Suriye’nin Geleceğinde PYD’nin Konumlanması: İç Savaş, 10. Kongre ve 8 Aralık

Öz

Bu çalışmada Suriye İç Savaşı’nın en çok öne çıkan aktörlerinden biri olan Demokratik Birlik Partisi (PYD)’nin, 8 Aralık sonrasında Suriye’nin geleceğindeki konumu tartışılmaktadır. 2011’den beri hükümet ve muhalifler dışında üçüncü yol stratejisi izleyerek siyasi ve silahlı kanadı olan Halk Savunma Birlikleri’nin (YPG) oluşturduğu baskı ile askeri kazanımlar elde eden PYD’nin, Suriye’deki yeni düzen arayışlarında rolünün ve etkisinin ne olacağı çalışmanın ortaya çıkış amacıdır. PYD, YPG tarafından komuta edilen Suriye Demokratik Güçlerini’nin (SDG) ve Suriye topraklarının önemli bir bölümünde fiili bir durum oluşturan Kuzey ve Doğu Suriye Özerk Yönetimi’ni Suriye’nin geleceğine taşıma arayışındayken, Ahmed eş-Şara’nın başkanlığını yaptığı Suriye Geçici Hükümeti ise tüm grupların silah bırakmasını ve ülkede toprak bütünlüğü gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır. Çalışmada PYD’nin 21-22 Eylül 2024 tarihinde gerçekleştirdiği 10. Kongre ve muhaliflerin Şam’ı ele geçirdiği 8 Aralık 2024 tarihi sonrası gelişmeler üzerinden durum analizi yapılacaktır. Özellikle 25 Şubat 2025’te toplanan ve Suriye’nin geleceğine yönelik tartışmaların yapıldığı Ulusal Diyalog Konferansı’na PYD ve türevlerinin davet edilmemesi, gelecekteki gelişmeleri öngörmek için oldukça önemlidir. Çalışmanın PYD’yi temele alarak Suriye’nin mevcut durumuna güncel bir yaklaşım getirmesiyle alana katkı sunması planlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• PYD
• SDG
• Suriye İç Savaşı
• Suriye
• Ulusal Diyalog Konferansı

The Positioning of the PYD in Syria’s Future: The Civil War, the 10th Congress, and December 8

Öz

This study examines the position of the Democratic Union Party (PYD), one of the most prominent actors in the Syrian Civil War, in shaping Syria’s future after December 8. Since 2011, the PYD has pursued a third-way strategy, distinct from both the government and opposition, leveraging the military pressure exerted by its armed wing, the People’s Protection Units (YPG), to secure strategic gains. The study aims to analyze the PYD’s role and influence in the search for a new order in Syria. While the PYD seeks to integrate YPG-commanded Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) and the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES)—which has established a de facto governance structure over a significant portion of Syrian territory—into Syria’s future framework, the Syrian Interim Government, led by Ahmed al-Sharaa, underscores the necessity of disarmament for all groups and the preservation of territorial integrity. This study conducts a situational analysis based on the PYD’s 10th Congress held on September 21–22, 2024, and developments following December 8, 2024, when opposition forces took control of Damascus. Notably, the exclusion of the PYD and its affiliates from the National Dialogue Conference on February 25, 2025—where discussions on Syria’s future took place—is a crucial indicator for forecasting future developments. By centering its analysis on the PYD, this study aims to provide an up-to-date perspective on Syria’s current situation and contribute to the field.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• PYD
• SDF
• Syrian Civil War
• Syria
• National Dialogue Conference

Kaynakça

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