Latin Amerika’da Bölgeselleşme Pratikleri: Bir Entegrasyon Hayali?

Öz

Bu çalışma, Latin Amerika’da bölgesel entegrasyon girişimlerinin neden sürdürülebilir olamadığını ve bölgesel liderlik iddiası taşıyan ülkelerin bu süreçteki rolünü anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada ilk olarak uluslararası sistemin dönüşümü çerçevesinde, bölgeselleşme fikrinin tarihsel gelişimi incelenecektir. Sonrasında, bölgesel liderliğin entegrasyon girişimleri üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilecektir. Bu bağlamda, özellikle Güney Amerika alt bölgesinde ABD dışında liderlik iddiası olan iki ülkenin, farklı devlet başkanları yönetimindeki Brezilya ve Hugo Chávez dönemindeki Venezuela’nın bölgesel iş birliği ve entegrasyon girişimlerindeki rolü, otonomi teorisi çerçevesinde ele alınacaktır. Son olarak, bölgeselciliğin krizine yol açan dinamikler ve bu krizin entegrasyon süreçlerine olan etkisi bölgenin dönüşen iç dinamikleri ışığında ortaya konulacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Latin Amerika
• bölgeselleşme
• bölgesel örgütler
• hegemonya
• otonomi

Regionalization Practices in Latin America: A Dream of Integration?

Öz

This study aims to understand why regional integration initiatives in Latin America have not been sustainable and the role of countries with regional leadership ambitions in this process. First, the historical development of the idea of regionalism will be examined within the framework of the transformation of the international system. Subsequently, the impact of regional leadership on integration efforts will be analyzed. In this context, the role of two countries with leadership aspirations outside the United States in the South American subregion—Brazil under various presidents and Venezuela during the Hugo Chávez era—will be explored through the lens of autonomy theory. Finally, the dynamics leading to the crisis of regionalism and the impact of this crisis on integration processes will be analyzed in light of the region's evolving internal dynamics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Latin America
• regionalism
• regional organizations
• hegemony
• autonomy

Kaynakça

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