Davranışsal Bağımlılıklar ve Bağımlılık Örüntüsü Risk Modellerinin Sosyodemografik Özellikler Çerçevesinde Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 40 Sayı: 95

Zeynep Akyüz , Adviye Esin Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.31828/turkpsikoloji.1502407

Öz

Bazı davranışların aşırı sergilenmesi ve madde ile ilişkili bozukluklara benzer özellikler göstermesi davranışsal bağımlılık kavramının ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Araştırmalar davranışsal bağımlılıkların birbirlerine eşlik ettiğine ve çeşitli sosyodemografik özelliklerin bunların ortaya çıkmasında rolü olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Bu çalışmada kumar oynama, oyun oynama, alışveriş ve egzersiz davranışları ele alınarak, bağımlılığa işaret eden belirtilerin bir arada görülme örüntüsü ve hangi sosyodemografik özelliklerden etkilendiği incelenmiştir. Araştırmaya Türkiye’de yaşayan 1114 yetişkin katılmıştır. İki aşamalı kümeleme analizi ile her bağımlılık türü için bağımlılığa yatkın sınıflar belirlenmiş ve bunlar spesifik bağımlılık kümeleri olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca bağımlılıkları değerlendiren ölçüm araçlarına ait tüm maddelerle yürütülen iki aşamalı kümeleme analizi sonucunda üç farklı genel bağımlılık grubu oluşturulmuş, bunlar ise egzersiz dışı bağımlılıklara eğilimli olanlar (ED; kumar, oyun ve alışveriş), egzersiz bağımlılığına eğilimli olanlar (EB) ve bağımlılığa eğilimli olmayanlar (BO) şeklinde isimlendirilmiştir. Birçok araştırmada olduğu gibi bağımlılık türlerinin cinsiyete göre değişimi ve yaş grupları açısından düzeylerinin farklılaşması bu araştırmada da gözlenmiştir. Sosyodemografik özellikler hem spesifik hem de genel bağımlılık kümelerinde incelenmiştir. Kümelere göre farklılaşan çeşitli sosyodemografik özelliklerin bağımlılık gruplarını bir arada nasıl açıkladığını anlamak için lojistik regresyon analizleri yürütülmüştür. Lojistik regresyon analizleri cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim, çalışma durumu, medeni durum, sigara-alkol kullanımı gibi faktörlerin farklı bağımlılık kümelerinde yer almak açısından risk oluşturabileceğine işaret etmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Davranışsal bağımlılıklar, bağımlılık örüntüsü, kumar oynama, internette oyun oynama, alışveriş, egzersiz

Etik Beyan

Etik izin: Araştırmanın etik onayı Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Etik Kurulu’ndan 12.03.2020 tarihinde 41 sayılı toplantı ve 12 numaralı karar ile alınmıştır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Finansal destek: Türkiye Yeşilay Cemiyeti Tez Destekleme Burs Programı kapsamında desteklenmiştir.

Kaynakça

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