The Effect of Some Physical Fitness Variables on Shooting Performance in U13-U14 Age Group Male Football Players

Öz

This study aimed to examine the relationships between anthropometric characteristics, body composition, and sports performance in U13–U14 male soccer players. A total of 22 players training regularly in the Yozgatspor youth academy voluntarily participated in the study. The participants’ height, body weight, leg volume, and leg mass were measured; back and leg strength, sprint performance, vertical jump, shooting accuracy, and anaerobic power were tested. Height and body weight were assessed using a stadiometer and digital scale, while leg volume and mass were derived from anthropometric measurements. Body composition was evaluated through skinfold thickness assessments. Performance parameters were measured as follows: back and leg strength with a dynamometer, sprint performance with a 30 m sprint test, vertical jump with the countermovement jump protocol, and shooting accuracy through a series of targeted shots. According to the findings, the players’ average height (164 cm), body weight (51.1 kg), and low body fat percentage were consistent with values reported in the literature for athletes of similar age groups. Significant relationships were found between age and sprint, jump height, and anaerobic power. Height and body weight were positively associated with back and leg strength, vertical jump, and anaerobic power performance. Furthermore, positive correlations were observed between leg volume/mass and both strength and anaerobic power. Conversely, increased body fat percentage was found to negatively affect sprint performance. In conclusion, there are significant relationships between anthropometric characteristics and performance parameters in young soccer players. Specifically, low body fat percentage, greater muscle mass, and taller stature were found to contribute positively to sprint, jumping, and anaerobic performance. These findings provide important indicators that should be considered in training planning to support the performance development of youth academy players.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anaerobic power
• leg volume-mass
• sports performance
• shooting accuracy

U13-U14 Yaş Grubu Erkek Futbolcularda Bazı Fiziksel Uygunluk Değişkenlerinin Şut Performansına Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışma, U13–U14 yaş grubu erkek futbolcularda antropometrik özellikler, vücut kompozisyonu ve sportif performans arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya Yozgatspor altyapısında aktif olarak antrenman yapan 22 futbolcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Katılımcıların boy, kilo, bacak hacmi ve kütlesi ölçülmüş; sırt ve bacak kuvveti, sürat, dikey sıçrama, şut isabeti ve anaerobik güç performansları test edilmiştir. Katılımcıların boy ve vücut ağırlıkları stadiyometre ve dijital baskül ile ölçülmüş, bacak hacmi ve kütlesi antropometrik ölçümlerden türetilmiştir. Vücut kompozisyonu, deri kıvrım kalınlık ölçümleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Performans parametreleri kapsamında sırt ve bacak kuvveti dinamometre ile, sürat 30 m sprint testiyle, dikey sıçrama "countermovement jump" protokolüyle, şut isabeti hedefe yapılan seri vuruşlarla ile ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgulara göre futbolcuların ortalama boy (164 cm), vücut ağırlığı (51,1 kg) ve düşük yağ yüzdesi değerleri literatürdeki benzer yaş grubu sporcularla uyumludur. Yaş ile sürat, sıçrama yüksekliği ve anaerobik güç arasında anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuş; boy uzunluğu ve vücut ağırlığının sırt ve bacak kuvveti, sıçrama ve anaerobik güç performansını pozitif yönde etkilediği görülmüştür. Ayrıca bacak hacmi ve kas kütlesi ile kuvvet ve anaerobik güç arasında pozitif korelasyonlar tespit edilmiştir. Buna karşın yağ yüzdesi arttıkça sürat performansının olumsuz etkilendiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, genç futbolcularda antropometrik özellikler ile performans parametreleri arasında anlamlı ilişkiler olduğu; özellikle düşük yağ yüzdesi, yüksek kas kütlesi ve boy uzunluğunun sürat, sıçrama ve anaerobik performansa katkı sağladığı görülmektedir. Bu bulgular, altyapı sporcularının performans gelişimi için antrenman planlamalarında dikkate alınması gereken önemli göstergeler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anaerobik güç
• bacak hacmi-kütlesi
• sportif performans
• şut performansı

Kaynakça

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