Hemşirelerin Mesleki Riskleri ve Hastane Enfeksiyonları İle İlgili Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Uygulamaları

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 18 - 30, 24.04.2021

Zerife Orhan , Arzu Kayış , Mehtap Sönmez , Şermin İnal , Esra Kaya , Murat Aral

https://doi.org/10.51536/tusbad.819684

Cited By: 2

Öz

Amaç: Hastane enfeksiyonları hastalar için risk olduğu kadar sağlık çalışanları içinde büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma hastane enfeksiyonlarının yayılmasında önemli yeri olan hemşirelerin görevleri gereği enfeksiyonların gerek kendilerine bulaşmasını, gerekse hastane içerisinde yayılmalarını engelleyici enfeksiyon kontrolü ve koruyucu önlemler hakkında bilgileri ve klinik içi uygulamalarını belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı özelliktedir. Araştırmanın evrenini üniversite hastanesinde kliniklerde çalışan 330 hemşire oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma minumum örneklem büyüklüğü 178 olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma verileri araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket aracılığı ile yüz yüze uygulanarak toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya hastanede bulunan kliniklerden 10 hemşire rastgele seçilmiş, hemşirelere gündüz ve gece mesainde ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 130 hemşire araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler anket yöntemi ile toplanmıştır ve SPSS 22.0 programında analiz edilmiştir. Veriler %95 güven aralığında, p<0.05 olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Hemşirelerin yaş ortalamaları 26.0±0.5 olup, %84.6’sı kadındır ve %55’i lisans mezunudur. Meslekte çalışma yılı ortalaması 5.0±0.3’tür. Hemşirelerin kişisel koruyucu önlemler ve el hijyenine yönelik bilgi düzeylerinin standart önlemler çerçevesinde yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hemşirelerin hastane enfeksiyonları için sıklıkla aldığı önlem eldivendir (%84.2). Hemşirelerin %95.4’ü tarafından maske, bone ve gözlük gibi diğer araçların kullanılması enfeksiyona karşı koruyucu bariyer olarak bildirilmiştir. Hemşirelerin %42.6’sı okul müfredatından, %39.5’i hastane hizmet içi eğitimden hastane enfeksiyonları ile ilgili bilgi edindiğini bildirmiştir. Hastane enfeksiyonlarını önleme çalışmalarının yeterli olmadığını düşünenler %67, kendisinin yeterli bulmayanlar ise %48’dir. Hastanelerde enfeksiyon kontrolü için yetersizliklerin en önemli nedeni sorulduğunda birinci sırada malzeme eksikliği (%68.7) gelmektedir. Sonuç: Hemşirelerin hastane enfeksiyonları korunma ve önlenmesinde önemli rol oynadıkları bilinmektedir. Hemşirelerin bilgi düzeylerini arttırmak önemlidir ancak tek başına yeterli değildir. Hastane enfeksiyonları için koruyucu önlemlerin alınabilmesi için gerekli malzemelerin sağlanması ve hastane enfeksiyon önleme kurallarına uyulması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Enfeksiyon, Hemşire, Risk

Destekleyen Kurum

Bulunmamaktadır

Nurses' Knowledge Levels and Practices Regarding Their Occupational Risks and Nosocomial Infections

Öz

Aim: Nosocomial infections are of great importance for healthcare professionals as well as risks for patients. This study was conducted in order to determine the information about infection control and preventive measures, and in-clinical practices of nurses, who have an essential role in the spread of nosocomial infections, to prevent infections from spreading to them and others in the hospital. Method: The research is cross-sectional and descriptive. The universe of the study consists of 330 nurses working in clinics in the university hospital. The minimum sample size of the study was determined as 178. The research data were collected by applying face to face questionnaire which is prepared by the researchers. In the study, 10 nurses from the clinics in the hospital were randomly selected, and the nurses were reached at day and night shifts. 130 nurses who agreed to participate in the study were included in the study. The data were collected by questionnaire method and analyzed in SPSS 22.0 program. The data were considered significant with a 95% confidence interval, p <0.05. Results: The average age of the nurses is 26.0±0.5, 84.6% of them are women, and 55% of them are undergraduate. The average working year in the profession is 5.0±0.3. It was determined that the nurses' level of knowledge on personal protective measures and hand hygiene is high within the framework of standard measures. The common precaution nurses take for hospital infections is gloves (84.2%). The use of other tools such as masks, bonnets, and glasses was reported by 95.4% of the nurses as a protective barrier against infection. 42.6% of the nurses reported that they got information about hospital infections from the school curriculum, and 39.5% from the hospital in-service training. Those who think that the prevention of hospital infections are not sufficient are 67%, and those who do not find it sufficient are 48%. When asked the most critical reason for insufficiencies for infection control in hospitals, lack of material (68.7%) comes first. Conclusions: It is known that nurses play a significant role in the protection against nosocomial infections and prevention of them. It is essential to increase the knowledge levels of nurses, but it is not sufficient alone. Necessary materials should be provided, and nosocomial infection prevention rules should be followed in order to take preventive measures for nosocomial infections.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Infection, Nurse, Risk

Kaynakça

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