Performans mı Sağlık mı Kadın Sporcularda RED-S Sendromu Multidisipliner Bir Yaklaşım

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 223 - 230, 30.08.2025

Fatma Gözlükaya Girginer

Öz

Kadın sporcular, performans hedeflerine ulaşmak amacıyla yoğun antrenman programlarına katılırken, estetik kaygılar ve kilo kontrolü gibi etmenlerle yetersiz enerji alımına maruz kalabilmektedir. Bu durum, enerji dengesizliğine bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan Düşük Enerji Mevcudiyeti (LEA) ve buna bağlı gelişen Enerji Eksikliği ile İlişkili Relatif Sporcu Sendromu (RED-S) gibi ciddi sağlık problemleriyle sonuçlanabilmektedir. RED-S, sadece menstrüel ve hormonal dengesizliklerle sınırlı kalmayıp, kemik mineral yoğunluğunun azalması, metabolik bozukluklar, psikolojik sorunlar ve kardiyovasküler riskleri de kapsamaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmasında, 2020 yılı sonrası literatür ışığında LEA ve RED-S'in kadın sporcular üzerindeki fizyolojik, hormonal ve iskelet sistemi üzerindeki etkileri ele alınmış, tanı kriterleri, önleyici stratejiler ve multidisipliner müdahale yaklaşımları değerlendirilmiştir. Sporcu sağlığını korumada erken tanı ve sistematik izlem protokollerinin gerekliliği vurgulanarak, uzun vadede sürdürülebilir performans ve sağlıklı atlet gelişimi için bütüncül bir bakış açısı önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kadın sporcular , düşük enerji mevcudiyeti , RED-S , kemik sağlığı , hormonal dengesizlik , menstrüel disfonksiyon

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma derleme çalışmasıdır. Makalede kullanılan yayınlar açık erişimi mevcut olan yayınlardır. Bu nedenle etik belgesine gerek duyulmamıştır.

Kaynakça

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