesen J., Buajordet I., Erikssen J., Brørs O., Hilberg T., Svaar H., Sandvik L.: Drug-related deaths in a department of internal medicine: Arch. Inter. Med. 2001, 161(19): 2317-2323.
  • 23. Esiri M., Olaf A.: "Autopsy: not dead." Lancet 367, no. 9510 (2006): 568.
Toplam 23 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Veteriner Cerrahi
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Nurdan Filik 0000-0003-4376-7298

Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Kasım 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Aralık 2023
Kabul Tarihi 4 Ocak 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Filik, N. (2024). MOLECULAR AUTOPSY AND FISH AUTOPSY. Türk Veteriner Cerrahi Dergisi, 2(2), 30-35.